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Gosnold, Massachusetts

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Town in Massachusetts, United States
Gosnold, Massachusetts
Town
Town of Gosnold
Gosnold Town Hall in the village of CuttyhunkGosnold Town Hall in the village of Cuttyhunk
Official seal of Gosnold, MassachusettsSealOfficial logo of Gosnold, MassachusettsLogo
Location in Dukes County in MassachusettsLocation in Dukes County in Massachusetts
Coordinates: 41°28′54″N 70°45′25″W / 41.48167°N 70.75694°W / 41.48167; -70.75694
CountryUnited States
StateMassachusetts
CountyDukes
Settled1641
IncorporatedMarch 17, 1864
Government
 • TypeOpen town meeting
Area
 • Total140.2 sq mi (363.0 km)
 • Land13.2 sq mi (34.2 km)
 • Water127.0 sq mi (328.9 km)
Elevation85 ft (26 m)
Population
 • Total70
 • Density5/sq mi (2.0/km)
Time zoneUTC-5 (Eastern)
 • Summer (DST)UTC-4 (Eastern)
ZIP code02713
Area code508 / 774
FIPS code25-26325
GNIS feature ID0618290
Websitewww.townofgosnold.org

Gosnold is a town that encompasses the Elizabeth Islands in Dukes County, Massachusetts, United States. At the 2020 census, the town population was 70, making it the least populous town in Massachusetts. Most of the residents live in the island village of Cuttyhunk, an island on the southwestern part of the town. The largest island in the town by area, Naushon Island is owned by the Forbes family.

History

The earliest inhabitants of the Elizabeth Islands were the Wampanoag Native Americans. The tribe did not settle permanently on the Elizabeth Islands, but used them in summer for hunting, fishing, and gardening. Occasionally, arrowheads or stone tools are discovered on the islands. The islands' names come from the Wampanoag language.

Bartholomew Gosnold was among the first Europeans to become aware of the Elizabeth Islands, including Cuttyhunk, in 1602. He and his crew attempted to establish a trading post on Cuttyhunk so that they could trade with the natives, the first attempt by Europeans to do so. The trading post was abandoned after only a few weeks, and Gosnold decided to return home. Upon his return to England, the British Crown claimed jurisdiction of the island chain.

Gosnold was first settled in 1641, the year of purchase of the islands by Thomas Mayhew, Sr. The islands were claimed by the Wampanoag until 1658, when the Wampanoag sachem transferred the deed of ownership to Mayhew. Constituting Dukes County, New York since 1683, the Elizabeth Islands, Martha's Vineyard, and Nantucket, were transferred to the newly created Province of Massachusetts Bay in 1691. Gosnold was separately incorporated as a municipality in 1864; previously it was a part of the town of Chilmark.

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 140.2 square miles (363.0 km), of which 13.2 square miles (34.2 km) is land and 127.0 square miles (328.9 km), or 90.59%, is water. Gosnold ranks 272nd out of the 351 communities in the Commonwealth in terms of land area; however, it has the longest distance between points within municipal limits of any town in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. It consists of the Elizabeth Islands, including Nonamesset Island, Uncatena Island, Naushon Island, Pasque Island, Nashawena Island, Penikese Island, Cuttyhunk Island, and several smaller islands. The string of islands extend roughly southwest of the southwestern tip of Falmouth, with the closest island, Nonamesset, being less than one-third of a mile away at its closest point. More than half the population lives on Cuttyhunk, with the majority of the rest living on Naushon.

Transportation

Transportation to the island of Cuttyhunk is served by Cuttyhunk Ferry Company from New Bedford. Service is daily in the warm months, and on Monday and Friday in the cooler months. There is also a water taxi service between New Bedford and Cuttyhunk.

Naushon Island is served by a private ferry from Woods Hole. The islands of Nonamesset and Uncatena are connected to Naushon Island via bridges that can be crossed by foot.

Penikese Island is accessible via a chartered boat for STEM-related school trips.

All other remaining islands in the town of Gosnold do not have regular / publicized boat service and require a private vessel to be reached.

Demographics

See also: List of Massachusetts locations by per capita income
Historical population
YearPop.±%
187099—    
1880152+53.5%
1890135−11.2%
1900164+21.5%
1910152−7.3%
1920181+19.1%
1930120−33.7%
1940136+13.3%
195056−58.8%
196066+17.9%
197083+25.8%
198063−24.1%
199098+55.6%
200086−12.2%
201075−12.8%
202070−6.7%
2022*64−8.6%
* = population estimate. Source: United States Census records and Population Estimates Program data.

As of the census of 2020, there were 70 people and 26 households residing in the town. The population density was 5.3 inhabitants per square mile (2.0/km). There were 218 housing units at an average density of 16.5 per square mile (6.4/km). The racial makeup of the town was 61 (87.14%) White, 3 (4.29%) Hispanic or Latino, 3 (4.29%) African Americans, Native Americans, and 5 (7.14%) from two or more races. The census did not report any Asians, or Pacific Islanders, and reported one person as Some Other Race.

In the town, the population was made up entirely of adults. 36.7% who were 65 years of age or older.

According to the 2010 Census, Gosnold now has the lowest population density of any town in the Commonwealth. The title was previously held by Mount Washington at the southwest corner of Massachusetts.

Gosnold was first in a 2008 ranking of all Massachusetts communities in terms of total value of real estate per resident.

Government and politics

Government

On the national level, Gosnold is a part of Massachusetts's 9th congressional district, and is currently represented by Democrat Bill Keating. Massachusetts is currently represented in the United States Senate by senior Senator (Democrat) Elizabeth Warren and junior Senator (Democrat) Ed Markey.

On the state level, Gosnold is represented in the Massachusetts House of Representatives as a part of the Barnstable, Dukes and Nantucket district, which includes all of Martha's Vineyard and Nantucket, as well as a portion of Falmouth. The town is represented in the Massachusetts Senate as a portion of the Cape and Islands district, which includes all of Martha's Vineyard, Nantucket and most of Barnstable County (with the exception of Bourne, Sandwich, and Falmouth). All of Dukes County is patrolled by the Fifth (Oak Bluffs) Barracks of Troop D of the Massachusetts State Police.

Gosnold is governed on the local level by the open town meeting form of government, and is led by a board of selectmen. Due to its geographic isolation and small population, the town has at times asked for a waiver from the Commonwealth from anti-nepotism laws.

Political affiliation

Registered Voters and Party Enrollment as of October 29, 2022
Party Number of Voters Percentage
Unenrolled 64 64%
Democratic 20 20%
Republican 15 15%
Total 100 100%

Politics

Presidential election results
Presidential Elections Results
Year Democratic Republican Third Parties
2024 76.1% 51 22.4% 15 1.5% 1
2020 68.3% 56 26.8% 22 4.9% 4
2016 50.7% 36 38.0% 27 7.4% 5
2012 56.3% 49 41.4% 36 2.3% 2
2008 65.0% 52 32.5% 26 2.5% 2
2004 53.3% 41 44.2% 34 2.6% 2
2000 48.2% 39 40.7% 33 11.1% 9
1996 50.6% 46 23.1% 21 13.2% 12
1992 40.4% 42 28.9% 30 30.8% 32
1988 48.5% 50 50.5% 52 1.0% 1
1984 29.1% 23 70.9% 56 2.2% 0
1980 23.7% 18 46.1% 35 30.1% 23
1976 23.0% 17 68.9% 51 5.4% 4
1972 16.4% 10 77.1% 47 2.2% 0
1968 31.4% 16 66.7% 34 1.9% 1
1964 54.8% 23 45.2% 19 2.2% 0
1960 21.7% 10 78.3% 36 2.2% 0
1956 8.8% 6 91.2% 62 0.0% 0
1952 14.7% 9 85.3% 52 0.0% 0
1948 31.0% 13 69.0% 29 0.0% 0
1944 37.8% 14 62.2% 23 0.0% 0
1940 34.9% 15 65.1% 28 0.0% 0
1936 28.8% 15 71.2% 37 0.0% 0
1932 43.8% 21 56.2% 27 0.0% 0
1928 20.0% 11 80.0% 44 0.0% 0
1924 4.1% 2 95.9% 47 0.0% 0
1920 22.2% 10 77.8% 35 0.0% 0
1916 15.2% 5 84.8% 23 0.0% 0
1912 12.1% 4 51.5% 17 36.4% 12
1908 10.3% 3 86.2% 25 3.5% 1
1904 12.5% 2 81.3% 13 6.2% 1
1900 13.0% 3 82.6% 19 4.4% 1
1896 0.0% 0 100.0% 17 0.0% 0
1892 31.0% 9 65.5% 19 3.5% 1
1888 35.0% 7 65.0% 13 0.0% 0
1884 42.9% 9 57.1% 12 0.0% 0
1880 0.0% 0 100.0% 19 0.0% 0
1876 0.0% 0 100.0% 15 0.0% 0
1872 0.0% 0 100.0% 14 0.0% 0
1868 0.0% 0 100.0% 18 0.0% 0
Gubernatorial election results
Gubernatorial Elections Results
Year Democratic Republican Third Parties
2022 73.6% 39 24.5% 13 1.9% 1
2018 23.2% 13 76.8% 43 0.0% 0
2014 43.5% 20 52.2% 24 2.2% 1
2010 41.2% 28 50.0% 34 8.8% 6
2006 52.5% 31 44.1% 26 3.4% 2
2002 40.0% 20 54.0% 27 6.0% 3
1998 38.5% 25 50.8% 33 4.6% 3
1994 23.9% 17 73.2% 52 2.8% 2
1990 39.3% 33 56.0% 47 3.6% 3
1986 71.2% 42 27.1% 16 0.0% 0
1982 44.3% 27 49.2% 30 6.6% 4
1978 33.3% 16 64.6% 31 2.1% 1
1974 31.9% 15 63.8% 30 2.1% 1
1970 11.1% 5 86.7% 39 0.0% 0

Education

The town has one schoolhouse, Cuttyhunk Elementary School. As of 2020, the school has no students. However, the town hopes to use the school as a STEM resource center for mainland schools to visit.

Penikese Island is home to The Penikese School. It operated as a private school for troubled boys until 2011. The school then became a substance abuse treatment center for a short time before converting into an educational facility for field trips.

References

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  2. Elias Nason; George J. Varney (1890). "Gosnold, Massachusetts 1890". A Gazetteer of the State of Massachusetts with Numerous Illustrations. Publisher: B.B. Russell. pp. 334–336.
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Further reading

  • The Cuttyhunk Historical Society. (2002). Images of America: Cuttyhunk and the Elizabeth Islands. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Publishing. ISBN 0-7385-0980-9.

External links

Municipalities and communities of Dukes County, Massachusetts, United States
County seat: Edgartown
Towns
CDPs
Other
villages
Indian reservation
Categories: