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XVI Commonwealth Games

Host city	Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Motto	Bersama-sama Gemilangkannya (Together we'll glorify this moment)
Nations	70
Athletes	3638
Events	214 in 15 sports
Opening	11 September 1998
Closing	21 September 1998
Opened by	Tuanku Jaafar King of Malaysia
Closed by	Elizabeth II
Athlete's Oath	Shalin Zulkifli
Queen's Baton Final Runner	Koh Eng Tong
Anthem	Forever as One (Roy) Standing in the Eyes of the World (Ella)
Main venue	Bukit Jalil National Stadium
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The 1998 Commonwealth Games (Malay: Sukan Komanwel 1998), officially known as the XVI Commonwealth Games (Malay: Sukan Komanwel ke-16), were a multi-sport event held in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The 1998 games were the first held in Asia and the last Commonwealth Games of the 20th century. For the first time ever, the games included team sports. The other bid from the 1998 games came from Adelaide in Australia. Malaysia was the eighth nation to host the Commonwealth Games after Canada, England, Australia, New Zealand, Wales, Jamaica and Scotland. Around 3638 athletes from 70 Commonwealth member nations participated at the games which featured 214 events in 15 sports with 34 of them collected medals.

Host selection

Kuala Lumpur was selected to stage the games at the General Assembly of the Commonwealth Games Federation in Barcelona, Spain during the 1992 Summer Olympics.

1998 Commonwealth Games Bidding Results

City	CGA Name	Votes
Kuala Lumpur	Malaysia	40
Adelaide	Australia	25

Preparation

Venues

Kuala Lumpur

National Sports Complex, Malaysia

• National Stadium, Bukit Jalil – Opening/Closing Ceremony, Athletics (Track and field)
• Putra Indoor Stadium – Gymnastics
• National Aquatic Centre – Aquatics (Swimming, Diving, Synchronised swimming)
• National Hockey Stadium – Hockey (men)
• National Squash Centre – Squash

Bukit Kiara Sports Complex

• Juara Stadium – Netball
• National Lawn Bowls Centre – Lawn Bowls

Other venues

• Merdeka Square, Kuala Lumpur – Athletics (Marathon)
• Titiwangsa Lake Gardens – Athletics (Race walking (outdoor))
• Kuala Lumpur Badminton Stadium – Badminton
• Cheras Velodrome, Kuala Lumpur – Cycling (Track)
• Royal Military College, Sungai Besi – Cricket (Group stage)
• Victoria Institution – Cricket (Group stage)
• Tenaga National Sports Complex – Cricket (Group stage)
• Kelab Aman, Ampang – Cricket (Group stage, Bronze playoff)
• Kuala Lumpur Hockey Stadium, Pantai – Hockey (Women)

Selangor

• Mines Convention Centre – Weightlifting
• Shah Alam Circuit – Cycling (Road)
• Malawati Stadium, Shah Alam – Boxing
• Sunway Pyramid, Subang Jaya – Bowling
• Petaling Jaya Stadium, Petaling Jaya – Rugby
• Selangor state Development Corporation (PKNS) Kelana Jaya – Cricket (Finals)
• Rubber Research Institute, Sungai Buloh – Cricket (Group stage)

Kedah

• Langkawi International Shooting Range (Lisram) – Shooting

The athletes' village (Vista Kommanwel) with a capacity of 6,000 people is located beside the National Sports Complex in Bukit Jalil. It consists of three tower blocks of 30 storeys and six hillside blocks of 19 storeys with 1,300 condominiums and an International Shopping Zone. The International Broadcast Centre was constructed at Angkasapuri, Kuala Lumpur, while Mint Hotel (now Nouvelle Hotel) served as the Main Press Centre. stage broadcaster Radio Televisyen Malaysia was the host broadcaster of the event.

Opening ceremony

The 16th Commonwealth Games opening ceremony took place on 11 September 1998 at 20:00 MST (UTC+08:00). During the ceremony, approximately 4,840 Soka Gakkai Malaysia volunteers displayed coloured flip cards which depicted sporting images, flags of the Commonwealth nations and messages that heralded the first games in Asia in the 68 years since their inception. The ceremony was preceded by a pre-show concert by Malaysian pop singers such as Noraniza Idris, Jamal Abdillah, Amy Search, Saleem, Zamani, Ella, Anuar Zain, Ziana Zain, Sheila Majid, Amy Mastura, Ning Baizura and Siti Nurhaliza, performance by local comedian Harith Iskander and 16 paratroopers who descended down the stadium.

The ceremony began with the arrival of dignitaries including the Chairman of Commonwealth Games Federation Michael Fennel, Prince Edward, Sultan of Brunei Hassanal Bolkiah, Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad, the Yang Dipertuan Agong and Malaysian minister of Youth and Sports Muhyiddin Yassin. This was followed by the parade of nations — 69 participating nations, led by mascot Wira and previous games' mascots (Canada being the first country to come into the stadium as host country of the previous games, and Malaysia entering last as hosts).The Singaporean delegation was jeered by the crowd during the parade of nations. Then came a performance about a Malaysian rainforest by 2,000 school children who dressed as birds, bees and flowers.

After the performance, the Queen's message was delivered in the ceremonial baton, which had begun the final stages of its journey on the back of an elephant. 1978 Commonwealth Games badminton gold medal winner Sylvia Ng took the last lap with the baton and handed it off to Koh Eng Tong, a weightlifter who won a gold medal in weightlifting for Malaya in the 1950 British Empire Games, to take the final few feet to Prince Edward.

Contrary to tradition, the games were officially opened by the Malaysian head of stage, Yang di Pertuan Agong Tuanku Jaafar by striking the gong three times. A burst of fireworks and blurring of the giant bunga raya and a 16-gun salute which represents 1998 Commonwealth Games being the 16th-edition games, signified the beginning of the games. The Commonwealth Games flag was then brought into the stadium raised to the theme song of the Games Forever As One written by local composer, Goh Boon Hoe. Malaysian bowler Shalin Zulkifli later take the oath on behalf of the athletes.

The ceremony concluded with a 40-minute performance, titled "Aur di Tebing" (Bamboo at the riverside) with the theme 'Unity towards Progress', which was conveyed through dance, music, and intricate human graphics. 2,000 performers swirled and danced carrying trays of bunga emas (golden flowers) on their heads during a mass silat display. The show told the Malaysian history from ancient Malacca to the present development in Malaysia, its political, economical and technological achievements as well as its people's vision of peace, prosperity and unity and lifestyle.

Closing ceremony

The closing ceremony took place on 21 September 1998 at 20:00 MST (UTC+08:00). The attendees of the ceremony included Raja Permaisuri Agong, Tuanku Najihah, Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad and his wife, Commonwealth Games Federation President (CGF), Sir Michael Fennel; Commonwealth of Nations Secretary-general Chief Emeka Anyaoku; Minister of youth and sports Tan Sri Muhyiddin Yassin and Executive Chairman of Sukom Ninety Eight Berhad, Tan Sri Hashim Mohd. Ali.

The ceremony began with Queen Elizabeth and King Ja'afar's arrival in a limousine, for inspection of guards of honour of the Royal Malay Regiment. The British national anthem God Save The Queen was played followed by Malaysia's national anthem Negaraku. This was followed by a 3-part cultural performance led by a band performance by 400 school students from Johor, Negeri Sembilan, Selangor and Kuala Lumpur followed by an upbeat song performance from local artist Jay Jay.

As the protocol says, a 15-minute presentation from Manchester, England, host city of the 2002 edition, was staged which included songs, videos and a live performance from the group New Order at the Albert Square, also the main moment was when message from British Prime Minister Tony Blair was delivered.

A contemporary farewell dance performance by local artists, featured Siti Nurhaliza and Noraniza Idris concludes the cultural performance. Soon afterwards, all the participants, flag-bearers and the volunteers march into the main ground of the stadium and Olympic council of Malaysia president Tan Sri Hamzah Abu Samah later declared the returning of the flags of all the participating nations.

Then the protocol was resumed and the 69 Commonwealth Games Associations flagbearers positioned themselves in a rostrum and the Commonwealth Games flag was lowered by the Malaysian armed forces. Next, the flag of the Commonwealth Games Federation is lowered by Malaysian Armed Forces personnel to the games theme song, Forever as one and is paraded around the stadium before being folded and handed over to the mayor of Kuala Lumpur, Tan Sri Kamarulzaman Sharif, who handed it over to the president of the Commonwealth Games Federation, Jamaican Michael Fennel.Fennel handed the flag to the Chief Citizen of Manchester city, Gordon Conquest. Following, the official speeches were delivered and Queen Elisabeth was invited to declare the Games closed. In a new protocol step, the Queen has withdrawn from the stadium alongside the King of Malaysia and other authorities, after the guard of honour march song has played, followed by Auld Lang Syne. The Prime Minister of Malaysia, Mahathir Mohamad, later made an announcement to declare 28 September 1998 as a national public holiday to commemorate the nation's success in hosting the games. The ceremony concluded with a concert performed by Six Commonwealth Top Singers representing the six regions of the Commonwealth Federation and local artists.

Participating teams

Sixty-nine countries appeared at the 1998 Games. The only absent country was Nigeria, suspended from the Commonwealth due to the tyrannical dictatorship of Sani Abacha who had died earlier that year.

Calendar

September		7th Mon	8th Tue	9th Wed	10th Thu	11th Fri	12th Sat	13th Sun	14th Mon	15th Tue	16th Wed	17th Thu	18th Fri	19th Sat	20th Sun	21st Mon	Events
Ceremonies						OC										CC	—
Aquatics	Diving												2	2	2		6
	Swimming						5	5	5	5	6	6					32
	Artistic Swimming						●	●	1	1							2
Athletics											2	8	7	11	7	11	46
Badminton				●	●		●	●	2		●	●	●	●	3	2	7
Bowling								2	1	●	2						5
Boxing							●	●	●	●	●	●	●		12		12
Cricket				●	●		●	●	●	●	●	●	●	1			1
Cycling							1	1	●	2		1	3	2	3		13
Gymnastics							1	1	2		10			1	1	4	20
Hockey				●	●		●	●	●	●	●	●		●	2		2
Lawn bowls							●	●	●	●	1	1	1	1	2		6
Netball									●	●	●	●	●	●		1	1
Rugby sevens							●	●	1								1
Shooting		●	●	●	●			5	4	4	2	4	5	3	4		31
Squash					●		●	●	●	●	2	●	●	●	3		5
Weightlifting											6	6	6	6			24
Daily medal events							7	14	16	12	31	26	24	27	39	18	214
Cumulative total							7	21	37	49	80	106	130	157	196	214
September		7th Mon	8th Tue	9th Wed	10th Thu	11th Fri	12th Sat	13th Sun	14th Mon	15th Tue	16th Wed	17th Thu	18th Fri	19th Sat	20th Sun	21st Mon	Events

Sports overview

The host nation achieved its best-ever haul of ten gold medals which has since been surpassed by its achievement in the 2010 Commonwealth Games, where Malaysia won twelve gold medals.

This is an edition marked by several unprecedented facts in the history of the Commonwealth Games. Not only because it is the first in Asia and the first that was not opened by a member of the royal family.And taking advantage of these factors, the Commonwealth Games Federation decided in 1994 that from this edition onwards, team sports could enter the Games program.As a result, the number of sports played rose from 10 to 16.The case studies determined that three team sports were eligible to become mandatory: field hockey (men and women), netball (women) and rugby 7's (men). Adding to aquatics (swimming) (athletics), boxing, badminton, cycling (road), weightlifting, and lawn bowls as compulsory sports. As decided also in 1994, the Organizing Committee could choose up to six sports from a list previously approved by the Commonwealth Games Federation (CGF) and which reflect their respective popularity in the organizing country. And they were the following: aquatics (synchronized swimming and diving), cricket, cycling (track), gymnastics (artistic and rhythmic), and shooting sports. Another spot was reserved for squash, which was an evaluation sport and could become mandatory in the next edition. There was still a spot for a local sport and the organizers chose ten-pin bowling because of the local infrastructure. Which was included as an extra sport because of its popularity in the country and also because of infrastructure spending. However, there was some controversy surrounding the removal of wrestling that had been present in all previous editions because of its low popularity in Malaysia.

In front of 20,000 fans at the Petaling Jaya Stadium, rugby sevens in particular were an enormous success with New Zealand collecting its 100th Commonwealth Games medal with a 21–12 win over plucky Fiji, (the reigning world champions). Man of the match was the giant Jonah Lomu who had worked tirelessly during the 10-minutes-each-way final. Led by veteran star David Campese, Australia took the bronze beating Samoa 33–12. In the squash event many had anticipated a close match between Michelle Martin and Sarah Fitz-Gerald who had both comfortably won their respective semi-finals. Fitz-Gerald had won the previous two years' World Opens and Martin the three prior to that and so it was with some surprise to many that Martin took the gold in three straight sets 9–0, 9–6, 9–5. Fitz-Gerald did avenge this defeat in the final of the world championship later that year, in what many people regard as the greatest women's final ever, coming back from 8–2 down in the fifth to retain her title.
Martin also teamed up with Craig Rowland to take the Commonwealth mixed doubles gold. Erika-Leigh Stirton took five of the six available gold medals in the rhythmic gymnastics only being beaten into second place in the team event in the hosts took gold.

Medal table

Only the top ten successful nations are displayed here.

The ranking in this table is consistent with International Olympic Committee convention in its published medal tables. By default, the table is ordered by the number of gold medals the athletes from a nation have won (in this context, a "nation" is an entity represented by a Commonwealth Games Association). The number of silver medals is taken into consideration next and then the number of bronze medals. If nations are still tied, equal ranking is given and they are listed alphabetically by their three-letter country code.

Key

  *   Host nation (Malaysia)

Rank	Nation	Gold	Silver	Bronze	Total
1	Australia	80	61	57	198
2	England	36	47	53	136
3	Canada	30	31	38	99
4	Malaysia*	10	14	12	36
5	South Africa	9	11	14	34
6	New Zealand	8	6	20	34
7	India	7	10	8	25
8	Kenya	7	5	4	16
9	Jamaica	4	2	0	6
10	Wales	3	4	8	15
11	Scotland	3	2	7	12
12	Nauru	3	0	0	3
13	Northern Ireland	2	1	2	5
14	Zimbabwe	2	0	3	5
15	Ghana	1	1	3	5
16	Mauritius	1	1	2	4
17	Cyprus	1	1	1	3
	Tanzania	1	1	1	3
	Trinidad and Tobago	1	1	1	3
20	Bahamas	1	1	0	2
	Mozambique	1	1	0	2
22	Barbados	1	0	2	3
23	Lesotho	1	0	0	1
24	Cameroon	0	3	3	6
25	Namibia	0	2	1	3
26	Seychelles	0	2	0	2
27	Sri Lanka	0	1	1	2
28	Bermuda	0	1	0	1
	Fiji	0	1	0	1
	Isle of Man	0	1	0	1
	Pakistan	0	1	0	1
32	Papua New Guinea	0	0	1	1
	Uganda	0	0	1	1
	Zambia	0	0	1	1
Totals (34 entries)		213	213	244	670

Marketing

Logo

The logo of the 1998 Commonwealth Games is an image of the national flower of Malaysia, the hibiscus (the bunga raya), the first games logo to introduce the colour yellow. (All previous logos had been red, white and blue to reflect the colours of the British Union Flag.) The red, blue, white and yellow colours represents the colours of the Malaysian national flag and Malaysia as a confident, young, dynamic nation. The yellow pollens represent the six regions of the world that includes the 68 Commonwealth member nations.

Mascot

The official mascot of the 1998 Commonwealth Games is an orangutan named Wira (Malay for "warrior" or "hero"). It is said that the orangutan is the largest and probably the most intelligent primate in Asia which lives in the tropical rainforests of Malaysia. The adoption of orangutan as a games' mascot is to represent the friendly personality of Malaysia as the games' host as well as the charm, intelligence, and sporting ability of the participating athletes.

Sponsors

A total of 55 companies and organisations sponsored the games, including Malaysian state-owned enterprises.

• Astro
• Bank Bumiputra Berhad
• Canon Inc.
• DRB-HICOM
• Leopex Sporting Goods
• Kodak
• Malaysia Airlines
• MasterCard
• Maybank
• Pensonic Group
• Nestlé
• PepsiCo
• Percetakan Nasional Malaysia Berhad
• Petronas
• Siemens
• Siemens Nixdorf Informationssysteme
• Faber-Castell
• Aramas Utama Holdings
• Extol Corporation
• Clipsal
• Electcoms
• Goldtronics
• Grace Distribution
• Permanis
• Macroworld
• Microsoft
• NetCard Corporation
• P.K. Electronics
• Royal Selangor
• Perodua
• Permodalan Nasional Berhad
• Selvex
• Sema Group
• Teknologi Ikram
• Unilever
• Konsortium Perkapalan Berhad
• Pos Malaysia
• Telekom Malaysia
• TH Alliance Asia Pacific
• Genting Group
• Sime Darby
• Antah Group
• Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange
• Malaysian Industrial Development Finance Berhad
• Colgate-Palmolive
• Island & Peninsular Berhad
• Sungei Way Group
• Ajinomoto
• Tenaga Nasional
• Chiyoda Corporation
• BP
• Tourism Publications Corporation
• IOI Group
• Golden Hope

Medals by event

Aquatics

Athletics

Badminton

Boxing

Weight	Gold	Silver	Bronze
Light flyweight (48 kg)	Sapok Biki  Malaysia	Moses Kinyua  Kenya	Boudik Kazanijian  Cyprus Gary Jones  England
Flyweight (51 kg)	Richard Sunee  Mauritius	Liam Cunningham  Northern Ireland	Phumzile Matyhila  South Africa Jackson Asiku  Uganda
Bantamweight (54 kg)	Michael Yomba  Tanzania	Herman Ngoudjo  Cameroon	Adnan Yusoh  Malaysia Andrew Kooner  Canada
Featherweight (57 kg)	Alex Arthur  Scotland	Marty O'Donnell  Canada	Lynch Ipera  Papua New Guinea James Swan  Australia
Lightweight (60 kg)	Raymond Narh  Ghana	Ali Asghar  Pakistan	Andrew McLean  England Giovanni Frontin  Mauritius
Light welterweight (63.5 kg)	Michael Strange  Canada	Gerry Legras  Seychelles	Casey Johns  Australia Davis Mwale  Zambia
Welterweight (67 kg)	Jeremy Molitor  Canada	Absolom Okoth  Kenya	Colin McNeil  Scotland Lynden Hosking  Australia
Light middleweight (71 kg)	Chris Bessey  England	Scott MacIntosh  Canada	James Tony  Ghana Jackie Townsley  Scotland
Middleweight (75 kg)	John Pearce  England	Jitender Kumar  India	Trevor Stewardson  Canada Brian Magee  Northern Ireland
Light heavyweight (81 kg)	Courtney Fry  England	Troy Amos-Ross  Canada	Samuel Odindo  Kenya Charles Adamu  Ghana
Heavyweight (91 kg)	Mark Simmons  Canada	Roland Raforme  Seychelles	Kevin Evans  Wales Garth da Silva  New Zealand
Super heavyweight (over 91 kg)	Audley Harrison  England	Michael Macaque  Mauritius	Justin Whitehead  Australia Moyoyo Aloryi  Ghana

Cricket

Event	Gold	Silver	Bronze
Men's cricket	South Africa	Australia	New Zealand

Cycling

Track cycling

Event	Gold	Silver	Bronze
Men's 1000 m individual sprint	Darryn Hill  Australia	Sean Eadie  Australia	Barry Forde  Barbados
Women's 1000 m individual sprint	Tanya Dubnicoff  Canada	Michelle Ferris  Australia	Lori-Ann Muenzer  Canada
Men's 1000m track time trial	Shane Kelly  Australia	Jason Queally  England	Joshua Kersten  Australia
Women's 3000 m individual pursuit	Sarah Ulmer  New Zealand	Alayna Burns  Australia	Yvonne McGregor  England
Men's 4000 m individual pursuit	Brad McGee  Australia	Luke Roberts  Australia	Matt Illingworth  England
Men's 4000 m team pursuit	Australia Brad McGee Brett Lancaster Luke Roberts Michael Rogers Timothy Lyons	England Bradley Wiggins Colin Sturgess Jon Clay Matt Illingworth Robert Hayles	New Zealand Brendon Cameron Greg Henderson Lee Vertongen Timothy Carswell
Men's 25 scratch race	Michael Rogers  Australia	Shaun Wallace  England	Timothy Barswell  New Zealand
Women's 24 km points race	Alayna Burns  Australia	Sarah Ulmer  New Zealand	Annie Gariepy  Canada
Men's 40 km points race	Glen Thomson  New Zealand	Rob Hayles  England	Greg Henderson  New Zealand

Road bicycle racing

Event	Gold	Silver	Bronze
Women's 28 km individual time trial	Anna Wilson  Australia	Linda Jackson  Canada	Kathy Watt  Australia
Men's 42 km individual time trial	Eric Wohlberg  Canada	Stuart O'Grady  Australia	David George  South Africa
Women's 92 km road race	Lyne Bessette  Canada	Susy Pryde  New Zealand	Anna Wilson  Australia
Men's 184 km road race	Jay Sweet  Australia	Rosli Effandy  Malaysia	Eric Wohlberg  Canada

Gymnastics

Event	Gold	Silver	Bronze
Women's balance beam	Trudy McIntosh  Australia	Zeena McLaughlin  Australia	Lise Leveille  Canada
Women's floor exercise	Annika Reeder  England	Allana Slater  Australia	Zeena McLaughlin  Australia
Women's uneven bars	Lisa Skinner  Australia	Veronique Leeleve  Canada	Zeena McLaughlin  Australia
Women's vault	Lisa Mason  England	Trudy McIntosh  Australia	Annika Reeder  England
Women's all round individual	Zeena McLaughlin  Australia	Allana Slater  Australia	Trudy McIntosh  Australia
Women's all round team event	Australia Allana Slater Katarina Frketic Lisa Skinner Trudy McIntosh Zeena McLaughlin	England Annika Reeder Gemma Cuff Kelly Hackman Lisa Mason Melissa Wilcox	Canada Crystal Gilmore Emilie Fournier Katie Rowland Lise Leveille Veronique Leclerc
Men's floor exercise	Andrei Kravtsov  Australia	Christian Brezeanu  South Africa	John Smethurst  England David Phillips  New Zealand
Men's horizontal or high bar	Alexander Jeltkov  Canada	Kris Burley  Canada	Lee McDermott  England
Men's parallel bars	Andrei Kravtsov  Australia	Richard Ikede  Canada	Bret Hudson  Australia
Men's pommel horse	Andrei Kravtsov  Australia	Richard Ikede  Canada	Brennon Dowrick  Australia
Men's rings	Pavel Mamine  Australia	Andrew Atherton  England	Athol Myhill  South Africa
Men's vault	Simon Hutcheon  South Africa	Christian Brezeanu  South Africa	Bret Hudson  Australia
Men's all round individual	Andrei Kravtsov  Australia	Andrew Atherton  England	Brennon Dowrick  Australia
Men's all round team event	England Andrew Atherton Craig Heap John Smethurst Lee McDermott Ross Brewer	Australia Andrei Kravtsov Brennon Dowrick Bret Hudson Pavel Mamine Philippe Rizzo	Canada Alexander Jeltkov Grant Golding Kristan Burley Peter Schmid Richard Ikeda
Women's rhythmic clubs	Erika Leigh Stirton  Canada	Shaneez Johnston  Australia	Emilie Livingston  Canada
Women's rhythmic hoop	Erika Leigh Stirton  Canada	Thye Chee Kiat  Malaysia	Leigh Marning  Australia
Women's rhythmic ribbon	Erika Leigh Stirton  Canada	Shaneez Johnston  Australia	Carolyn Au Yong  Malaysia
Women's rhythmic rope	Erika Leigh Stirton  Canada	Leigh Marning  Australia	Thye Chee Kiat  Malaysia
Women's rhythmic all round individual	Erika Leigh Stirton  Canada	Leigh Marning  Australia	Shaneez Johnston  Australia
Women's rhythmic all round team	Malaysia Carolyn Au-Yong Chee Kiat Thye El Regina Tajudin Sarina Sundara Rajah	Canada Emilie Livingston Erika Leigh Stirton Katie Iafolla	Australia Danielle Le Ray Kristy Darrah Leigh Marning Shaneez Johnston

(Field) Hockey

Lawn bowls

Netball

Rugby sevens

Shooting

Event	Gold	Silver	Bronze
Men's 10m air pistol individual	Mick Gault  England	Jaspal Rana  India	Greg Yelavich  New Zealand
Women's 10m air pistol individual	Annemarie Forder  Australia	Christine Trefry  Australia	Tania Corrigan  New Zealand
Men's 10m air pistol team	Nick Baxter and Mick Gault  England	Jaspal Rana and Satendra Kumar  India	John Rochon and Jean-Pierre Huot  Canada
Women's 10m air pistol pairs	Annemarie Forder and Christine Trefry  Australia	Tania Corrigan and Jocelyn Lees  New Zealand	Kamisah Abdul Jalal and Suriani Othman  Malaysia
Men's 10m air rifle individual	Chris Hector  England	Mohd Emran Zakaria  Malaysia	Zlatko Beneta  Australia
Women's 10m air rifle individual	Nurul Huda Baharin  Malaysia	Sharon Bowes  Canada	Louise Minett  England
Men's 10m air rifle team	Chris Hector and Nigel Wallace  England	Abdul Mutalib Abdul Razak and Mohd Emran Zakaria  Malaysia	David Rattray and Robin Law  Scotland
Women's 10m air rifle pairs	Christina Ashcroft and Sharon Bowes  Canada	Belinda Muehlberg and Noemi Rostas  Australia	Louise Minett and Becky Spicer  England
Men's 25 m centre-fire pistol individual	Jaspal Rana  India	Allan McDonald  South Africa	John Rochon  Canada
Men's 25 m centre-fire pistol pairs	Jaspal Rana and Ashok Pandit  India	John Rochon and Metodi Igorov  Canada	Mike Giustiniano and Bruce Quick  Australia
Men's 50m free pistol individual	Mick Gault  England	Francois Van Tonder  South Africa	Bruce Quick  Australia
Men's 50m free pistol pairs	Nick Baxter and Mick Gault  England	David Moore and Bruce Quick  Australia	John Rochon and Jean-Pierre Huot  Canada
Fullbore rifle Queens prize open pair	David Calvert and Martin Millar  Northern Ireland	James Paton and Alain Marion  Canada	David Davies and Christopher Hockley  Wales
Fullbore rifle Queens prize open individual	James Paton  Canada	Mohd Zainal Abidin Mohd Zain  Malaysia	Andrew Luckman  England
Men's Olympic trap individual	Michael Diamond  Australia	Ian Peel  England	Desmond Coe  New Zealand
Men's Olympic trap team	Mansher Singh and Manavjit Singh  India	Michael Diamond and Ben Kelley  Australia	Bob Borsley and Ian Peel  England
Men's 25 m rapid fire pistol individual	Metodi Igorov  Canada	Allan McDonald  South Africa	Bhanwar Dhaka  India
Men's 25 m rapid fire pistol pairs	Mike Giustiniano and Pat Murray  Australia	Jason Wakeling and Alan Earle  New Zealand	Allan McDonald and André van Emmenis  South Africa
Men's skeet individual	Desmond Davies  Wales	Joe Trinci  Canada	David Cunningham  Australia
Men's skeet pairs	Costas Stratis and Antonis Nicolaides  Cyprus	Andy Austin and Drew Harvey  England	Douglas McCutcheon and Joe Trinci  Canada
Men's 50m rifle three positions individual	Timothy Lowndes  Australia	Wayne Sorensen  Canada	Kenneth Parr  England
Men's 50m rifle three positions pairs	Michael Dion and Wayne Sorensen  Canada	Les Imgrund and Tim Lowndes  Australia	Chris Hector and Kenneth Parr  England
Men's 50m rifle prone individual	Stephen Petterson  New Zealand	David Moore  Australia	Gavin van Rhyn  South Africa
Men's 50m rifle prone pairs	Gavin van Rhyn and Michael Thiele  South Africa	Philip Scanlan and Neil Day  England	Tim Lowndes and Warren Potent  Australia
Women's 50m rifle prone individual	Roopa Unnikrishnan  India	Carrie Quigley  Australia	Sally Johnston  New Zealand
Women's 50m rifle prone pairs	Carrie Quigley and Kim Frazer  Australia	Christina Ashcroft and Maureen Spinney  Canada	Susan Bell and Shirley McIntosh  Scotland
Women's 50m rifle three positions individual	Susan McCready  Australia	Sharon Bowes  Canada	Roslina Bakar  Malaysia
Women's 50m rifle three positions pairs	Sharon Bowes and Christina Ashcroft  Canada	Val Martin and Donna Potgieter  South Africa	Shirley McIntosh and Janis Thomson  Scotland
Women's 25m sport pistol individual	Christine Trefry  Australia	Bibiana Ng Pei Chin  Malaysia	Kim Eagles  Canada
Women's 25m sport pistol pairs	Christine Trefry and Annette Woodward  Australia	Tania Corrigan and Jocelyn Lees  New Zealand	Bibiana Ng Pei Chin and Norsita Mahmud  Malaysia

Squash

Bowling

Event	Gold	Silver	Bronze
Men's singles	Kenny Ang  Malaysia, 6046 points	Bill Rowe  Canada, 5946	Warren Rennox  Canada, 5850
Women's singles	Cara Honeychurch  Australia, 6406	Maxine Nable  Australia, 6028	Lai Kin Ngoh  Malaysia, 5920
Men's doubles	Kenny Ang and Ben Heng  Malaysia, 3522	Antoine Jones and Conrad Lister  Bermuda, 3329	Michael Muir and Frank Ryan  Australia, 3229
Women's doubles	Cara Honeychurch and Maxine Nable  Australia, 3678	Lai Kin Ngoh and Shalin Zulkifli  Malaysia, 3548	Pauline Buck and Gemma Burden  England, 3536
Mixed doubles	Frank Ryan and Cara Honeychurch  Australia, 3605	Richard Hood and Pauline Buck  England, 3560	Bill Rowe and Jane Amlinger  Canada, 3536

Weightlifting

Event	Gold	Silver	Bronze
Men's 56 kg snatch	Mehmey Yagci  Australia, 107.5 kg	Arumugam K. Pandian  India 107.5 kg	Matin Guntali  Malaysia, 105 kg
Men's 56 kg clean and jerk	Dharmaraj Wilson  India, 140 kg	Arumugam K. Pandian  India 137.5 kg	Matin Guntali  Malaysia, 135 kg
Men's 56 kg combined	Arumugam K. Pandian  India, 245 kg	Dharmaraj Wilson  India, 242.5 kg	Matin Guntali  Malaysia, 240 kg
Men's 62 kg snatch	Marcus Stephen  Nauru, 125 kg	Yurik Sarkisyan  Australia, 125 kg	Ganapathy Gnanasekar  India, 117.5 kg
Men's 62 kg clean and jerk	Marcus Stephen  Nauru, 167.5 kg	Yurik Sarkisyan  Australia, 157.5 kg	Murugesan Arun  India, 155 kg
Men's 62 kg combined	Marcus Stephen  Nauru, 292.5 kg	Yurik Sarkisyan  Australia, 282.5 kg	Murugesan Arun  India, 272.5 kg
Men's 69 kg snatch	Sebastien Groulx  Canada, 130 kg	Stewart Cruickshank  England, 130 kg	Tony Morgan  Wales, 130 kg,
Men's 69 kg clean and jerk	Muhamad Hidayat Hamidon  Malaysia, 167.5 kg	Sebastien Groulx  Canada, 167.5 kg	G. Vadivelu  India, 135.5 kg
Men's 69 kg combined	Sebastien Groulx  Canada, 297.5 kg	Muhamad Hidayat Hamidon  Malaysia, 295 kg	Sandeep Kumar  India, 285 kg
Men's 77 kg snatch	Satheesha Rai  India, 147.5 kg	Dave Morgan  Wales, 145 kg	Damian Brown  Australia, 140 kg
Men's 77 kg clean and jerk	Damian Brown  Australia, 187.5 kg	Satheesha Rai  India, 175 kg	Alain Bilodeau  Canada, 167.5 kg
Men's 77 kg combined	Damian Brown  Australia, 327.5 kg	Satheesha Rai  India, 322.5 kg	Alain Bilodeau  Canada, 305 kg
Men's 85 kg snatch	Stephen Ward  England, 157.5 kg	Leon Griffin  England, 155 kg	David Matam Matam  Cameroon, 147.5 kg
Men's 85 kg clean and jerk	Leon Griffin  England, 192.5 kg	Stephen Ward  England, 187.5 kg	David Matam Matam  Cameroon, 180 kg
Men's 85 kg combined	Leon Griffin  England, 347.5 kg	Stephen Ward  England, 345 kg	David Matam Matam  Cameroon, 327.5 kg
Men's 94 kg snatch	Kiril Kounev  Australia, 165 kg	Anthony Arthur  England, 152.5	Simon Heffernan  Australia, 150 kg
Men's 94 kg clean and jerk	Kiril Kounev  Australia, 205 kg	Andy Callard  England, 190 kg	Simon Heffernan  Australia, 185 kg
Men's 94 kg combined	Kiril Kounev  Australia, 370 kg	Andy Callard  England, 340 kg	Simon Heffernan  Australia, 335 kg
Men's 105 kg snatch	Akos Sandor  Canada, 167.5 kg	Tommy Yule  England, 160 kg	Nigel Avery  New Zealand, 155 kg
Men's 105 kg clean and jerk	Akos Sandor  Canada, 192.5 kg	Tommy Yule  England, 190 kg	Karl Grant  England, 187.5 kg
Men's 105 kg combined	Akos Sandor  Canada, 360 kg	Tommy Yule  England, 350 kg	Nigel Avery  New Zealand, 340 kg
Men's 105+ kg snatch	Darren Liddel  New Zealand, 165 kg	Giles Greenwood  England, 162.5 kg	Christopher Rae  Australia, 160 kg
Men's 105+ kg clean and jerk	Darren Liddel  New Zealand, 202.5 kg	Jean Bilong  Cameroon, 192.5 kg	Christopher Rae  Australia, 192.5 kg
Men's 105+ kg combined	Darren Liddel  New Zealand, 367.5 kg	Christopher Rae  Australia, 352.5 kg	Giles Greenwood  England, 352.5 kg

Controversy

1998 Klang Valley Water Crisis

The 1998 Klang Valley water crisis was a water shortage that affected the biggest metropolitan region of the country. This water shortage affected almost all the residents in the Klang Valley, causing the government to impose water rationing prior to the 1998 Commonwealth Games in Kuala Lumpur.

This crisis was blamed on El Niño despite actual rainfall in the months leading up to February 1998 in Federal Territory not being significantly below average. In fact in November 1997, Klang Gates Dam had its highest recorded rainfall. Similarly in October 1997 the Kajang station not far from the Semenyih dam had its highest rainfall in record.

See also

• Sport in Malaysia

References

1. ^ Roper, Alexander. "The Bidding Games: The Games Behind Malaysia's Commonwealth Games". Academia.edu. Retrieved 30 September 2013.
2. "Kuala Lumpur 1998". thecgf.com. Archived from the original on 24 July 2021. Retrieved 26 September 2021.
3. "The Official Kuala Lumpur 98 - 16th Commonwealth Games Website". kl98.thecgf.com.
4. "The Official Kuala Lumpur 98 - 16th Commonwealth Games Website". kl98.thecgf.com.
5. "The Official Kuala Lumpur 98 - 16th Commonwealth Games Website". kl98.thecgf.com.
6. Jones, Terry (12 September 1998). "Opening ceremonies were as good as they get". Edmonton Sun.
7. ^ "Opening, closing programmes". Archived from the original on 16 October 2016.
8. "1998 Commonwealth Games gloriously officiated". Archived from the original on 27 January 2018. Retrieved 27 January 2018.
9. "XVI Commonwealth Games | Soka Gakkai Malaysia (SGM)". www.sgm.org.my.
10. "Glittering Ceremony Marks Commonwealth Games Opening". Archived from the original on 5 April 2018. Retrieved 4 April 2018.
11. "1998 Commonwealth Games" (PDF).
12. "Malaysia made history 10 golds placed nation in fourth place". Archived from the original on 27 January 2018. Retrieved 27 January 2018.
13. "Best Ever Commonwealth Games Comes To A Close". Archived from the original on 5 April 2018. Retrieved 4 April 2018.
14. "CNN - Nigeria suspended from Commonwealth - Nov. 11, 1995". edition.cnn.com.
15. Manchester 2002. "Manchester 2002 Bid Book" (PDF).{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
16. "Past Commonwealth Games". CGF. Archived from the original on 15 February 2013. Retrieved 3 October 2012.
17. "Successful People from Our Neighborhood - Erika-Leigh Howard (Stirton) - Rhythmic Gymnast". 6 August 2013.
18. "Results". Archived from the original on 4 May 1999. Retrieved 22 February 2019.
19. "Medal". Archived from the original on 22 December 2005. Retrieved 22 February 2019.
20. "Games Operation". Official website.
21. "RAINFALL PATTERN IN MALAYSIA". 17 October 2007. Archived from the original on 17 October 2007. Retrieved 11 August 2021.

External links

• Media related to 1998 Commonwealth Games at Wikimedia Commons
• Official website
• Official Kuala Lumpur 98 – 16th Commonwealth Games Website Archived 17 February 2020 at the Wayback Machine
• Unofficial site
• KL 98 Games Archives
• 1998 Games nine msn (now nine.com.au) Australia coverage site

v t e Commonwealth Games
CGF Bids CGAs Participating nations Commonwealth Day Inter-Empire Championships Queen's Baton Relay Medal table Sports Records Mascots Results
Commonwealth Games	1930 Hamilton 1934 London 1938 Sydney 1950 Auckland 1954 Vancouver 1958 Cardiff 1962 Perth 1966 Kingston 1970 Edinburgh 1974 Christchurch 1978 Edmonton 1982 Brisbane 1986 Edinburgh 1990 Auckland 1994 Victoria 1998 Kuala Lumpur 2002 Manchester 2006 Melbourne 2010 Delhi 2014 Glasgow 2018 Gold Coast 2022 Birmingham 2026 Glasgow 2030 TBA
Commonwealth Youth Games	2000 Edinburgh 2004 Bendigo 2008 Pune 2011 Isle of Man 2015 Apia 2017 Nassau 2023 Trinidad and Tobago
Category Commons

v t e Commonwealth Games medal tables
1930 1934 1938 1950 1954 1958 1962 1966 1970 1974 1978 1982 1986 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014 2018 2022

v t e Commonwealth Games medal tables
1930 1934 1938 1950 1954 1958 1962 1966 1970 1974 1978 1982 1986 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014 2018 2022

• Sports
• 1990s
• Malaysia

• 1998 Commonwealth Games
• 1998 in Malaysian sport
• 1998 in Asian sport
• 1998 in multi-sport events
• 1998 controversies
• 1990s in Kuala Lumpur
• September 1998 sports events in Asia
• International sports competitions hosted by Malaysia
• Sports competitions in Kuala Lumpur
• Multi-sport events in Malaysia
• Commonwealth Games by year