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 SMS V5 underway
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| Class overview | |
|---|---|
| Name | V1 class |
| Operators | |
| Planned | 26 |
| Completed | 26 |
| Lost | 8 |
| Retired | 18 |
| General characteristics | |
| Type | Destroyer |
| Displacement | 570 tonnes |
| Length | 70.2 m (230.3 ft) |
| Beam | 7.6 m (24.9 ft) |
| Draught | 3.1 m (10.2 ft) |
| Speed | 32 knots (59 km/h; 37 mph) |
| Complement | 74 men and officers |
| Armament |
|
The German V1-class torpedo boats was a class of 26 large torpedo boats in service with the Imperial German Navy, Reichsmarine, Kriegsmarine and Royal Hellenic Navy in the early 20th century.
Design
In 1911, the Imperial German Navy placed orders for a flotilla of twelve torpedo boats as part of its shipbuilding programme for that year, with one half flotilla of six ordered from AG Vulcan, and six from Germaniawerft. The 1911 torpedo boats were smaller than those ordered in recent years in order to be more manoeuvrable and so work better with the fleet, which resulted in the numbering series for torpedo boats being restarted. The reduction in size resulted in the ships' seaworthiness being adversely affected, with the 1911 torpedo boats and the similar craft of the 1912 programme acquiring the disparaging nickname "Admiral Lans' cripples".
The six Vulcan-built ships, the V1 class, ship was 71.1 metres (233 ft 3 in) long overall and 70.2 metres (230 ft 4 in) at the waterline, with a beam of 7.6 metres (24 ft 11 in) and a draught of 3.11 metres (10 ft 2 in). Displacement was 569 tonnes (560 long tons) normal and 697 tonnes (686 long tons) deep load. Three coal-fired and one oil-fired water-tube boilers fed steam to two direct-drive steam turbines rated at 17,000 metric horsepower (17,000 shp; 13,000 kW), giving a design speed of 32 knots (59 km/h; 37 mph). 107 tonnes (105 long tons) of coal and 78 tonnes (77 long tons) of oil were carried, giving a range of 1,190 nautical miles (2,200 km; 1,370 mi) at 17 knots (31 km/h; 20 mph) or 490 nautical miles (910 km; 560 mi) at 29 knots (54 km/h; 33 mph).
Armament consisted of two 8.8 cm (3.5 in)/30 naval guns in single mounts fore and aft, together with four 50 cm (19.7 in) torpedo tubes with one reload torpedo carried. Up to 18 mines could be carried. Crew was 74 officers and other ranks.
Ships
Imperial German Navy
| Vessel | Launched | Completed | Fate |
|---|---|---|---|
| V1 | 11 Sep 1911 | 12 Jan 1912 | to Reichsmarine, 1919; stricken from the Fleet list, 27 Mar 1929; scrapped, Wilhelmshaven. |
| V2 | 14 Oct 1911 | 28 Mar 1912 | to Reichsmarine, 1919; stricken from the Fleet list, 18 Nov 1929; scrapped, Wilhelmshaven. |
| V3 | 15 Nov 1911 | 2 May 1912 | to Reichsmarine, 1919; stricken from the Fleet list, 18 Nov 1929; scrapped, Wilhelmshaven. |
| V4 | 23 Dec 1911 | 15 Jun 1912 | sunk 03.20 hrs, 1 Jun 1916 during the Battle of Jutland 55°36′N 6°37′E / 55.600°N 6.617°E / 55.600; 6.617 (SMS V4) (18 killed). |
| V5 (i) | 22 May 1912 | - | Sold to Greece, Jul 1912 as Keravnos; laid up 1919 and scrapped, 1921. |
| V6 (i) | 29 Feb 1912 | - | Sold to Greece, Jul 1912 as Nea Genea; laid up 1919 and scrapped, 1921. |
| G7 | 7 Nov 1911 | 30 Apr 1912 | to Reichsmarine, 1919; Training vessel, 1936; re-designated T 107, 23 Apr 1939; to USSR, 1945 as Poražajuščij, later hulked; scrapped, 1957. |
| G8 | 21 Dec 1911 | 6 Aug 1912 | to Reichsmarine, 1919; Training vessel, 1936; re-designated T 108, 23 Apr 1939; to UK, 6 Jan 1946; scrapped 1946. |
| G9 | 31 Jan 1912 | 25 Sep 1912 | mined and sunk 04.15 hrs 3 May 1918 in 55°14′N 6°19′E / 55.233°N 6.317°E / 55.233; 6.317 (SMS G9) (31 killed). |
| G10 | 15 Mar 1912 | 28 Aug 1912 | to Reichsmarine, 1919; Training vessel, 1936; re-designated T 110, 23 Apr 1939; sunk, 5 May 1945 in the River Trave, Lübeck. |
| G11 | 23 Apr 1912 | 8 Aug 1912 | to Reichsmarine, 1919; Training vessel, 1936; re-designated T 111, 23 Apr 1939; bombed and sunk, 3 Apr 1945 in Scheerhafen, Kiel. |
| G12 | 15 Juli 1912 | 17 Oct 1912 | damaged in collision with V1, 06.00 hrs 8 Sep 1915 in 55°25′N 7°28′E / 55.417°N 7.467°E / 55.417; 7.467 (SMS G12) and sunk following a torpedo explosion (47 killed). |
1912 Program (VII Flotilla) On completion, these vessels formed the VII Torpedo Boat Flotilla of the High Seas Fleet.
| Vessel | Launched | Completed | Fate |
|---|---|---|---|
| S13 | 7 Dec 1911 | 2 Jul 1912 | sunk 08.56 hrs 6 Nov 1914 in 54°0′N 8°22′E / 54.000°N 8.367°E / 54.000; 8.367 (SMS S13) following a torpedo explosion (9 killed). |
| S14 | 2 Mar 1912 | 1 Nov 1912 | sunk by internal explosion, 19 Feb 1915 in the Jade in53°40′N 8°5′E / 53.667°N 8.083°E / 53.667; 8.083 (SMS S14) (11 killed); raised, 1915 and scrapped, Wilhelmshaven. |
| S15 | 23 Mar 1912 | 1 Nov 1912 | mined 21 Aug 1917 in the English Channel in 51°15′N 2°55′E / 51.250°N 2.917°E / 51.250; 2.917 (SMS S15); removed from service as beyond repair, 20 Sep 1917 and scrapped, Ghent. |
| S16 | 20 Apr 1912 | 1 Oct 1912 | mined and sunk 18.15 hrs, 20 Jan 1918 in 54°41′N 2°55′E / 54.683°N 2.917°E / 54.683; 2.917 (SMS S16) (80 killed). |
| S17 | 22 Jun 1912 | 7 Dec 1912 | mined and sunk 16 May 1917 in 53°34′N 5°56′E / 53.567°N 5.933°E / 53.567; 5.933 (SMS S17) (25 killed). |
| S18 | 10 Aug 1912 | 12 Jan 1913 | to Reichsmarine, 1919; collided with battleship Hannover off Rugen, 23 May 1922 (10 killed); repaired; stricken from Fleet list, 1929; sold 31 Mar 1931 and scrapped, Kiel, 1935. |
| S19 | 17 Oct 1912 | 29 Mar 1913 | to Reichsmarine, 1919; stricken from Fleet list, 1929; sold 31 Mar 1931; scrapped, Kiel, 1935. |
| S20 | 4 Dec 1912 | 1 Nov 1913 | sunk in action with HMS Centaur, 04.00 hrs 5 Jun 1917 off Flanders Coast in 51°28′N 2°48′E / 51.467°N 2.800°E / 51.467; 2.800 (SMS S20) (49 killed). |
| S21 | 11 Jan 1913 | 20 Jun 1913 | rammed and sunk by SMS Hamburg 21 Apr 1915 in 53°47′N 08°09′E / 53.783°N 8.150°E / 53.783; 8.150 (SMS S21) (36 killed). |
| S22 | 15 Feb 1913 | 23 Jul 1913 | mined and sunk 21.35 hrs 26 Mar 1916 in 53°46′N 5°4′E / 53.767°N 5.067°E / 53.767; 5.067 (SMS S22) (76 killed). |
| S23 | 29 Mar 1913 | 1 Nov 1913 | to Reichsmarine, 1919; renumbered T 123 16 Mar 1932; renamed Komet, 23 Apr 1939; control vessel for radio-controlled target vessel Hessen; the fate since November 1944 is unknown. |
| S24 | 28 Jun 1913 | 27 Aug 1913 | surrendered to the UK at Cherbourg, 28 Apr 1920; stranded on the south coast, 1920; later scrapped. |
1912 Supplementary order Replacements for the two vessels sold to Greece in 1912.
| Vessel | Launched | Completed | Fate |
|---|---|---|---|
| V5 (ii) | 25 Apr 1913 | 17 Jul 1913 | to Reichsmarine, 1919; deleted from Fleet list, 18 Nov 1929; scrapped, Wilhelmshaven. |
| V6 (ii) | 28 Feb 1913; | 17 May 1913 | to Reichsmarine, 1919; deleted from Fleet list, 27 Mar 1929; scrapped, Wilhelmshaven |
History
The ships were ordered from Germany in 1912. The ships V1 through V4 served as V-class destroyers in the Imperial German Navy. The ships that served in the Greek Navy had been assigned German numbers V5 and V6, but were purchased before entering service in the German Navy, from the German shipyard Vulcan AG in Stettin, when the Balkan Wars were under-way (they were replaced in the German service with another V5 and V6). They were the first ships of the fleet that had steam turbines.
Later, during World War I, Greece belatedly entered the war on the side of the Triple Entente and, due to Greece's neutrality the two ex-German V-class ships were seized by the Allies in October 1916, taken over by the French in November and served in the French Navy from 1917–18. By 1918, they were back on escort duty under Greek colors, mainly in the Aegean Sea.
The two ships were stricken in 1919 and scrapped in 1922.
Notes
- The Imperial German Navy's practice was to split a year's orders into half-flotillas of six torpedo boats from different builders, to differing detailed design.
- The "V" in V1 denotes the shipyard at which the ship was built.
- In Imperial German Navy gun nomenclature, the L/30 denotes the length of the gun. In this case, the L/30 gun is 30 caliber, meaning that the gun is 30 times as long as it is in diameter.
Citations
- ^ Gardiner & Gray 1985, p. 164
- ^ Gardiner & Gray 1985, p. 167
- ^ Gröner 1983, p. 51
- "Hellenic Navy website". Archived from the original on 2010-12-08. Retrieved 2010-03-11.
- battleships and cruisers website
References
- Gardiner, Robert; Gray, Randal, eds. (1985). Conway's All The World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921. London: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0-85177-245-5.
- Gröner, Erich (1983). Die deutschen Kriegsschiffe 1815–1945: Band 2: Torpedoboote, Zerstörer, Schnelleboote, Minensuchboote, Minenräumboote (in German). Koblenz, Germany: Bernard & Graefe Verlag. ISBN 3-7637-4801-6.
| V1-class destroyers | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 German Imperial Navy |
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 Royal Hellenic Navy | |||||||
| German naval ship classes of World War I | |
|---|---|
| Dreadnought battleships | |
| Pre-dreadnought battleships | |
| Battlecruisers | |
| Armored cruisers | |
| Light cruisers | |
| Protected cruisers | |
| Large torpedo boats | |
| Small / Coastal torpedo boats | |
| Aircraft carriers | |
| Coastal defense ships | |
| U-boats | |
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