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ρ Persei

Location of ρ Persei (circled)
Observation data Epoch J2000      Equinox J2000
Constellation	Perseus
Right ascension	03 05 10.59385
Declination	+38° 50′ 24.9943″
Apparent magnitude (V)	+3.39
Characteristics
Evolutionary stage	AGB
Spectral type	M4 II
U−B color index	+1.79
B−V color index	+1.65
Variable type	SRb
Astrometry
Radial velocity (Rv)	+29.10±0.30 km/s
Proper motion (μ)	RA: +129.22 mas/yr Dec.: –105.70 mas/yr
Parallax (π)	10.60 ± 0.25 mas
Distance	308 ± 7 ly (94 ± 2 pc)
Absolute magnitude (MV)	−1.7
Details
Mass	1.9±0.7 M☉
Radius	143±12 R☉
Luminosity	2,692+192 −180 L☉
Surface gravity (log g)	0.37±0.15 cgs
Temperature	3,479±125 K
Metallicity	−0.15 dex
Rotational velocity (v sin i)	11.2 km/s
Age	440 Myr
Other designations
Gorgonea Tertia, Rho Per, ρ Per, 25 Persei, BD+38°630, FK5 109, GC 3682, HD 19058, HIP 14354, HR 921, SAO 56138, PPM 68074
Database references
SIMBAD	data

Rho Persei, Latinized from ρ Persei, is a star in the northern constellation of Perseus. It has the traditional name Gorgonea Tertia /ɡɔːrɡəˈniːə ˈtɜːrʃə/, being the third member of the quartet called the Gorgonea in reference to the Gorgons from the legend of Perseus. An apparent visual magnitude of +3.39 makes it visible to the naked eye, but a challenge to view from a well-lit urban environment. Based upon parallax measurements, it is located at a distance of roughly 308 light-years (94 pc) from Earth.

Johann Schmidt discovered that Rho Persei is a variable star, in 1854. Rho Persei is a semiregular variable star, whose apparent magnitude varies between 3.3 and 4.0 with periods of 50, 120 and 250 days. The star has reached the asymptotic giant branch of its evolution. It is a bright giant star with a stellar classification of M4 II. The outer envelope has an effective temperature of 3,479 K, giving it the red-orange hue of an M-type star.

This star has a mass 1.9 times the mass of the Sun, while its radius has expanded to 143 times solar. It is radiating some 2,700 times the Sun's luminosity. Rho Persei is losing mass at the rate of 1.2×10 solar masses per year, or the equivalent of the Sun's mass every 83 million years. It is about 440 million years in age.

Naming

In Chinese, 大陵 (Dà Líng), meaning Mausoleum, refers to an asterism consisting of ρ Persei, 9 Persei, τ Persei, ι Persei, κ Persei, β Persei, 16 Persei and 12 Persei. Consequently, the Chinese name for ρ Persei itself is 大陵六 (Dà Líng liù, English: the Sixth Star of Mausoleum.).

References

1. ^ van Leeuwen, F. (November 2007), "Validation of the new Hipparcos reduction", Astronomy and Astrophysics, 474 (2): 653–664, arXiv:0708.1752, Bibcode:2007A&A...474..653V, doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20078357, S2CID 18759600
2. ^ Nicolet, B. (1978), "Photoelectric photometric Catalogue of homogeneous measurements in the UBV System", Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series, 34: 1–49, Bibcode:1978A&AS...34....1N
3. ^ Eggen, Olin J. (July 1992), "Asymptotic giant branch stars near the sun", Astronomical Journal, 104 (1): 275–313, Bibcode:1992AJ....104..275E, doi:10.1086/116239
4. ^ Ragland, S.; et al. (November 2006), "First Surface-resolved Results with the Infrared Optical Telescope Array Imaging Interferometer: Detection of Asymmetries in Asymptotic Giant Branch Stars", The Astrophysical Journal, 652 (1): 650–660, arXiv:astro-ph/0607156, Bibcode:2006ApJ...652..650R, doi:10.1086/507453, S2CID 30825403
5. Famaey, B.; et al. (May 2009), "Spectroscopic binaries among Hipparcos M giants. I. Data, orbits, and intrinsic variations", Astronomy and Astrophysics, 498 (2): 627–640, arXiv:0901.0934, Bibcode:2009A&A...498..627F, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/200810698, S2CID 18739721
6. ^ Yeşilyaprak, C.; Aslan, Z. (December 2004), "Period-luminosity relation for M-type semiregular variables from Hipparcos parallaxes", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 355 (2): 601–607, Bibcode:2004MNRAS.355..601Y, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2004.08344.x
7. ^ Kallinger, T.; et al. (April 2019), "Stellar masses from granulation and oscillations of 23 bright red giants observed by BRITE-Constellation", Astronomy & Astrophysics, 624: 17, arXiv:1902.07531, Bibcode:2019A&A...624A..35K, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201834514, S2CID 102486794, A35.
8. Massarotti, Alessandro; et al. (January 2008), "Rotational and Radial Velocities for a Sample of 761 HIPPARCOS Giants and the Role of Binarity", The Astronomical Journal, 135 (1): 209–231, Bibcode:2008AJ....135..209M, doi:10.1088/0004-6256/135/1/209
9. ^ Kaler, James B., "GORGONEA TERTIA (Rho Persei)", Stars, University of Illinois, retrieved 2012-01-25
10. "rho Per -- Semi-regular pulsating Star", SIMBAD, Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg, retrieved 2012-01-24
11. Allen, Richard Hinckley (1899), "Star-names and their meanings", New York, G. E. Stechert: 334, Bibcode:1899sntm.book.....A
12. Enhanced LCG, AAVSO, retrieved 21 September 2022.
13. Cannon, Annie J. (1907). "Second catalogue of variable stars". Annals of Harvard College Observatory. 55: 1–94. Bibcode:1907AnHar..55....1C. Retrieved 16 December 2024.
14. "rho Per". The International Variable Star Index. AAVSO. Retrieved 16 December 2024.
15. Kukarkin, B. V.; et al. (1971), General Catalogue of Variable Stars (3rd ed.), Bibcode:1971GCVS3.C......0K
16. "The Colour of Stars", Australia Telescope, Outreach and Education, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, December 21, 2004, archived from the original on 2013-12-03, retrieved 2012-01-16
17. Cox, Arthur N.; Becker, Stephen A.; Pesnell, W. Dean (2000), "Chapter 20. Theoretical Stellar Evolution" (PDF), Allen's astrophysical quantities (4th ed.), New York: Springer, p. 516, ISBN 0-387-98746-0, archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-04, retrieved 2012-01-25 See table 20.5
18. (in Chinese) AEEA (Activities of Exhibition and Education in Astronomy) 天文教育資訊網 2006 年 7 月 11 日 Archived 2012-02-04 at the Wayback Machine

External links

• Gorgonea Tertia

v t e Constellation of Perseus
List of stars in Perseus Perseus in Chinese astronomy
Stars	Bayer α (Mirfak) β (Algol) γ δ ε ζ η (Miram) θ ι κ (Misam) λ μ ν ξ (Menkib) ο (Atik) π (Gorgonea Secunda) ρ (Gorgonea Tertia) σ τ φ ψ ω (Gorgonea Quarta) b Flamsteed 1 2 3 4 (g) 5 7 8 9 (i) 10 11 12 14 16 17 20 21 24 29 30 31 32 (l) 34 36 40 (o) 42 (n) 43 (A) 48 (c) 49 50 52 (f) 53 (d) 54 55 56 57 (m) 58 (e) 59 1 Aur Variable S T U V X Z RS RT RV RW RY ST SU SV TZ UV UX UY VX XX XY XZ YZ AB AG AR AS AW AX BM DM DY FO GK IK IP IQ IU IW IX IZ KP KS KT KW LX V351 V356 V357 V361 V376 V380 V386 V392 V396 V400 V423 V432 V440 V459 V461 V471 V472 V473 V480 V490 V492 V505 V509 V518 V520 (61 And) V521 V545 V551 V572 V573 V575 V576 V621 V718 V1024 HR 470 526 529 538 540 621 641 787 792 810 820 831 842 846 849 864 865 876 885 886 890 894 918 (k) 920 923 930 949 950 956 964 966 969 973 975 979 986 991 1001 1019 1034 1037 1041 1047 1051 1056 1059 1074 1097 1113 1127 1130 1133 1141 1160 1164 1176 1191 1197 1198 1207 1215 1226 1234 1286 1301 1330 1333 1337 1344 1371 1390 1419 1424 1482 1489 1493 1500 1514 HD 13519 14433 14434 16691 16760 17092 17245 17605 21684 22781 23301 23596 25329 26702 29587 Other BD+31 643 BD+48 740 G 38-29 G 95-57 GD 61 HAT-P-15 (Berehynia) HAT-P-29 (Muspelheim) IRAS 04296+3429 L1448-IRS2E LkHα 101 LRLL 54361 NGC 1333 13 NGC 1333 IRAS 2A NGC 1333 IRAS 4A NGC 1333 IRAS 4B NGC 1624-2 PSR B0355+54 PSR J0357+3205 WR 4
Exoplanets WASP-11b/HAT-P-10b
Star clusters	NGC 869 (h) 884 (χ) 957 1039 1220 1285 1342 1444 1513 1528 1545 1624 Other Alpha Persei Cluster IC 348 Trumpler 2
Nebulae	NGC 650 (Little Dumbbell Nebula) 1333 1491 1499 (California Nebula) 1579 Other Barnard 203 Wreath Nebula
Galaxies	NGC 1003 1023 1058 1077 1086 1159 1160 1161 1167 1169 1175 (Peanut Galaxy) 1198 1250 1259 1260 1264 1265 1267 1268 1270 1271 1272 1273 1274 1275 1277 1278 1279 1281 1282 1283 1293 1294 1334 Other 1H 0323+342 IC 310 UGC 2885 (Godzilla galaxy) 4C +37.11
Galaxy clusters Perseus Cluster
Astronomical events SN 2006gy Perseids
Category

• M-type giants
• Asymptotic-giant-branch stars
• Semiregular variable stars
• Zeta Herculis Moving Group
• Perseus (constellation)
• Bayer objects
• Durchmusterung objects
• Flamsteed objects
• Henry Draper Catalogue objects
• Hipparcos objects
• Bright Star Catalogue objects
• Stars with proper names