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Gymnascella dankaliensis is a moderate to slow growing fungus commonly found in the soil of warmer climates. It is characterized by round yellow, orange or red-brown ascospores encircled by undifferentiated filaments. They have been found in ear, nail and skin infections. Their metabolites have been isolated and shown to have cytotoxic and anti-tumor properties .

Morphology

Colonies vary greatly in colour, texture and growth rate. Colonies first appear white, then turn a pale yellow or olive and as they mature become yellow-brown to orange brown. The texture can be either cottony, fine, knotted or wispy. Growth rate of colonies varies from moderately slow to rapid.

Gymnascella dankaliensis has irregular, indistinct filaments.

Ecology

Gymnascella dankaliensis has been reported in the soil of climates and the marine sponge Halichondria japonica.

Metabolites

Since the late 1990s, multiple cytotoxic compounds have been isolated from Gymnascella dankaliensis such as:

References

1. ^ Atlas of clinical fungi. Hoog, G. S. de. (2nd ed.). Utrecht: Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures. 2000. ISBN 978-9070351434. OCLC 46669547.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
2. ^ Laboratory handbook of dermatophytes : a clinical guide and laboratory handbook of dermatophytes and other filamentous fungi from skin, hair, and nails. Kane, Julius, 1924-. Belmont, CA: Star Pub. 1997. ISBN 978-0898631579. OCLC 37116438.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
3. Amagata, Taro; Minoura, Katsuhiko; Numata, Atsushi (October 2006). "Gymnastatins F−H, Cytostatic Metabolites from the Sponge-Derived FungusGymnascella dankaliensis". Journal of Natural Products. 69 (10): 1384–1388. doi:10.1021/np0600189. ISSN 0163-3864. PMID 17067147.
4. AMAGATA, TARO; USAMI, YOSHIHIDE; MINOURA, KATSUHIKO; ITO, TADAYOSHI; NUMATA, ATSUSHI (1998). "Cytotoxic Substances Produced by a Fungal Strain from a Sponge: Physico-chemical Properties and Structures". The Journal of Antibiotics. 51 (1): 33–40. doi:10.7164/antibiotics.51.33. ISSN 0021-8820. PMID 9531985.
5. ^ Pathogenic fungi in humans and animals. Howard, Dexter H., 1927- (2nd ed.). New York: Marcel Dekker. 2003. ISBN 978-0824706838. OCLC 51258022.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
6. Li, Min; Zhou, Peijie; Wu, Anmei (May 2006). "Synthesis of Gymnasterone B, an antitumor steroid from Gymnascella dankaliensis". Tetrahedron Letters. 47 (20): 3409–3412. doi:10.1016/j.tetlet.2006.03.072. ISSN 0040-4039.

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