Misplaced Pages

West Ham United

Full name	West Ham United Football Club
Nickname(s)	The Irons The Hammers
Short name	West Ham
Founded	29 June 1895; 129 years ago (1895-06-29), as Thames Ironworks 5 July 1900; 124 years ago (1900-07-05), as West Ham United
Ground	London Stadium
Capacity	62,500
Owner(s)	David Sullivan (38.8%) Daniel Křetínský (27%) Vanessa Gold (25.1%) J. Albert "Tripp" Smith (8%) Other investors (1.1%)
Co-chairmen	David Sullivan and Vanessa Gold
Manager	Julen Lopetegui
League	Premier League
2023–24	Premier League, 9th of 20
Website	whufc.com
Home colours
Current season

West Ham United Football Club is a professional football club based in Stratford, East London, England. The club competes in the Premier League, the top tier of English football. The club plays at the London Stadium, having moved from their former home, the Boleyn Ground, in 2016.

West Ham United was founded in 1895 as Thames Ironworks and reformed in 1900 as West Ham United. It moved to the Boleyn Ground, which remained its home ground for more than a century, in 1904. The team initially competed in the Southern League and Western League before joining the Football League in 1919. It was promoted to the top flight in 1923, when it was also losing finalist in the first FA Cup final held at Wembley. In 1940, the club won the inaugural Football League War Cup.

West Ham United has won five major honours in its history. Domestically, it has been winner of the FA Cup three times (1964, 1975 and 1980) and runner-up twice (1923 and 2006). In European competitions, the club has reached three major European finals winning the European Cup Winners' Cup in 1965, finishing runner-up in the same competitions in 1976, and winning the second edition of the Europa Conference League in 2023. The club has also won one minor European trophy by winning the Intertoto Cup in 1999. West Ham United is one of eight clubs never to have fallen below the second tier of English football, spending 66 of 98 league seasons in the top flight, up to and including the 2023–24 season. The club's highest league position to date came in 1985–86, when it achieved third place in the then First Division.

Three West Ham players were members of the 1966 World Cup finals-winning England team: captain Bobby Moore and goalscorers Geoff Hurst and Martin Peters. The club has a long-standing rivalry with Millwall, and the fixture has gained notoriety for frequent incidents of football hooliganism. West Ham adopted their claret and sky blue colour scheme in the early 1900s, with the most common iteration of a claret shirt and sky blue sleeves first emerging in 1904.

History

Origins

The earliest generally accepted incarnation of West Ham United was founded in 1895 as Thames Ironworks F.C., the works team of the largest and last surviving shipbuilder on the Thames, Thames Ironworks and Shipbuilding Company, by foreman and local league referee Dave Taylor and owner Arnold Hills and was announced in the Thames Ironworks Gazette of June 1895. Thames Ironworks was based in Leamouth Wharf in Blackwall and Canning Town on both banks of the River Lea, where the Lea meets the Thames. Thames Ironworks built many ships and other structures, the most famous being HMS Warrior. The last ship built there was the dreadnought HMS Thunderer in 1912 and the yard shut soon after.

The repair yard of the Castle Shipping Line was a very near neighbour and their work team, initially known as the Castle Swifts, would informally merge with the Thames Ironworks own team.

The team played on a strictly amateur basis for 1895 at least, with a team featuring a number of works employees. Thomas Freeman was a ships fireman and Walter Parks, a clerk. Johnny Stewart, Walter Tranter and James Lindsay were all boilermakers. Other employees included William Chapman, George Sage and Fred Chamberlain, as well as apprentice riveter Charlie Dove, who was to have a great influence on the club's future at a later date.

1895–96: First kit

Thames Ironworks won the West Ham Charity Cup, contested by clubs in the West Ham locality, in 1895, then won the London League in 1897. They turned professional in 1898 upon entering the Southern League Second Division, and were promoted to the First Division at the first attempt. The following year they came second from bottom, but had established themselves as a fully-fledged competitive team. They comfortably fended off the challenge of local rivals Fulham in a relegation play-off, 5–1 in late April 1900 and retained their First Division status.

The team initially played in full dark blue kits, as inspired by Mr. Hills, who had been an Oxford University "Blue", but changed the following season by adopting the sky blue shirts and white shorts combination worn from 1897 to 1899.

Following growing disputes over the running and financing of the club, in June 1900 Thames Ironworks F.C. was disbanded, then almost immediately relaunched as West Ham United F.C. — reflecting the West Ham, London district where they played — on 5 July 1900 with Syd King as their manager and future manager Charlie Paynter as his assistant. Because of the original "works team" roots and links (still represented upon the club badge), they are still known as "the Irons" or "the Hammers" amongst fans and the media.

Birth of West Ham United (1901–1961)

West Ham United joined the Western League for the 1901 season while also continuing to play in the Southern Division 1. In 1907, West Ham were crowned the Western League Division 1B Champions, and then defeated 1A champions Fulham 1–0 to become the Western League Overall Champions. The reborn club continued to play their games at the Memorial Grounds in Plaistow (funded by Arnold Hills) but moved to a pitch in the Upton Park area in the guise of the Boleyn Ground stadium in 1904. West Ham's first game in their new home was against fierce rivals Millwall (themselves an Ironworks team, albeit for a rival company) drawing a crowd of 10,000 and with West Ham running out 3–0 winners, and as the Daily Mirror wrote on 2 September 1904, "Favoured by the weather turning fine after heavy rains of the morning, West Ham United began their season most auspiciously yesterday evening; when they beat Millwall by 3 goals to 0 on their new enclosure at Upton Park."

In 1919, still under King's leadership, West Ham gained entrance to the Football League Second Division, their first game being a 1–1 draw with Lincoln City, and were promoted to the First Division in 1923, also making it to the first ever FA Cup final to be held at the old Wembley Stadium. Their opponents were Bolton Wanderers. This was also known as the "White Horse final", so named because an estimated 200,000 people came to see the match and the crowd was spilling out on to the pitch, which had to be cleared prior to kick-off by "Billie", a giant white horse (actually grey) being ridden by PC George Scorey. The cup final match itself ended 2–0 to Bolton. The team enjoyed mixed success in the First Division but retained their status for ten years and reached the FA Cup semi-final in 1933.

In 1932, the club was relegated to the Second Division and long-term custodian Syd King was sacked after serving the club in the role of manager for 32 years, and as a player from 1899 to 1903. Following relegation, King had mental health problems. He appeared drunk at a board meeting and killed himself soon after. He was replaced with his assistant manager Charlie Paynter, who himself had been with West Ham in a number of roles since 1897 and who went on to serve the team in this role until 1950 for a total of 480 games. The club spent most of the next thirty years in the second division, first under Paynter and then later under the leadership of former player Ted Fenton.

Fenton succeeded in getting the club promoted back to the top level of English football in 1958. With the considerable input of player Malcolm Allison, Fenton helped develop both the initial batch of future West Ham stars and West Ham's approach to the game.

Glory years (1961–1986)

Ron Greenwood was appointed as Fenton's successor in 1961 and soon led the club to two major trophies, winning the 1964 FA Cup Final. The team was led by the young Bobby Moore. West Ham also won the European Cup Winners' Cup the following year. During the 1966 World Cup, key members of the tournament winners England were West Ham players, including the captain, Bobby Moore; Martin Peters (who scored in the final); and Geoff Hurst, who scored the first hat-trick in a World Cup final. All three players had come through the youth team at West Ham.

There is a "Champions" statue in Barking Road, opposite The Boleyn Tavern, commemorating West Ham's "three sons" who helped win the 1966 World Cup: Bobby Moore, Geoff Hurst and Martin Peters. Also included on the statue is Everton's Ray Wilson.

After a difficult start to the 1974–75 season, Greenwood moved himself "upstairs" to become general manager and, without informing the board, appointed his assistant John Lyall as team manager. The result was instant success – the team scored 20 goals in their first four games and won the FA Cup, becoming the last team to win the FA Cup with an all-English side when they beat Fulham 2–0 in the 1975 final. The Fulham team included two former England captains, Alan Mullery and West Ham legend Bobby Moore. Lyall then guided West Ham to another European Cup Winners' Cup final in 1976, though the team lost the match 4–2 to Belgian side Anderlecht. Greenwood's tenure as general manager lasted less than three years, as he was appointed to manage England in the wake of Don Revie's resignation in 1977.

In 1978, West Ham were again relegated to the Second Division, but Lyall was retained as manager and led the team to victory in the 1980 FA Cup final with a 1–0 win against Arsenal, the most recent time a team from outside the top flight has won the FA Cup. They reached the final by defeating Everton in the semi-final. West Ham were promoted to the First Division in 1981, and finished in the top ten of the First Division for the next three seasons before achieving their highest-ever league finish of third in 1985–86; a group of players which came to be known as The Boys of 86.

Ups and downs (1986–2005)

However, the Hammers suffered relegation again in 1989, which resulted in Lyall's sacking. He was awarded an ex gratia payment of £100,000 (equivalent to £314,000 in 2023) but left the club in what Lyall described as "upsetting" circumstances, meriting only 73 words in a terse acknowledgement of his service in the club programme. Lyall left West Ham after 34 years' service.

After Lyall, Lou Macari briefly led the team, though he resigned after less than a single season in order to clear his name of allegations of illegal betting while manager of Swindon Town. He was replaced by former player Billy Bonds. In Bonds' first full season, 1990–91, West Ham again secured promotion to the First Division. Now back in the top flight, Bonds saw West Ham through one of their most controversial seasons. With the club planning to introduce a bond scheme, there was crowd unrest. West Ham finished last and were relegated back to the Second Division after only one season. However, they rebounded strongly in 1992–93. With Trevor Morley and Clive Allen scoring 40 goals, they guaranteed themselves second place on the last day of the season with a 2–0 home win against Cambridge United, and with it promotion to the Premier League.

With the team in the Premier League, there was a need to rebuild the team. Oxford United player Joey Beauchamp was recruited for a fee of £1.2 million (equivalent to £3.1 million in 2023). Shortly after arriving at the club, however, he became unhappy, citing homesickness from his native Oxford as the reason. Bonds in particular found this attitude hard to understand compared to his own committed, never-say-die approach; providing for Bonds' further evidence of the decay in the modern game and modern player. Fifty-eight days later, Beauchamp was signed by Swindon Town for a club-record combined fee of £800,000 (equivalent to £2.1 million in 2023), which included defender Adrian Whitbread going in the opposite direction. Whitbread was valued at £750,000 (equivalent to £1.8 million in 2023) in the deal.

Assistant manager Harry Redknapp was also now taking a bigger role in the transfer of players, with the club's approval. With rumours of his old club AFC Bournemouth being prepared to offer him a position, the West Ham board and their managing director, Peter Storrie, made a controversial move. The board were anxious not to lose Redknapp's services and offered Bonds a place away from the day-to-day affairs of the club on the West Ham board. This would have allowed them to appoint Redknapp as manager. Bonds refused the post offered and walked away from the club. His accusations of deceit and manipulation by the board and by Redknapp have continued to cause ill-feeling. Peter Storrie claimed that they had handled the situation correctly, saying, "If Harry had gone to Bournemouth, there was a good chance Bill would have resigned anyway, so we were in a no-win situation. We're sad that Bill is going, and it's a big blow but it's time to move on and we have appointed a great manager." Redknapp became manager on 10 August 1994.

Redknapp's seven years as manager was notable for the turnover of players during his tenure and for the level of attractive football and success which had not been seen since the managership of John Lyall. Over 134 players passed through the club while he was manager, producing a net transfer fee deficit of £16 million, despite the £18 million sale (equivalent to £38.3 million in 2023) of Rio Ferdinand to Leeds United in 2000. Some were notably successful, such as the signings of Stuart Pearce, Trevor Sinclair, Paolo Di Canio, John Hartson, Eyal Berkovic and Ian Wright. Meanwhile, some were expensive, international players who failed at West Ham, such as Florin Raducioiu; Davor Šuker, who earned as much in wages as the revenue gained from one entire stand and yet made only eight appearances; Christian Bassila, who cost £720,000 (equivalent to £1.5 million in 2023) and played only 86 minutes of football; Titi Camara; Gary Charles, whose wages amounted to £4.4 million (equivalent to £9 million in 2023) but made only three starts for the club; Rigobert Song; Paulo Futre; and Marco Boogers, a player often quoted as one of the biggest failures in the Premier League. His first season in charge saw West Ham fighting the threat of relegation until the last few weeks, while his third season would also see another relegation battle. Always willing to enter the transfer market, Redknapp bought in the winter transfer window John Hartson and Paul Kitson, who added the impetus needed at the season's end.

In 1999, West Ham finished fifth, their highest position in the top flight since 1986. They also won the Intertoto Cup beating French club Metz to qualify for the 1999–2000 UEFA Cup. Things began to falter for Redknapp with the sale of Ferdinand to Leeds in November 2000. Redknapp used the transfer money poorly with purchases such as Ragnvald Soma, who cost £800,000 (equivalent to £1.7 million in 2023) and played only seven league games, Camara, and Song. Redknapp felt he needed more funds with which to deal in the transfer market. Chairman Brown lost patience with Redknapp due to his demands for further transfer funds. In June 2001, called to a meeting with Brown expecting to discuss contracts, he was fired. His assistant Frank Lampard left too, making the sale of his son, Frank Lampard Jr., inevitable; in the summer of 2001, he joined Chelsea for £11 million (equivalent to £23 million in 2023).

With several names, such as former player Alan Curbishley, now linked with the job, Chairman Brown recruited from within the club, appointing reserve team coach Glenn Roeder as manager on 9 May 2001. He had already failed in management with Gillingham, where he lost 22 of the 35 games he managed, and Watford. His first big signings were the return of Don Hutchison for £5 million (equivalent to £10.4 million in 2023) and Czech centre back Tomáš Řepka. Finishing seventh in his first season Roeder, in his office at Upton Park, suffered a blocked blood vessel in his brain. As Roeder needed medical help and recuperation, former stalwart Trevor Brooking stood in as caretaker manager. Despite not losing another game, the Hammers were relegated on the last day of the season at Birmingham City, with a record high for a relegated club of 42 points from a 38-game season. Ten seasons of top-tier football were over. Many top players, including Joe Cole, Di Canio and Kanouté, all left the club.

The next season, now in the second tier, Roeder resumed his stint as manager. Results were still poor, however, and after an away defeat to Rotherham United, he was sacked on 24 August 2003. Brooking again took over as caretaker. He lost only one game, a 2–0 away defeat to Gillingham and is known as "the best manager West Ham never had."

Former Crystal Palace player and manager of Reading Alan Pardew was lined up to be the next bench boss. Reading and their chairman, John Madejski, however, were reluctant to let him leave. After serving a period of notice and gardening leave, and with West Ham paying Reading £380,000 (equivalent to £759,000 in 2023) in compensation, he was appointed manager on 18 October 2003, their tenth manager. Pardew set out to rebuild the side bringing in Nigel Reo-Coker, Marlon Harewood and Brian Deane. In his first season in charge, they made the playoff final only to lose to Crystal Palace. His signings of Bobby Zamora, Matthew Etherington and veterans Chris Powell and Teddy Sheringham saw West Ham finishing sixth and subsequently beat Preston North End 1–0 thanks to a Zamora goal in the 2005 playoff final, securing a return to the Premier League. After ensuring promotion, Pardew said, "It's a team effort. We defended well and we're back where we belong."

Final years at the Boleyn (2005–2016)

On their return to the top division, West Ham finished in ninth place, The highlight of the 2005–06 season, however, was reaching the FA Cup final and taking favourites Liverpool to a penalty shootout after a 3–3 draw. West Ham lost the shootout, but nonetheless gained entry to the following season's UEFA Cup as Liverpool had already qualified for the Champions League. In August 2006, West Ham completed a major coup on the last day of the transfer window after completing the signings of Carlos Tevez and Javier Mascherano. The club was eventually bought by an Icelandic consortium, led by Eggert Magnússon, in November 2006. Manager Alan Pardew was sacked after poor form during the season and was replaced by former Charlton Athletic manager Alan Curbishley.

The signings of Mascherano and Tevez were investigated by the Premier League, who were concerned that details of the transfers had been omitted from official records. The club was found guilty and fined £5.5 million in April 2007. However, West Ham avoided a points deduction which ultimately became critical in their avoidance of relegation at the end of the 2006–07 season. Following on from this event, Wigan Athletic chairman Dave Whelan, supported by other sides facing possible relegation, including Fulham and Sheffield United, threatened legal action. West Ham escaped relegation by winning seven of their last nine games, including a 1–0 win over Arsenal, and on the last day of the season defeated newly crowned League Champions Manchester United 1–0 with a goal by Tevez to finish 15th.

In the 2007–08 season, West Ham remained reasonably consistently in the top half of the league table, with Freddie Ljungberg in the team, despite a slew of injuries; new signing Craig Bellamy missed most of the campaign, while Kieron Dyer was out from August 2007. The last game of the season, at the Boleyn Ground, saw West Ham draw 2–2 against Aston Villa, ensuring a tenth-place finish three points ahead of rivals Tottenham Hotspur. It was a five-place improvement on the previous season, and most importantly West Ham were never under any realistic threat of relegation.

After a row with the board over the sale of defenders Anton Ferdinand and George McCartney to Sunderland, manager Alan Curbishley resigned on 3 September 2008. His successor was former Chelsea striker Gianfranco Zola, who took over on 11 September 2008 to become the club's first non-British manager. In the 2008–09 season, West Ham finished ninth, a single place improvement.

In the 2009–10 season, West Ham started strongly with a 2–0 win over newly promoted Wolverhampton Wanderers, with goals from Mark Noble and newly appointed captain Matthew Upson. A League Cup match against old rivals Millwall brought about violent riots outside the ground as well as pitch invasions and crowd trouble inside Upton Park. In August 2009, the financial concerns of Icelandic owners parent companies left the current owners unable to provide any funds until a new owner was found. The club's shirt sponsor SBOBET provided the club with help to purchase a much needed striker, the Italian Alessandro Diamanti.

West Ham had a poor season which involved a prolonged battle against relegation. They finally secured their survival with two games remaining by defeating Wigan 3–2. The club managed to take 35 points from 38 games, seven fewer than the total they had when relegated seven years prior. On 11 May 2010, two days after the end of the 2009–10 season, West Ham announced the termination of Zola's contract with immediate effect. On 3 June 2010, Avram Grant signed a four-year deal to become the next manager of West Ham subject to a work permit. West Ham's form continued to be poor with the team seldom outside the relegation zone, placing Grant's future as manager under serious doubt. A 4–0 Football League Cup quarter-final win over Manchester United was an otherwise bright spot in a disappointing season. West Ham's form in the Premier League did not affect their form in the two domestic cups. The Hammers reached the semi-final of the League Cup before being eliminated by eventual winners Birmingham City as well as the quarter-final of the FA Cup before a 2–1 defeat at eventual runners-up Stoke City.

On 15 May 2011, West Ham's relegation to the Championship was confirmed after a comeback from Wigan at the DW Stadium. With West Ham leading 2–0 at half-time through two Demba Ba goals, Wigan battled back to win 3–2 thanks to an added-time strike from Charles N'Zogbia. Following the loss, West Ham announced the sacking of manager Avram Grant just one season into his tenure. On 1 June 2011, Sam Allardyce was appointed as manager as Grant's replacement.

The club finished third in the 2011–12 Football League Championship with 86 points and took part in the play-offs. They beat Cardiff City in the play-off semi-final 5–0 on aggregate to reach the final against Blackpool at Wembley on 19 May 2012. Carlton Cole opened the scoring, and although Blackpool equalised early in the second half, Ricardo Vaz Tê scored the winner for West Ham in the 87th minute.

West Ham, on their return to the Premier League, signed former players James Collins and George McCartney on permanent deals, as well as record signing Matt Jarvis and Andy Carroll on loan. They won their first game of the season, on 18 August 2012, 1–0 against Aston Villa thanks to a Kevin Nolan goal. The highlight of the first half of the season was a 3–1 home win against reigning European champions Chelsea on 1 December 2012 which saw them in eighth position and 12th at the end of the year. On 22 March 2013, West Ham secured a 99-year lease deal on the Olympic Stadium, with it planned to be used as their home ground from the 2016–17 season. Tenth place was secured at the end of the season with nine home wins and only three away from home. Only 11 away goals were scored, the lowest of the entire league.

In 2013–14, West Ham finished 13th in the Premier League. They also reached the semi-finals of the League Cup before losing 9–0 on aggregate to eventual cup-winners Manchester City. A feature of the season were the criticisms of manager Sam Allardyce by supporters relating to his perceived negative playing tactics. West Ham finished 12th in the 2014–15 Premier League, one place higher than the previous season. Minutes after the last game of the season, on 24 May 2015, the club announced that Allardyce's contract would not be renewed and that they were seeking a new manager. By winning the Premier League Fair Play table for 2014–15, West Ham qualified for the 2015–16 UEFA Europa League, entering at the first qualifying round.

On 9 June 2015, former West Ham player Slaven Bilić was appointed as manager on a three-year contract. In Bilić's fourth game in charge, the team won at Anfield for the first time in 52 years, beating Liverpool 0–3, with goals from Manuel Lanzini, Mark Noble and Diafra Sakho. At the end of the season, West Ham finished 7th in the Premier League. The team broke several records for the club in the Premier League era, including the highest number of points (62), the highest number of goals in a season (65), the fewest games lost in a season (8) and the lowest number of away defeats (5). The season also marked the last season where the team played at the Boleyn Ground, with them moving to the London Stadium from next season - ending their 112-year stay at the stadium.

Move to London Stadium and European success (2016–)

Following Manchester United's win in the 2016 FA Cup final, West Ham took their Europa League place and qualified for the third qualifying round of the 2016–17 edition. At the end of the first season at the London Stadium, the team finished 11th, along with having to deal with the departure of star man Dimitri Payet. However, the team suffered a poor start to the following season, taking only two wins in their opening 11 games. Following a 4–1 defeat to Liverpool at home and with the team threatened by relegation, Bilić was sacked on 6 November 2017. He was replaced by former Sunderland boss David Moyes on a contract until the end of the season. The team battled inconsistent form for the rest of the season but managed to avoid relegation and finish 13th. Moyes was not offered a new contract and left the club on the expiration of it on 16 May 2018.

On 22 May 2018, the club appointed former Manchester City boss Manuel Pellegrini as the new manager on a three-year contract. In his first season in charge, the Hammers finished 10th, once again suffering from inconsistent form. However, after a poor first half to the following season, Pellegrini was sacked in December 2019 with the team only one point above the relegation zone. His last game in charge was a 2–1 home loss to Leicester City. He was replaced by David Moyes, who returned for a second spell in charge a day later.

On 22 July 2020, the club secured their Premier League status for another season, following a 1–1 draw away to Manchester United. Ahead of the 2020–21 season, West Ham's ownership attracted criticism, including from club captain Mark Noble who publicly criticized the sale of academy graduate Grady Diangana. Despite losing the opening two games of the season, West Ham's form improved and by the end of November, the club sat in fifth place. The club would not drop out of a European spot for the rest of the season and went on to qualify for the 2021–22 UEFA Europa League group stages after finishing in 6th. Moyes signed a new three-year contract on 12 June 2021.

West Ham won their first three games of the year 2022, temporarily elevating the club to fourth place in the Premier League. The team beat Sevilla 2–1 on aggregate to reach a first European quarter-final in 41 years, followed by a 4–1 aggregate win over Lyon for a first such semi-final since 1976. Playing the same opposition they met in their 1976 European Cup Winners' Cup semi-final, Eintracht Frankfurt, the Hammers were knocked out of the Europa League, following a 3–1 aggregate loss to the German side. At the end of the 2021–22 Premier League season, West Ham confirmed a second successive season of European football, qualifying for the UEFA Europa Conference League after finishing seventh. The season was also notable for being Mark Noble's final as a West Ham player, with the midfielder retiring from football after 18 years as a first team player at the club, making 550 appearances in all competitions, scoring 62 times. By finishing 7th in the 2021–22 Premier League, West Ham qualified for the 2022–23 Europa Conference League, entering at the play-off stage.

The 2022–23 campaign was a mixed bag for the Hammers. The club finished 14th in the Premier League, only securing their Premier League status with two games remaining and exiting the League Cup to lower league opposition in a season that saw manager David Moyes come under pressure. In January 2023, Mark Noble returned to the club as sporting director. Despite the troubles in West Ham's domestic campaign, they excelled in the Europa Conference League. The club progressed to the final unbeaten, winning 13 games and drawing just once. They went on to win the competition, defeating Fiorentina 2–1 in the final to claim their first major trophy since 1980 and their first European trophy in 58 years. Moyes was not offered a new contract in 2024, having led West Ham to three consecutive European seasons for the first time in their history, reaching at least the quarter-finals of each. On May 23, the club named Julen Lopetegui as his replacement.

Crest

Thames Ironworks FC

The Thames Ironworks Team (1895–1900) used the Union Flag as its badge.

Rivet Hammers

The principal element of the badge is the crossed pair of rivet hammers, tools that were used in the shipbuilding industry. The Blackwall and Canning Town neighbourhoods surrounding the Thames Ironworks echoed to the sound of hammers; steam hammers, sledge hammers and rivet hammers.

Seven large mechanical steam hammers would punch small holes near the edges of the iron plates which would be joined to build the ships. The plates would be put in place and fixed together with rivets by teams of five, three inside the emerging vessel and two outside.

Inside the ship one member of the team would heat the rivets till they were white hot and, using Iron Fingers (blacksmith's tongs), throw them to a second person, known as a "catch-boy" or "putter-in", who would pick the rivet up and place it the hole, also using tongs. The third person was known as the "holder-on" and he would then smash the rivet home with a sixteen-pound sledgehammer and then use his sledgehammer to hold the rivet in place while the men on the other side flattened the other end of the rivet.

Outside the ship, exposed to the elements, two men with rivet hammers – one right-handed, one left-handed – would hammer the protruding and still glowing rivet flat, so securing one of the many points necessary to link each of the ship's large plates.

The crossed hammers were also incorporated into the coat of arms of the County Borough of West Ham and those of its successor, the modern London Borough of Newham. The Thames Ironworks lay partly within what is now the London Borough of Tower Hamlets. However, the blacksmith's tongs in that Borough's coat of arms represent the local saint, Dunstan, the patron saint of Stepney and metalworkers, rather than the Ironworks.

Tower

A yellow or white tower was added, intermittently, from the 1950s onwards. The primary reason for this seems to be to represent Anne Boleyn's Tower, the most notable feature of Green Street House, an originally Tudor group of buildings which stood next to the Boleyn Ground until demolished in 1955. Green Street House was also known as Boleyn Castle through an association with Anne Boleyn. The manor was reputedly one of the sites at which Henry VIII courted his second queen, though there is no documentary evidence to support the tradition.

There are a number of other factors which may have influenced the inclusion of the stylised castle feature, for instance:

• to reflect the contribution made to the club by players of Old Castle Swifts
• The imposing towers, roofs and doorway of the Engineering Department of the Thames Ironworks bore a strong resemblance to the castle feature in earlier iterations of the badge.
• The first verse of the club's anthem I'm forever blowing bubbles begins "I'm dreaming dreams, I'm scheming schemes, I'm building castles high".
• The White Tower of the Tower of London as emblematic of East London. For hundreds of years, up until 1900, inner East London had been known as the Tower Division, an area which owed military service to the Tower of London. The (originally whitewashed) White Tower was used as insignia for the area, for instance on cap badges of local units of the army.
• In recognition of the 'West Ham Pals', the 13th Battalion of the Essex Regiment which was raised in Stratford in 1915 and saw extensive action and heavy losses on the Western Front in the World War I. The Battalion was formed from volunteers from West Ham and East London generally. Their war cry was "Up the Hammers". The cap badge of the Essex Regiment was the castle and key of Gibraltar, though the unit made an unsuccessful request to the War Office that crossed hammers could be used instead.
• The adoption (in 1904) of Boleyn Castle FC as the club's reserve side when they took over their grounds on the site.

Shield

A shield has been used in many iterations of the club badge, and the shape of the 2016 version matches the cross-section on the hull of HMS Warrior, the most famous ship built by the Thames Ironworks. However examining draughtsman's diagrams of the ship casts doubt on the resemblance between the shield and the ship.

Iterations

The crest was redesigned and updated in the late 1990s, featuring a wider yellow castle with fewer cruciform "windows" along with the peaked roofs being removed; the tops of the towers had previously made the castle appear more akin to Disneyland's Sleeping Beauty's Castle than a functioning fortress. The designer also altered other details to give a more substantial feel to the iconography.

When the club rebuilt the west stand of the Boleyn Ground (construction finished 2001–02) the "castle" from the redesigned badge was incorporated into the structure at the main entrance to the ground. A pair of towers were prominent features of the ground's appearance, both bearing large club badges.

A new badge was introduced following the end of the 2015–16 season, when the club moved into the Olympic Stadium. It removes the Boleyn Castle due to the club moving away, leaving just the crossed hammers, which the club says is inspired by the crest before and during the career of Bobby Moore. The word "London" was introduced below to "establish the club firmly on the international stage", and the more minimalist approach is to give a "strong statement that is instantly West Ham United". The shape of the crest is that of the hull of HMS Warrior, the first ironclad warship in the Royal Navy, which was built by Thames Ironworks.

Colours

The original colours of the team were dark blue, due to Thames Ironworks chairman Arnold Hills being a former student of Oxford University (see Oxford blue). However, the team used a variety of kits including the claret and sky blue house colours of Thames Ironworks, as well as sky blue or white kit.

The Irons permanently adopted claret and blue for home colours in 1903.

One story suggests that Thames Ironworks right-half Charlie Dove received the Aston Villa kit from William Belton, who was a professional sprinter of national repute, as well as being involved with the coaching at Thames Ironworks. Belton had been at a fair in Birmingham, close to Villa Park, the home ground of Aston Villa and was challenged to a race against four Villa players, who wagered money that one of them would win. Belton defeated them and, when they were unable to pay the bet, one of the Villa players who was responsible for washing the team's kit offered a complete team's "football kits" to Belton in payment. The Aston Villa player subsequently reported to his club that the kit was "missing". This, however, is often disputed.

Thames Ironworks, and later West Ham United, retained the claret yoke/blue sleeves design, but also continued to use their previously favoured colours for their away kits.

Supporters, hooliganism and rivalries

Supporters

I'm forever blowing bubbles,

Pretty bubbles in the air.
They fly so high, nearly reach the sky,
Then like my dreams they fade and die.
Fortune's always hiding,
I've looked everywhere ...
I'm forever blowing bubbles,

pretty bubbles in the air.

— original lyrics to "Bubbles", from John Helliar

The team's supporters are famous for their rendition of the chorus of their team's anthem, "I'm Forever Blowing Bubbles" introduced to the club by former manager Charlie Paynter in the late 1920s. A Pears soap commercial featuring the curly haired child in the Millais' "Bubbles" was well known at the time. The child resembled a player, Billy J. "Bubbles" Murray, from local schoolboy team, Park School, where the headmaster was Cornelius Beal. Beal was known locally for his music and rhyme and wrote special words to the tune of "I'm Forever Blowing Bubbles" whenever any player was having a good game.

Beal was a friend of Paynter, while Murray was a West Ham trialist and played football at schoolboy level with a number of West Ham players such as Jim Barrett. Through this contrivance of association the club's fans took it upon themselves to begin singing the popular music hall tune before home games, sometimes reinforced by the presence of a house band requested to play the refrain by Charlie Paynter.

The 1975 FA Cup version – which contains the original lyrics, and features vocals from the team's then-current players – is always played before home games, with the home crowd joining in and carrying the song on after the music stops at the verse line "Fortune's always hiding". Bubbles was published as a waltz whereas during the game the crowd sing it in common time.

Since the 1950s, fans have also sung the East London pub song Knees Up Mother Brown. The song title is also the name of an internet forum related to the club.

Like other teams, the team also have a history of adopting or adapting popular songs of the day to fit particular events, themes, players or personas. These have included serious renditions of theatre and movie classics such as "The Bells are Ringing", along with more pun-laden or humorous efforts, such as chanting former player Paolo Di Canio's name to the canzone "La donna è mobile" by Giuseppe Verdi, or D.I. Canio to the tune of Ottawan's "D.I.S.C.O.", or the chant of "Who Let The Potts Out?" to the tune of Baha Men's "Who Let the Dogs Out?" when Steve Potts could be seen warming up to come on as substitute late on in his career, or "That's Zamora" to the tune of Dean Martin's 1953 "That's Amore" in honour of former striker Bobby Zamora. Other former players to be serenaded include Christian Dailly with vastly-altered lyrics to Frankie Valli's "Can't Take My Eyes Off You", Joe Cole and Carlton Cole with Spandau Ballet's "Gold" song title sung as "Cole" and Luděk Mikloško. A song for West Ham favourite Bobby Moore, "Viva Bobby Moore", is also sung based on The Business's "Oi!" rendition of the song, based on The Equals' 1969 release "Viva Bobby Joe". In 2016, supporters adapted the lyrics of Billy Ray Cyrus' "Achy Breaky Heart" in honour of Dimitri Payet.

Bow Bells are ringing, for the Claret and Blue,

Bow Bells are ringing, for the Claret and Blue,
When the Hammers are scoring, and the South Bank are roaring,
And the money is pouring, for the Claret and Blue,
Claret and Blue,
No relegation for the Claret and Blue,
Just celebration for the Claret and Blue,
One day we'll win a cup or two, or three,

Or four or more, for West Ham and the Claret and Blue.

— Supporters song to the tune of 'The Bells are Ringing', circa 1960

When the players come onto the pitch, and at other times of celebration, as the song I'm forever blowing bubbles is being sung, around 60 bubble machines produce copious bubbles that rise high into the stadium. Fans gained national attention after giving a torrid time to David Beckham in his first away match of 1998–99 the season after the England midfielder was sent off for a petulant foul on Diego Simeone. Coinciding with the game, there were claims (and an image taken) that fans, organised by a hardcore, had hung an effigy of the player outside a local pub. Although it was later revealed that the pub was in South-East London, the heartland of West Ham's greatest rivals Millwall. The West Ham fans did, however, boo Beckham's every touch of the ball during the game.

They have also displayed a particular zeal when it comes to abusing former players, particularly those who are perceived to have abandoned the club or performed some disservice. Paul Ince, Frank Lampard, Jermain Defoe, Nigel Reo-Coker and Jesse Lingard have famously borne the brunt of verbal assaults and a guaranteed hostile reception at Upton Park. However, players such as Joe Cole, Michael Carrick, Rio Ferdinand, Bobby Zamora and Carlos Tevez receive applause and even standing ovations in honour of their contributions during their time at the club. Joe Cole subsequently rejoined West Ham from Liverpool midway through the 2012–13 season.

Hooliganism

The origins of West Ham's links with hooliganism starts in the 1960s with the establishment of The Mile End Mob (named after an area of the East End of London). During the 1970s and 1980s (the main era for organised football-related violence), West Ham gained further notoriety for the levels of hooliganism in their fan base and antagonistic behaviour towards both their own and rival fans, and the police. During the 1970s in particular, rival groups of West Ham fans from neighbouring areas often did battle with each other at games, most often groups from the neighbouring districts of Barking and Dagenham.

The Inter City Firm were one of the first "casuals", so called because they avoided police supervision by not wearing football-related clothing and travelled to away matches on regular InterCity trains, rather than on the cheap and more tightly policed "football special" charter trains. The group were an infamous West Ham-aligned gang. As the firm's moniker "inter city" suggests violent activities were not confined to local derbies – the hooligans were content to cause trouble at any game, though nearby teams often bore the brunt.

Both the 1989 film The Firm (starring Gary Oldman), and the 2005 film Green Street (starring Elijah Wood and Charlie Hunnam) are based upon West Ham hooligan firms.

Rivalries

West Ham have strong rivalries with several other clubs. Most of these are with other London clubs, especially with Tottenham Hotspur in an East versus North London derby and with Chelsea in an East versus West London rivalry. The rivalry between West Ham and Tottenham has been fuelled by players such as Michael Carrick, Martin Peters, Paul Allen, Jermain Defoe and Scott Parker leaving the Hammers to join Tottenham. The rivalry deepened with the appointment of former Hammers manager Harry Redknapp as Tottenham's manager. Since the 2006–07 Premier League season, West Ham have developed a strong rivalry with Yorkshire club Sheffield United due to the dubious circumstances surrounding the transfer of Carlos Tevez, who helped West Ham avoid relegation at Sheffield United's expense.

The oldest and fiercest rivalry is with Millwall. The two sides are local rivals, having both been founded by employees of local companies, with players living in the same localities. The early history of both clubs are intertwined, with West Ham proving to be the more successful in a number of meetings between the two teams at the time, resulting in West Ham being promoted at the expense of Millwall. Millwall later declined to join the fledgling Football League while West Ham went on to the top division and an FA Cup final. Later in the 1920s, the rivalry was intensified during strike action which Isle of Dogs-based companies (i.e., Millwall fans) refused to support, breeding ill will between the two camps, the bitterness of this betrayal enduring for years. In 1972, a Millwall supporter died at New Cross station after falling out of a train during a fight with West Ham fans.

The rivalry between West Ham and Millwall has involved considerable violence and is one of the most notorious within the world of football hooliganism. The teams were drawn against each other in the second round of the 2009–10 League Cup and met on 25 August 2009 at Upton Park. This was the first time in four years that the two clubs had played each other, and the first ever in the League Cup. Clashes between fans occurred outside the ground, resulting in violence erupting up to half a mile away from the stadium, with serious injuries, including the stabbing of a Millwall supporter, damage to property and several arrests reported by police. There were also several pitch invasions by West Ham supporters which brought a temporary halt to the game. In January 2010, West Ham were fined after being found guilty of violent, threatening, obscene and provocative behaviour and of failing to prevent their fans entering the field of play. Millwall were cleared of all charges.

Nicknames

The team and supporters are known as The Hammers, in part because of the club's origins as Thames Ironworks. They are also known as The Irons.

Stadium

Until 2016, West Ham were based at the Boleyn Ground, commonly known as Upton Park, in Newham, East London. The capacity of the Boleyn Ground was 35,016, and had been West Ham's ground since 1904. Prior to this, in their previous incarnation of Thames Ironworks, they played at Hermit Road in Canning Town and briefly at Browning Road in East Ham, before moving to the Memorial Grounds in Plaistow in 1897. They retained the stadium during their transition to becoming West Ham United and were there for a further four seasons before moving to the Boleyn Ground in 1904.

Former chairman Eggert Magnússon made clear his ambition for West Ham to move to the Olympic Stadium after the 2012 Summer Olympics, a desire reiterated by current chairmen Gold and Sullivan when they assumed control of the club stating that they felt it was a logical move for the government as it was in the borough of Newham.

In February 2010, however, the British Olympic Minister stated that West Ham would not get the stadium, and it would instead be used for track and field. On 17 May 2010, West Ham and Newham London Borough Council submitted a formal plan to the Olympic Park Legacy Company for the use of the Olympic Stadium following the 2012 Summer Olympics. The proposal was for a stadium with a capacity of 60,000 which would retain a competition athletics track. The proposal was welcomed by the chairman of UK athletics, Ed Warner, who said, "I think it will feel great as a football stadium and I speak as a football fan as well the chairman of UK Athletics. I think you'd find West Ham would cover the track in the winter season so it wouldn't look like you had a track between you and the pitch."

On 30 September 2010, the club formally submitted its bid for the Olympic Stadium with a presentation at 10 Downing Street, and on 8 October 2010 the world's largest live entertainment company, Live Nation, endorsed the club's Olympic Stadium plans. Three days after Live Nation's backing, UK Athletics confirmed its formal support for West Ham United and Newham Council in their joint bid to take over the Olympic Stadium in legacy mode. In November 2010, West Ham began a search for potential developers for "informal discussions" about what would happen to the ground if it were to win its bid to take over the Olympic Stadium after the 2012 Games. According to the club, the site could be vacated and open to redevelopment by summer 2014. On 11 February 2011, the Olympic Park Legacy Committee selected West Ham as the preferred club to move into the Olympic Stadium after the 2012 Games.

The decision in favour of West Ham's bid was unanimous, although controversial as local Premier League rivals Tottenham Hotspur had also been bidding for the venue. Hopes of moving to the stadium, however, were since placed under doubt following a legal challenge by Tottenham and Leyton Orient, with Leyton Orient – a perennial (since 1980) tier 3 to tier 5 club – fearful that having West Ham playing less than a mile away from their Brisbane Road ground could steal support from the club and put them out of business. Both clubs' appeals for a judicial review, however, were rejected on 23 June 2011. On 3 March 2011, West Ham's proposed move to the Olympic Stadium was formally approved by the British government and then-Mayor of London Boris Johnson.

On 8 June 2011, it was confirmed that the Westfield Shopping Centre had been in detailed talks with West Ham for naming rights of the new Olympic stadium which could be called the Westfield Stadium. West Ham announced plans to move from the Boleyn Ground from the 2014–15 season. In August 2011, an independent investigation initiated by the Olympic Park Legacy Company upheld the decision to award West Ham the Olympic Stadium after the 2012 Games. On 29 June 2011, however, Tottenham announced that they were returning to the High Court again to fight the decision to award West Ham the stadium, in an oral hearing, to try to overturn the original High Court appeal being rejected. On 25 August 2011, Tottenham and Leyton Orient were in fact granted a judicial review by the High Court into the Olympic Stadium bidding process. On 11 October 2011, the deal to award West Ham the Olympic Stadium collapsed over concerns of legal pressure, with the government deciding that the stadium will stay in public ownership. Six days later, Tottenham and Leyton Orient announced they had ended their legal challenge after the deal collapsed.

Once the original deal collapsed, a new process to select a tenant was begun. West Ham immediately announced plans to become tenants of the stadium. By March 2012, West Ham was one of the four bidders for the stadium. With a decision due by the Olympic Park Legacy Company in May 2012, Mayor of London Boris Johnson delayed the final selection of future tenants until completion of the 2012 Summer Olympics, stating that it was "overwhelmingly likely" that the tenants would be West Ham.

It was announced on 22 March 2013 that West Ham had signed a 99-year lease for the Olympic Stadium after the government agreed to put in an extra £1 million towards the costs of converting the site. The club's plan was to move into the stadium prior to the start of the 2016–17 season. Supporters of rival clubs had pressed for an inquiry into the granting of West Ham's tenancy, arguing that West Ham were being given an unfair advantage by the arrangement. In September 2015, however, the government rejected holding such an inquiry.

The Academy of Football

The club promotes the popular idea of West Ham being "The Academy of Football", with the moniker adorning the ground's new stadium façade. The comment predominantly refers to the club's youth development system which was established by manager Ted Fenton during the 1950s, that has seen a number of international players emerge through the ranks. Most notably, the club contributed three players to the World Cup-winning England side of 1966, including club icon Bobby Moore, as well as Martin Peters and Geoff Hurst who between them scored all of England's goals in the eventual 4–2 victory. Other academy players that have gone on to play for England have included Trevor Brooking, Alvin Martin, Tony Cottee, Paul Ince, and Declan Rice.

Since the late 1990s, Rio Ferdinand, Frank Lampard, Joe Cole, Michael Carrick and Glen Johnson began their careers at West Ham and all went on to play for other clubs. Most recently, the likes of first teamers Mark Noble and James Tomkins, as well as Welsh international Jack Collison, have emerged through the Academy. Frustratingly for fans and managers alike, the club has struggled to retain many of these players due to (predominantly) financial reasons. West Ham, during the 2007–08 season, had an average of 6.61 English players in the starting line up, higher than any other Premier League club, which cemented their status as one of the few Premier League clubs left that were recognised to be bringing through young English talent and were recognised as having "homegrown players". Between 2000 and 2011, the club produced eight England players, as many as Manchester United and one fewer than Arsenal. Much of the success of the academy has been attributed to Tony Carr, who was West Ham youth coach between 1973 and 2014.

Players

Current squad

As of 30 August 2024

Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules; some limited exceptions apply. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.

No. Pos. Nation Player 1 GK  POL Łukasz Fabiański 3 DF  ENG Aaron Cresswell (vice-captain) 4 MF  ESP Carlos Soler (on loan from Paris Saint-Germain) 5 DF  CZE Vladimír Coufal 7 FW  NED Crysencio Summerville 9 FW  JAM Michail Antonio 10 MF  BRA Lucas Paquetá 11 FW  GER Niclas Füllkrug 14 FW  GHA Mohammed Kudus 15 DF  GRE Konstantinos Mavropanos 17 MF  BRA Luis Guilherme 18 FW  ENG Danny Ings

No. Pos. Nation Player 19 MF  MEX Edson Álvarez 20 MF  ENG Jarrod Bowen (captain) 21 GK  ENG Wes Foderingham 23 GK  FRA Alphonse Areola 24 MF  ARG Guido Rodríguez 25 DF  FRA Jean-Clair Todibo (on loan from Nice) 26 DF  ENG Maximilian Kilman 28 MF  CZE Tomáš Souček 29 DF  ENG Aaron Wan-Bissaka 33 DF  ITA Emerson Palmieri 39 MF  SCO Andy Irving

Out on loan

Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules; some limited exceptions apply. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.

No. Pos. Nation Player 8 MF  ENG James Ward-Prowse (on loan to Nottingham Forest until 30 June 2025) 22 FW  CIV Maxwel Cornet (on loan to Southampton until 30 June 2025) 27 DF  MAR Nayef Aguerd (on loan to Real Sociedad until 30 June 2025) 40 MF  ENG George Earthy (on loan to Bristol City until 31 May 2025) 50 FW  NIR Callum Marshall (on loan to Huddersfield Town until 31 May 2025) 53 DF  ENG Levi Laing (on loan to Cheltenham Town until 31 May 2025)

No. Pos. Nation Player 54 MF  NIR Patrick Kelly (on loan to Doncaster Rovers until 31 May 2025) 65 DF  NIR Michael Forbes (on loan at Bristol Rovers until 31 May 2025) — GK  HUN Krisztián Hegyi (on loan to Motherwell until 31 May 2025) — DF  FRA Kurt Zouma (on loan to Al-Orobah until 30 June 2025) — MF  FRA Mohamadou Kanté (on loan at Paris FC until 31 May 2025)

Under-21s

Former players

Retired numbers

• 6 Bobby Moore, Defender (1958–74) – posthumous honour
• 38 Dylan Tombides, Striker (2010–14) – posthumous honour

Club captains

Dates	Name	Notes
1895–97	Bob Stevenson
1897–99	Walter Tranter
1899	Tom Bradshaw	Bradshaw died on Christmas Day 1899.
1899–01	Charlie Dove
1901–03	Unknown
c.1903–04	Ernest Watts
1904–07	David Gardner
1907–11	Frank Piercy
1911–14	Tommy Randall
1914–15	Dick Leafe
1915–22	Billy Cope	Also captained fixtures during World War I.
1922–25	George Kay
1925–26	Billy Moore
1926–28	Jack Hebden
1928–32	Stanley Earle
1932–37	Jim Barrett
1937–46	Charles Bicknell	Remained captain for fixtures during World War II.
1946–51	Dick Walker	Following his retirement, he helped to clean the boots of younger players
1951–57	Malcolm Allison	Fell ill with tuberculosis after a game in 1957 and consequently had a lung removed
1957–60	Noel Cantwell	First captain not from the United Kingdom
1960–62	Phil Woosnam
1962–74	Bobby Moore
1974–84	Billy Bonds
1984–90	Alvin Martin
1990–92	Ian Bishop
1992–93	Julian Dicks
1993–96	Steve Potts
1996–97	Julian Dicks
1997–2001	Steve Lomas
2001–03	Paolo Di Canio	First captain not from the British Isles
2003	Joe Cole
2003–05	Christian Dailly
2005–07	Nigel Reo-Coker
2007–09	Lucas Neill	First captain from outside Europe
2009–11	Matthew Upson
2011–15	Kevin Nolan
2015–22	Mark Noble
2022–23	Declan Rice
2023–24	Kurt Zouma
2024–	Jarrod Bowen

West Ham dream team

In the 2003 book The Official West Ham United Dream Team, 500 fans were quizzed for who would be in their all time Hammers Eleven. The voting was restricted to players from the modern era.

1	GK	ENG	Phil Parkes
2	DF	SCO	Ray Stewart
3	DF	ENG	Julian Dicks
4	MF	ENG	Billy Bonds
5	DF	ENG	Alvin Martin
6	DF	ENG	Bobby Moore (captain)
7	MF	ENG	Martin Peters
8	MF	ENG	Trevor Brooking
9	FW	ENG	Geoff Hurst
10	FW	ITA	Paolo Di Canio
11	MF	ENG	Alan Devonshire

Hammer of the Year

The following is a list of recipients of the 'Hammer of the Year' award. The first award, to Andy Malcolm in 1957–58, was nominated by a journalist at The Stratford Express. Subsequent recipients would be awarded the title after a vote by supporters. Trevor Brooking was the first player for West Ham United to have been honoured with the title of Hammer of the Year three times in a row in 1976, 1977 and 1978. Scott Parker repeated this feat between 2009 and 2011. Brooking has won the award the most times, on five occasions: 1972, 1976, 1977, 1978 and 1984. Bobby Moore, Billy Bonds and Julian Dicks have each won it four times.

Bobby Moore has been runner-up four times, while Billy Bonds and Tony Cottee have both been runners-up three times.

Billy Bonds and Trevor Brooking's wins are notable in the amount of time between first and last Hammer of the Year award. Bonds has 16 years separating his wins whilst Brooking has 12.

Year Winner Runner-up 1958 Andy Malcolm – 1959 Ken Brown 1960 Malcolm Musgrove 1961 Bobby Moore 1962 Lawrie Leslie John Dick 1963 Bobby Moore Jim Standen 1964 Johnny Byrne Bobby Moore 1965 Martin Peters 1966 Geoff Hurst Martin Peters 1967 Bobby Moore 1968 Bobby Moore Trevor Brooking 1969 Geoff Hurst Billy Bonds 1970 Bobby Moore 1971 Billy Bonds Bobby Moore 1972 Trevor Brooking Bobby Ferguson 1973 Pop Robson Trevor Brooking 1974 Billy Bonds Mervyn Day 1975 1976 Trevor Brooking Graham Paddon 1977 Alan Devonshire 1978 – 1979 Alan Devonshire Pop Robson 1980 Alvin Martin Ray Stewart 1981 Phil Parkes Geoff Pike 1982 Alvin Martin Trevor Brooking 1983 Phil Parkes 1984 Trevor Brooking Tony Cottee 1985 Paul Allen 1986 Tony Cottee Frank McAvennie 1987 Billy Bonds Mark Ward 1988 Stewart Robson Billy Bonds 1989 Paul Ince Julian Dicks 1990 Julian Dicks Stuart Slater

Year Winner Runner-up 1991 Luděk Mikloško George Parris 1992 Julian Dicks Steve Potts 1993 Steve Potts Kevin Keen 1994 Trevor Morley Steve Potts 1995 Steve Potts Tony Cottee 1996 Julian Dicks Iain Dowie 1997 Slaven Bilić 1998 Rio Ferdinand Steve Lomas 1999 Shaka Hislop Ian Pearce 2000 Paolo Di Canio Trevor Sinclair 2001 Stuart Pearce Paolo Di Canio 2002 Sébastien Schemmel Joe Cole 2003 Joe Cole Jermain Defoe 2004 Matthew Etherington Michael Carrick 2005 Teddy Sheringham Mark Noble 2006 Danny Gabbidon Marlon Harewood 2007 Carlos Tevez Bobby Zamora 2008 Robert Green George McCartney 2009 Scott Parker Robert Green 2010 Alessandro Diamanti 2011 Robert Green 2012 Mark Noble James Tomkins 2013 Winston Reid Jussi Jääskeläinen 2014 Mark Noble Adrián 2015 Aaron Cresswell 2016 Dimitri Payet Michail Antonio 2017 Michail Antonio Manuel Lanzini 2018 Marko Arnautović Declan Rice 2019 Łukasz Fabiański Declan Rice 2020 Declan Rice Angelo Ogbonna 2021 Tomáš Souček Vladimír Coufal 2022 Declan Rice Jarrod Bowen 2023 Saïd Benrahma 2024 Jarrod Bowen Mohammed Kudus

Lifetime Achievement Award

In 2013, West Ham United introduced a new annual award, the West Ham United Lifetime Achievement Award.

The first award was presented to club-record appearance maker Billy Bonds, who picked up the award on the pitch at Upton Park before kick-off against Cardiff City on the opening day of the 2013–14 season.

The 2014 award was presented to Sir Trevor Brooking, a record five-time winner of the Hammer of the Year award. Brooking received the award before the 2014–15 season curtain-raiser against Tottenham Hotspur on 16 August 2014. Brooking had already had the Centenary Stand at the Boleyn ground named after him in 2009.

The 2015 award was awarded to Martin Peters.

On 3 May 2016, it was announced via the club's official website that the fourth recipient of the award would be Sir Geoff Hurst, the club's second all-time leading goalscorer, and scorer of a hat-trick in the 1966 World Cup Final. Hurst would be honoured at the club's 2015/16 Player Awards Ceremony. Ken Brown became the sixth recipient of the award, in April 2018. The 2019 honour was awarded to midfielder Ronnie Boyce who made his debut for West Ham in 1960.

Year Winner 2013 Billy Bonds MBE 2014 Sir Trevor Brooking 2015 Martin Peters MBE 2016 Sir Geoff Hurst 2017 Bobby Moore OBE 2018 Ken Brown 2019 Ronnie Boyce

Mark Noble Young Hammer of the Year Award

In honour of Mark Noble, who was also the award winner in 2004, and had been serving the club since 2000 and retired in 2022, the Young Hammer of the Year award was renamed to Mark Noble Young Hammer of the Year Award on 9 May 2022.

Year	Winner
2003	Glen Johnson
2004	Mark Noble
2005	Mark Noble (2)
2006	Anton Ferdinand
2007	Junior Stanislas
2008	James Tomkins
2009	Jack Collison
2010	Zavon Hines
2011	Freddie Sears
2012	Dan Potts
2013	George Moncur
2014	Sam Howes
2015	Reece Burke
2016	Reece Oxford
2017	/ Declan Rice
2018	/ Declan Rice (2)
2019	/ Declan Rice (3)
2020	Nathan Holland
2021	Ben Johnson
2022	Ben Johnson (2)
2023	Divin Mubama
2024	George Earthy

Current staff

As of 2 July 2024

Staff and directors

Coaching staff

Position	Name
Head coach	Julen Lopetegui
Assistant head coach	Pablo Sanz
Head of performance & assistant coach	Oscar Caro
Head of analysis & assistant coach	Juan Vicente Peinado
First team goalkeeper coach	Xavi Valero
Fitness coach	Borja de Alba
Technical coach	Edu Rubio
Academy manager & head of coaching and player development	Terry Westley
Academy operations and player development manager	Ricky Martin
Head of medical services	Richard Collinge
First team rehabilitation fitness coach	Eamon Swift
First team physiotherapist	Dominic Rogan

Managers

West Ham United have had 18 permanent managers in their history and an additional three caretaker managers.

Manager	Caretaker Manager	Period	G	W	D	L	Win %	Honours/Notes (major honours shown in bold)
Syd King		1901–32	638	248	146	244	38.87	Club's longest serving manager (31 years). FA Cup runners-up 1923
Charlie Paynter		1932–50	480	198	116	166	41.25
Ted Fenton		1950–61	484	193	107	184	39.87	Division Two Champions 1957–58
Ron Greenwood		1961–74	613	215	165	233	35.07	FA Cup winners 1964, UEFA Cup Winners Cup winners 1965. League Cup runners-up 1966.
John Lyall		1974–89	708	277	176	255	39.12	FA Cup winners 1975, 1980. Highest league finish in club's history (3rd in Division One 1985–86). UEFA Cup Winners' Cup runners-up 1976; League Cup runners-up 1981.
Lou Macari		1989–90	38	14	12	12	36.84
	Ronnie Boyce	1990	1	0	1	0	0.00
Billy Bonds		1990–94	227	99	61	67	43.61
Harry Redknapp		1994–01	327	121	85	121	37.00	UEFA Intertoto Cup joint winners 1999 (European qualification). Club's highest Premier League finish (5th, 1998–99)
Glenn Roeder		2001–03	86	27	23	36	31.40
	Trevor Brooking	2003	14	9	4	1	64.29
Alan Pardew		2003–06	163	67	38	58	41.10	Championship Play-off Winners 2005, FA Cup runners-up 2006 (UEFA Cup qualification)
Alan Curbishley		2006–08	71	28	14	29	39.44
	Kevin Keen	2008	1	0	0	1	0.00
Gianfranco Zola		2008–10	80	23	21	36	28.75	Club's first non-British manager.
Avram Grant		2010–11	47	15	12	20	31.91	Club's first non EU manager.
	Kevin Keen	2011	1	0	0	1	0.00
Sam Allardyce		2011–15	181	68	46	67	37.57	Championship Play-off Winners 2012.
Slaven Bilić		2015–17	111	42	30	39	37.84
David Moyes		2017–18	31	9	10	12	29.03
Manuel Pellegrini		2018–19	64	24	11	29	37.50
David Moyes		2019–2024	231	103	45	83	44.59	UEFA Europa Conference League winners 2023. Highest win percentage of club's permanent managers. Highest Premier League win percentage of club's Premier League era managers.
Julen Lopetegui		2024–	12	4	2	6	33.33

Ownership and chairmen

In January 2010, David Sullivan and David Gold acquired a 50% share in West Ham, given them overall operational and commercial control. At the end of May 2010, Gold and Sullivan purchased a further 10% stake in the club at a cost of £8 million. Taking their controlling stake to 60%, they announced that they could open up shares for fans to purchase. On 9 August 2010, Gold and Sullivan increased their shares up to 30.6% each with "minority investors", (which included former owner Terry Brown, purchasing a further 3.8% of the club at a cost of around −4 million) leaving Icelandic Straumur Investment Bank owning 35% of the club.

On 2 July 2013, Sullivan acquired a further 25% of shares after restructuring the debt of the club, leaving Straumur Bank with just 10%. In order to clear club debts before a move to the Olympic Stadium in 2016, in December 2014 Sullivan announced the availability for sale of 20% of the club. The clearing of club debts, given in July 2013 as £70 million, was given as a pre-condition to a move to the Olympic Stadium.

In September 2017, American billionaire J. Albert "Tripp" Smith, senior management director of Blackstone Inc., bought 10% of the shares of the club. On 10 November 2021, the club announced Czech billionaire Daniel Křetínský had acquired 27% of the shares of the club, reducing Gold and Sullivan's shares.

Co-chairman David Gold died on 4 January 2023, leaving Sullivan as the sole chairman. Seven months later, Gold's daughter Vanessa became joint-chair with Sullivan.

European record

Honours

Sources:

Domestic

League

• Second Division / First Division / Championship (level 2)
  • Champions: 1957–58, 1980–81
  • Runners-up: 1922–23, 1990–91, 1992–93
  • Play-off winners: 2005, 2012

Cups

• FA Cup
  • Winners: 1963–64, 1974–75, 1979–80
  • Runners-up: 1922–23, 2005–06
• League Cup
  • Runners-up: 1965–66, 1980–81
• FA Charity Shield
  • Winners: 1964 (shared)
  • Runners-up: 1975, 1980
• Football League War Cup
  • Winners: 1940

European

• European Cup Winners' Cup
  • Winners: 1964–65
  • Runners-up: 1975–76
• UEFA Europa Conference League
  • Winners: 2022–23
• UEFA Intertoto Cup
  • Winners: 1999
• Anglo-Italian League Cup
  • Runners-up: 1975

International

• International Soccer League
  • Winners: 1963
• American Challenge Cup
  • Runners-up: 1963

Minor titles

• Southern League Division One: Highest placing: 3rd, 1912–13
• Southern League Division Two: 1898–99
  • London champions: 1898–99
• Western League: 1906–07
  • Section B champions: 1906–07
• London League: 1897–98, 1901–02
• London Challenge Cup
  • Winners: (9): 1924–25, 1925–26, 1929–30, 1946–47, 1948–49, 1952–53, 1956–57, 1967–68, 1968–69
    • Runners-up (5): 1912–13, 1932–33, 1954–55, 1957–58, 1958–59
• Southern Floodlit Cup: 1956
• Essex Professional Cup: 1951, 1955 (shared), 1959
• West Ham Charity Cup: 1896
• London Combination: 1916–17, runners-up: 1915–16 (Supplementary Tournament), 1917–18
• League South A runners-up: 1939–40
• League South C: runners-up: 1939–40
• Regional League South runners-up: 1940–41
• League South runners-up: 1943–44, 1944–45

Other awards

• BBC Sports Personality of the Year Team Award: 1965
• UNESCO Fair Play Trophy: 1966 (shared with 1860 Munich)
• Honorary Degree (awarded to the club) in 2009 by the University of East London

Statistics and records

Attendance

• Record attendance: 62,478 vs Leeds United, Premier League, 21 May 2023
  • At the Boleyn Ground: 42,322 v Tottenham Hotspur, Division One, 17 October 1970
• Lowest league attendance: 4,373 v Doncaster Rovers, Division Two, 24 February 1955

Transfers

• Biggest transfer fee paid: £51.2 million to Lyon for Lucas Paquetá, 29 August 2022
• Biggest transfer fee received: £100 million from Arsenal for Declan Rice, 15 July 2023

Record results and performances

Victories

• League:
• Premier League:
  • Home: 6–0 v Barnsley, 10 January 1998
  • Away: 5–0 v Derby County, 10 November 2007
• Division One:
  • Home: 8–0 v Sunderland, 19 October 1968
  • Away: 6–1 v Manchester City, 8 September 1962
• Division Two:
  • Home: 8–0 v Rotherham United, 8 March 1958
  • Away: 6–0 v Leicester City, 15 February 1923
• FA Cup:
  • Home: 8–1 v Chesterfield (round one), 10 January 1914
  • Away: 5–0 v Chatham Town (fifth qualifying round), 28 November 1903
• League Cup:
  • Home: 10–0 v Bury (round two second leg) (12–1 aggregate scoreline), 25 October 1983
  • Away: 5–1 v Cardiff City (semi-final second leg) (10–3 aggregate scoreline), 2 February 1966
  • Away: 5–1 v Walsall (round two), 13 September 1967
• European Cup Winners' Cup:
  • Home: 5–1 v Castilla CF (round one second leg) (6–4 aggregate scoreline), 1 October 1980
  • Away: 2–1 v Lausanne (quarter final second leg), (6–4 aggregate scoreline) 16 March 1965
• UEFA Cup/Europa League:
  • Home: 5–0 v Freiburg (round of 16 second leg), 14 March 2024
  • Away: 3–0 v Lyon (quarter final second leg), (4–1 aggregate score line) 14 April 2022

Defeats

• League:
• Premier League:
  • Home: 0–6 v Arsenal, 11 February 2024
  • Away: 0–6 v Everton, 8 May 1999
• Division One:
  • Home: 2–8 v Blackburn Rovers, 26 December 1963
  • Away: 0–7 v Sheffield Wednesday, 28 November 1959
• Division Two:
  • Away: 0–7 v Barnsley, 1 September 1919
• FA Cup:
  • Away: 0–6 v Manchester United (fourth round), 26 January 2003
• League Cup:
  • Away: 0–6 v Oldham Athletic (semi-final first leg), 14 February 1990
  • Away: 0–6 v Manchester City (semi-final first leg), 8 January 2014
• European Cup Winners' Cup:
  • Home: 1–4 v Dinamo Tbilisi (quarter final first leg) (2–4 aggregate scoreline), 4 March 1981
  • Away: 2–4 v FC Den Haag (quarter final first leg) (5–5 aggregate scoreline, West Ham won on away goals), 3 March 1976
  • Neutral: 2–4 v Anderlecht (Final), 5 May 1976
• UEFA Cup:
  • Home: 0–1 v Palermo (round one first leg), 14 September 2006
  • Away: 0–3 v Palermo (round one second leg), 28 September 2006

Club league highs and lows

Highest league finish

• 3rd in First Division (level 1), 1985–86

Club goal records

• Most league goals in a season:
  • 101, Division Two (1957–58)
• Top league scorer in a season:
  • Vic Watson (42) Div. One (1929–30)
• Top scorer in a season:
  • Vic Watson (50) Div. One (1929–30)
• Most goals in one match:
  • Vic Watson (6) v Leeds United (h) 9 February 1929
  • Geoff Hurst (6) v Sunderland (h) 19 October 1968

Follow link to Official West Ham United Records Page

Player records

In popular culture

• In the British sitcom Till Death Us Do Part and its follow-on and spin-off series Till Death... and In Sickness and in Health the character Alf Garnett's biggest passion in life was his local football team West Ham United and featured throughout the run of the show. There were a number of episodes that focused on Alfs support of West Ham such as Season 4's Episode 5 "Up The Hammers", and in particular his idolising of club heroes such as Bobby Moore and Martin Peters who both feature in the same episode.
• The 2022 action film Bullet Train features two British assassins - Tangerine and Lemon - who are diehard West Ham United fans. The film features several renditions of the club's theme song, including one featuring Engelbert Humperdinck as the singer.

See also

References

1. "Important supporter update – capacity increase, West Stand reconfiguration & 2022/23 ticketing | West Ham United F.C." www.whufc.com.
2. "Club Statement". West Ham United F.C. Retrieved 3 August 2023.
3. "Ownership". West Ham United F.C. Retrieved 10 November 2021.
4. "West Ham United - Historical Football Kits". Historicalkits. Retrieved 11 July 2020.
5. "The History of West Ham United 1895–1896". Spartacus Educational. Retrieved 15 August 2009.
6. Dale, Iain (1 August 2011). West Ham: A Nostalgic Look at a Century of the Club. Haynes Publishing. p. 10. ISBN 978-0-857330-45-1.
7. "West Ham United". Retrieved 12 September 2014.
8. ^ 'Richard Rundle. "Source for Thames Ironworks statistics". Football Club History Database. Retrieved 15 August 2009.
9. "East London History regarding Thames Ironworks". EastLondonHistory.com. Archived from the original on 13 February 2006.
10. "Pg24, citing study into West Hams community ties" (PDF). Leeds Metropolitan University. Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 January 2005.
11. ^ 'Richard Rundle. "Source for West Ham statistics". Football Club History Database. Retrieved 15 August 2009.
12. Northcutt, John; Roy Shoesmith (1993). West Ham United: A Complete Record. Derby: Breedon Books. p. 198. ISBN 978-1-873626-44-3.
13. "Game played on 18 March 1933". westhamstats.info. Retrieved 5 October 2013.
14. "1st Division 1931–32". westhamstats.info. Retrieved 5 October 2013.
15. Ronay, Barney (5 August 2010). The Manager: The absurd ascent of the most important man in football. Hachette Digital. ISBN 978-0-7481-1770-3. Retrieved 5 October 2013.
16. Helliar, John (15 October 2010). "Malcolm Allison 1927–2010". West Ham United F.C. Archived from the original on 25 October 2010. Retrieved 5 October 2013.
17. "Ted Fenton biography". Spartacus Educational. Retrieved 4 October 2013.
18. "A brief history of West ham United". ESPN. Retrieved 4 October 2013.
19. "Tributes pour in for Bond". West Ham United. Archived from the original on 28 September 2012. Retrieved 4 October 2013.
20. "England managers: How Roy Hodgson's predecessors fared". The Independent. London. 1 May 2012. Archived from the original on 4 October 2013. Retrieved 4 October 2013.
21. ^ "Obituary: Ron Greenwood". BBC Sport. 9 February 2006. Retrieved 4 October 2013.
22. "World Cup Hammers". West Ham United F.C. Archived from the original on 3 June 2010. Retrieved 4 October 2013.
23. "Bonzo plays tribute". West Ham United F.C. Archived from the original on 4 October 2013. Retrieved 4 October 2013.
24. "Champions Sculpture". London Borough of Newham. 14 January 2008. Archived from the original on 5 October 2013. Retrieved 4 October 2013.
25. "Former West Ham boss Lyall dies". BBC Sport. 19 April 2006. Retrieved 4 October 2013.
26. "Hammeralelia Wembley special". West Ham United F.C. Archived from the original on 4 October 2013. Retrieved 4 October 2013.
27. "Hammers nail Fulham". The FA. Retrieved 4 October 2013.
28. "Anderlecht deny European repeat". West Ham United F.C. Archived from the original on 7 December 2011. Retrieved 4 October 2013.
29. "Ron Greenwood". The Football Association. Archived from the original on 28 April 2012. Retrieved 4 October 2013.
30. Bevan, Chris (1 January 2010). "When the Hammers shocked Arsenal". BBC Sport. Retrieved 4 October 2013.
31. "West Ham 1 Everton 1". The Times. Retrieved 4 October 2013.
32. Julie Welch (20 April 2006). "Obituary John Lyall". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 29 April 2010.
33. Blowers, Steve (2005). Nearly Reached the Sky. Football World. p. 18. ISBN 978-0-9548336-8-8.
34. "Lou Macari". swindon-town-fc.co.uk. Retrieved 30 May 2013.
35. Blows, Kirk (2000). The Essential History of West Ham United. Headline Book publishing. p. 193. ISBN 978-0-7472-7036-2.
36. Pierson, Mark (27 January 1997). "Football: West Ham fear FA censure over pitch invasion". The Independent. London. Archived from the original on 5 October 2013. Retrieved 30 May 2013.
37. May, John (3 December 2002). "Who IS Terence Brown?". BBC Sport. Retrieved 30 May 2013.
38. The Essential History of West Ham United. pp. 197, 198.
39. Kirkby, Darren. "Peter Storrie". When Saturday Comes. Archived from the original on 24 May 2012. Retrieved 30 May 2013.
40. "1st Division 1992–93". westhamstats.info. Retrieved 30 May 2013.
41. "On this day 2 May". West Ham United F.C. Archived from the original on 4 October 2013. Retrieved 30 May 2013.
42. "I was sold to save United says Beauchamp". Heraldseries.co.uk. 22 June 1994. Retrieved 16 June 2010.
43. "Coventry ask Babb bidders to raise offers Liverpool made to wait". The Independent. Archived from the original on 6 October 2014. Retrieved 12 September 2014.
44. "Billy Bonds". football-england.com. Archived from the original on 3 July 2013. Retrieved 18 August 2013.
45. ^ Blow, Kirk (2010). Bring Me the Head of Trevor Brooking. Edinburgh: Mainstream Publishing Company. p. 136. ISBN 978-1-84596-661-4.
46. Crace, John (18 April 2013). Harry's Games The Biography of H. Little, Brown Book. ISBN 978-1-78033-912-2. Retrieved 19 August 2013.
47. ^ "Soccerbase – West Ham managers". soccerbase.com. Retrieved 18 August 2013.
48. ^ Dyer, Ken (8 November 2001). "Redknapp blamed for West Ham loss". London Evening Standard. Retrieved 14 August 2013.
49. ^ "Harry Leaves his legacy". BBC Sport. 9 May 2001. Retrieved 14 August 2013.
50. "Sport: Football: News". BBC Sport. 13 July 1998. Retrieved 18 August 2013.
51. Hills, Dave (6 August 2000). "The 10 worst foreign signings of all time". The Guardian. Retrieved 18 August 2013.
52. "Premier League 1994–95". westhamstats.info. Retrieved 19 August 2013.
53. "Premier League 1996–97". westhamstats.info. Retrieved 19 August 2013.
54. "On this day – 24 August". West Ham United F.C. Archived from the original on 27 August 2013. Retrieved 5 October 2013.
55. ^ "Cash row key to Redknapp exit". BBC Sport. 12 May 2001. Retrieved 15 August 2013.
56. "Chelsea land Lampard". BBC Sport. 14 June 2001. Retrieved 18 August 2013.
57. ^ "Flown from the nest – Glenn Roeder". ex-canaries.co.uk. Retrieved 15 August 2013.
58. "Roeder signs Hutchison". BBC Sport. 30 August 2001. Retrieved 19 August 2013.
59. "Repka – Signed and sealed". West Ham United F.C. Archived from the original on 4 October 2013. Retrieved 19 August 2013.
60. "Premier League 2001-2". westhamstats.info. Retrieved 13 August 2013.
61. ^ "Hammers appoint Brooking". BBC Sport. 24 April 2003. Retrieved 17 August 2013.
62. "West Ham relegated". BBC Sport. 11 May 2003. Retrieved 17 August 2013.
63. "West Ham sack Roeder". BBC Sport. 24 August 2003. Retrieved 17 August 2013.
64. Stadium, Rob Maul at Priestfield (21 September 2003). "Gillingham 2 West Ham 0: Defoe goes as Gills win". The Sunday Times. Archived from the original on 4 October 2013. Retrieved 17 August 2013.
65. "Ranking West Ham Managers". ftbpro.com. Archived from the original on 4 October 2013. Retrieved 19 August 2013.
66. Davies, Christopher (19 September 2003). "Madejski fury as Pardew is released". The Daily Telegraph. London. Archived from the original on 10 January 2022. Retrieved 18 August 2013.
67. Brodkin, Jon (19 September 2003). "Pardew is a Hammer - in a month". The Guardian – via www.theguardian.com.
68. Johnson, Dale (16 August 2006). "Pardew out to build on impressive return". ESPN. Archived from the original on 4 October 2013. Retrieved 15 August 2013.
69. "Pardew's Harewood challenge". London Evening Standard. 1 December 2003. Retrieved 18 August 2013.
70. Goss, Patrick. "Pardew: Deane could be key". Sky Sports. Retrieved 18 August 2013.
71. "Crystal Palace 1–0 West Ham". BBC Sport. 29 May 2004. Retrieved 18 August 2013.
72. "West Ham 1–0 Preston". BBC Sport. 30 May 2005. Retrieved 17 August 2013.
73. "Pardew joy at Hammers promotion". BBC Sport. 30 May 2005. Retrieved 17 August 2013.
74. "Final 2005/2006 English Premier Table". Soccerbase. Archived from the original on 1 October 2007. Retrieved 12 August 2007.
75. "West Ham sign Tevez & Mascherano". BBC Sport. 31 August 2006. Retrieved 12 August 2007.
76. "West Ham accept £85m takeover bid". BBC Sport. 21 November 2006. Retrieved 12 September 2014.
77. "Pardew sacked as West Ham manager". BBC Sport. 11 December 2006. Retrieved 12 September 2014.
78. "Curbishley named West Ham manager". BBC Sport. 13 December 2006. Retrieved 12 September 2014.
79. Huggins, Trevor (27 April 2007). "West Ham given record fine over transfers". Reuters. Archived from the original on 29 June 2018. Retrieved 11 July 2018.
80. Paul Doyle (3 May 2007). "Whelan on Warpath". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 29 April 2010.
81. Nurse, Howard (13 May 2007). "Manchester United 0–1 West Ham". BBC Sport. Retrieved 5 October 2013.
82. "Injured Bellamy out for six weeks". BBC Sport. 21 February 2008. Retrieved 5 October 2013.
83. Sharma, Rik; Bodimeade, Matt (22 September 2011). "Happy returns? Making a comeback from a lengthy lay-off". The Independent. London. Archived from the original on 5 October 2013. Retrieved 5 October 2013.
84. "Curbishley quits as West Ham boss". BBC Sport. 3 September 2008. Retrieved 7 October 2013.
85. Ashdown, John (11 September 2008). "West Ham unveil Zola as new manager". The Guardian. UK. Retrieved 12 September 2008.
86. Shea, Julian (15 August 2009). "Wolves 0–2 West Ham". BBC Sport. Retrieved 7 October 2013.
87. "Mass violence mars London derby". BBC News. 25 August 2009. Retrieved 29 August 2009.
88. "Diamanti signs". West Ham United FC. 28 August 2009. Archived from the original on 30 August 2009. Retrieved 29 August 2009.
89. ^ "Premier League 2009–10". westhamstats.info. Retrieved 5 October 2013.
90. "West Ham 3–2 Wigan". BBC Sport. 24 April 2010. Retrieved 5 October 2013.
91. "West Ham United statement". West Ham United F.C. 11 May 2010. Archived from the original on 13 May 2010. Retrieved 11 May 2010.
92. "Avram Grant confirmed as West Ham United manager". BBC Sport. 3 June 2010. Retrieved 3 June 2010.
93. Chowdhury, Saj (5 January 2011). "Newcastle 5–0 West Ham". BBC Sport. Retrieved 14 January 2011.
94. "West Ham's Grant stays calm after 5–0 loss to Newcastle". BBC Sport. 5 January 2011. Retrieved 14 January 2011.
95. Whyatt, Chris (30 November 2010). "West Ham 4–0 Manchester United". BBC Sport. Retrieved 14 January 2011.
96. McNulty, Phil (26 January 2011). "Birmingham 3–1 West Ham". BBC Sport. Retrieved 5 October 2013.
97. "Stoke City 2–1 West Ham". BBC Sport. 13 March 2011. Retrieved 5 October 2013.
98. "West Ham part company with Avram Grant". BBC Sport. 16 May 2011. Retrieved 17 May 2011.
99. "Sam's the man". West Ham United F.C. 1 June 2011. Archived from the original on 4 June 2011. Retrieved 1 June 2011.
100. Gibbs, Thom (19 May 2012). "Blackpool v West Ham United: live". The Daily Telegraph. London. Archived from the original on 10 January 2022.
101. "Hammers return for 'Ginge'". West Ham United F.C. Archived from the original on 4 August 2012. Retrieved 25 September 2012.
102. "McCartney completes Hammers switch". West Ham United F.C. Archived from the original on 4 July 2012. Retrieved 25 September 2012.
103. "Jarvis joins Hammers". West Ham United F.C. Archived from the original on 27 August 2012. Retrieved 25 September 2012.
104. "Hammers net Carroll". West Ham United F.C. Archived from the original on 31 August 2012. Retrieved 25 September 2012.
105. "West Ham United 1–0 Aston Villa FT". West Ham United F.C. Archived from the original on 21 August 2012. Retrieved 25 September 2012.
106. "West Ham 3–1 Chelsea". BBC Sport. December 2012. Retrieved 21 May 2013.
107. "Reading 1–0 West Ham". BBC Sport. 29 December 2012. Retrieved 21 May 2013.
108. "Olympic Stadium: Barry Hearn calls for judicial review". BBC Sport. 6 March 2013. Retrieved 21 March 2013.
109. "West Ham 4–2 Reading". BBC Sport. 19 May 2013. Retrieved 21 May 2013.
110. "West Ham United 2013–14 season". statto.com. Archived from the original on 20 April 2015. Retrieved 1 May 2015.
111. "West Ham 0–3 Manchester City". BBC Sport. 21 January 2014. Retrieved 1 May 2015.
112. Jackson, Jamie (9 January 2014). "West Ham's travelling fans call on Sam Allardyce to go after 6–0 thrashing". The Guardian. Retrieved 1 May 2015.
113. "Sam Allardyce: West Ham boss shocked by boos after Hull win". BBC Sport. 26 March 2014. Retrieved 1 May 2015.
114. "Allardyce: Criticism nonsense". Sporting Life. UK. Archived from the original on 26 May 2015. Retrieved 1 May 2015.
115. McNulty, Phil (24 May 2015). "West Ham: Sam Allardyce says decision to leave 'was mutual'". BBC Sport. Retrieved 26 May 2015.
116. "West Ham qualify for Europa League through Fair Play system". BBC Sport. 26 May 2015. Retrieved 26 May 2015.
117. "Hammers appoint Bilic". West Ham United F.C. Archived from the original on 11 June 2015. Retrieved 9 June 2015.
118. "Liverpool 0–3 West Ham United". BBC Sport. Retrieved 3 September 2015.
119. "Stat's a Fact – 2015/16 Season". West Ham United F.C. 16 May 2016. Archived from the original on 20 May 2016. Retrieved 22 May 2016.
120. "Hammers qualify for UEFA Europa League". West Ham United F.C. 21 May 2016. Archived from the original on 24 May 2016. Retrieved 22 May 2016.
121. "West Ham 2016/17 Premier League season review". Retrieved 6 November 2017.
122. "David Moyes Departs West Ham After Expiration of His Contract". Bleacher Report. Retrieved 22 May 2018.
123. "West Ham: Manuel Pellegrini named new manager at London Stadium". BBC Sport. 22 May 2018. Retrieved 22 May 2018.
124. "West Ham United statement | West Ham United". www.whufc.com.
125. "West Ham re-appoint David Moyes on 18-month deal". Sky Sports.
126. "West Ham secure safety with Old Trafford draw". Premier League. 22 July 2020.
127. "Mark Noble slams West Ham United board over sale of Grady Diangana with social media post". football.london. 4 September 2020.
128. "West Ham United 2–1 Aston Villa". BBC Sport. 30 November 2020.
129. "West Ham United qualify for UEFA Europa League with final-day win over Southampton". West Ham United F.C. 23 May 2021.
130. "David Moyes: West Ham manager signs new three-year deal". Sky Sports.
131. "Premier League 2021-22". West Ham Stats. Retrieved 22 May 2022.
132. "West Ham United 2–0 Sevilla". BBC Sport. 17 March 2022. Retrieved 22 May 2022.
133. "West Ham stun Lyon to reach Europa League semis". BBC Sport.
134. "Frankfurt end West Ham's European dream". BBC Sport.
135. "Brighton & Hove Albion 3–1 West Ham United". BBC Sport. Retrieved 22 May 2022.
136. "European places in Premier League for 2022-2023: Full breakdown of qualification scenarios". www.sportingnews.com. 5 May 2022.
137. "West Ham United v Leeds United - All You Need To Know". West Ham United F.C. 19 May 2023. Retrieved 10 June 2023.
138. "David Moyes' low-risk formula points to a summer change for West Ham". The Guardian. 15 April 2023. Retrieved 10 June 2023.
139. ^ "Noble to return to West Ham as sporting director". BBC Sport. Retrieved 6 January 2023.
140. "Premier League 2022-23". West Ham Stats. Retrieved 10 June 2023.
141. "Europa Conference League: Bowen gives West Ham late lead". BBC Sport. 6 June 2023. Retrieved 7 June 2023.
142. "The long Moyes West Ham goodbye is over - what will his legacy be?". BBC Sport. 6 May 2024. Retrieved 13 May 2024.
143. "Moyes' impressive West Ham legacy". BBC Sport. 13 May 2024. Retrieved 13 May 2024.
144. "Julen Lopetegui Appointed West Ham United Head Coach". West Ham United. 23 May 2024. Retrieved 23 May 2024.
145. The shipbuilding description that follows comes from Brian Belton's book 'The Thames Ironworks' Chapter 5
146. Archived material from LB of Newham website, description of each element of the coat of arms https://web.archive.org/web/20130602073325/http://apps.newham.gov.uk/democracy/civicamb/carms.htm
147. Met Borough of Stepney Official Guide, p29, 1961, Ed J Burrow and Co
148. website shows much of the evolution of the badge http://theyflysohigh.co.uk/club-crest/4548286338
149. Various. "East Ham: Manors and estates". University of London & History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 15 August 2009.
150. link to external image https://www.gracesguide.co.uk/images/0/02/Im1895EnV80-p567.jpg
151. The London Encyclopaedia, 1983, by Weinreb and Hibbert. The Encyclopaedia describes how the creation of the Tower Division, aka Tower Hamlets, made East London a distinct military unit
152. "Up the Hammers" The West Ham Battalion in the Great War 1914–1918, by Elliot Taylor andBarney Alston.
153. Colm Kerrigan (1997). "Gatling Gun" George Hildson. Football Lives. ISBN 978-0-9530718-0-7. Archived from the original on 13 October 2007.
154. Hopps, Kat (14 December 2015). "How a new West Ham United crest is keeping strong links between the football club and HMS Warrior". Newham Recorder. Archived from the original on 22 October 2020. Retrieved 19 July 2020.
155. Draughtsman's diagram of the hull of the warrior https://d32ptomnhiuevv.cloudfront.net/en-gb/sites/default/files/product_jackets/Haynes-H6106-page-5_0.jpg Archived 10 April 2018 at the Wayback Machine
156. "West Ham". premierskills. Archived from the original on 5 April 2010. Retrieved 3 October 2013.
157. "West Ham". Footballbadgesguide. Archived from the original on 4 October 2013. Retrieved 3 October 2013.
158. "West Ham: Hammers fans vote in favour of new club crest". BBC Sport. 17 July 2014. Retrieved 17 July 2014.
159. "We will always be West Ham United" (PDF). West Ham United F.C. Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 July 2014. Retrieved 19 July 2014.
160. kitclassics.co.uk. "West Ham kits since inception I". Various sources, image of kits. Archived from the original on 25 June 2008. Retrieved 15 August 2009.
161. Dave Moor. "West Ham kits since inception II". Various sources, images of kits. Retrieved 15 August 2009.
162. Marsh, Steve. "Playing Kit: West Ham United 1900 to 1999". theyflysohigh.co.uk. Retrieved 22 January 2018.
163. Belton 2006, pp. 2–4.
164. Marsh, Steve. "Myths and Legends". theyflysohigh.co.uk. Retrieved 16 December 2018.
165. ^ John Helliar. "The Story of Bubbles". West Ham United F.C. Archived from the original on 18 February 2006.
166. John Helliar. "The Story of Bubbles". West Ham United F.C. Archived from the original on 28 May 2010.
167. ^ "Blowing Bubbles@Upton park WHUFC-Chelski". 4 January 2010. Archived from the original on 11 December 2021. Retrieved 8 October 2013 – via YouTube.
168. Sudhalter, Richard M. "Lost Chords". The New York Times. Retrieved 8 October 2013.
169. ">Knees up Mother Brown - West Ham United FC Online: FAQ". Kumb.com.
170. Oakley, Chris (2007). Football Delirium. Karnac Books. ISBN 978-1-78049-488-3. Retrieved 8 October 2013.
171. ""Oh Christian Dailly" lyrics". fanchants.com. Archived from the original on 31 January 2011. Retrieved 29 January 2011.
172. de Lisle, Tim (28 November 2005). "R Kelly sings the Blues". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 8 October 2013.
173. "Bobby Moore Lyrics". metrolyrics.com. Archived from the original on 2 February 2014. Retrieved 8 October 2013.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
174. Mitten, Andy (14 March 2016). "He does flicks and tricks, tackles and scores: West Ham's Dimitri Payet 'does everything'". The National. Retrieved 15 April 2016.
175. David Pickering. The Cassell Soccer Companion. Cassell. pp. 343–344.
176. Blazers, Men In (30 September 2017). "JW Goes Behind the Bubbles at West Ham United with "Mickey Bubbles"". Men in Blazers.
177. "Beckham runs gauntlet at West Ham". BBC Sport. 29 August 1998. Retrieved 6 April 2010.
178. "Beckham still subject of fans' ire". CNN – Sports Illustrated. 19 September 1998. Archived from the original on 8 February 2002.
179. "West Ham 4–1 Blackburn". BBC Sport. 30 August 2008. Retrieved 5 October 2013.
180. Ogden, Mark (30 August 2008). "Ince deflects the ire in old role as Upton Park pariah". The Guardian. Retrieved 5 October 2013.
181. Ben Lupton. "Practice Makes Perfect". British Council. Archived from the original on 24 December 2007.
182. Winter, Henry (5 March 2007). "West Ham stunned by Stalteri strike". The Daily Telegraph. London. Archived from the original on 6 March 2007. Retrieved 6 April 2010.
183. Lucas, Damien (3 March 2017). "Nigel Reo-Coker concedes he learned to appreciate West Ham the hard way". HITC. Archived from the original on 29 December 2019. Retrieved 29 December 2019.
184. Fordham, Josh (14 August 2022). "West Ham fans throw fake money at Jesse Lingard after snubbed summer transfer". talkSPORT. Retrieved 16 August 2022.
185. "Cole comes home". West Ham United F.C. 4 January 2013. Archived from the original on 5 January 2013. Retrieved 5 October 2013.
186. "Want Some Aggro?". casspennant.com. Archived from the original on 14 March 2010. Retrieved 5 October 2013.
187. ^ "CONFESSIONS OF A TERRACE LEGEND The fights, the politics, the rival firms: Cass Pennant, notorious founder member of West Ham's InterCity Firm, recalls hooliganism's heyday". CassPennant. Archived from the original on 14 March 2010. Retrieved 7 October 2013.
188. Gant, Charles (30 August 2009). "Football hooliganism: how 1980s man got his kicks". The Guardian. Retrieved 6 January 2019.
189. Hann, Michael (24 March 2014). "My guilty pleasure: Green Street". The Guardian. Retrieved 6 January 2019.
190. Hytner, David (31 August 2011). "Scott Parker completes m switch to Tottenham from West Ham". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 13 November 2011.
191. Ley, John (7 December 2008). "Give Harry Redknapp due respect, Frank Lampard Sr tells West Ham fans". The Daily Telegraph. London. Archived from the original on 10 January 2022. Retrieved 13 November 2011.
192. Neil McLeman (19 August 2012). "West Ham still owe Sheffield United more than m over Carlos Tevez fiasco". Daily Mirror. Retrieved 3 January 2013.
193. Fox, Norman (31 January 2005). "Jagielka intensifies bitter rivalry to raise pressure on Pardew". The Independent. London. Archived from the original on 26 February 2014. Retrieved 3 January 2013.
194. Green, Chris (27 August 2009). "A rivalry that dates back to the heyday of British shipbuilding". The Independent. London. Retrieved 26 June 2011.
195. "Violence erupts at London derby". BBC News. 25 August 2009. Retrieved 25 August 2009.
196. "West Ham fined £115,000 over violence against Millwall". BBC Sport. 15 January 2010. Retrieved 2 February 2010.
197. ^ "West Ham United". The beautifulhistory.wordpress.com. 8 June 2011. Retrieved 19 July 2011.
198. "Stadium Information". West Ham United F.C. Archived from the original on 10 November 2007. Retrieved 29 April 2010.
199. Wilson, Steve (19 January 2010). "David Sullivan admits West Ham buy-out 'makes no commercial sense'". The Daily Telegraph. London. Archived from the original on 10 January 2022. Retrieved 6 April 2010.
200. "Olympic Stadium proposal submitted". West Ham United F.C. Archived from the original on 19 May 2010. Retrieved 18 May 2010.
201. "UK Athletics boss Ed Warner boosts West Ham's 2012 plan". BBC Sport. 9 May 2010. Retrieved 18 May 2010.
202. "Official Olympic Stadium bid". West Ham United F.C. 30 September 2010. Archived from the original on 2 October 2010. Retrieved 2 October 2010.
203. "Live Nation back hammers bid". West Ham United F.C. 8 October 2010. Archived from the original on 10 October 2010. Retrieved 9 October 2010.
204. "UK Athletics back the Hammers". West Ham United F.C. 11 October 2010. Archived from the original on 14 October 2010. Retrieved 11 October 2010.
205. "West Ham kicks off Upton Park developer search". propertyweek.com. 19 November 2010. Retrieved 20 November 2010.
206. "West Ham working with Populous on designs for Olympic Stadium after London 2012". Inside the games. 17 February 2011. Retrieved 4 October 2013.
207. "West Ham must guarantee to keep running track warns Olympics Minister". Inside the games. 12 February 2011. Retrieved 4 October 2013.
208. "West Ham chosen as preferred Olympic Stadium tenant". BBC News. 11 February 2011. Retrieved 11 February 2011.
209. "Spurs ready for legal battle as West Ham win Olympic stadium bid". London Evening Standard. Archived from the original on 12 February 2011. Retrieved 6 August 2011.
210. "Leyton Orient in 2012 Olympic stadium High Court action". BBC News. 14 April 2011. Retrieved 6 August 2011.
211. "Tottenham fail with appeal over West Ham's use of the Olympic Stadium". The Guardian. 23 June 2011.
212. "Westfield to sponsor West Ham Olympic stadium". Construction Enquirer. 8 June 2011.
213. "West Ham to call 2012 stadium home after Games". London Evening Standard. 22 August 2011. Retrieved 22 August 2011.
214. "Independent inquiry into Olympic Stadium decision clears West Ham". The Guardian. 23 August 2011.
215. "Spurs return to High Court over Olympic Stadium verdict". BBC Sport. 29 June 2011.
216. "Spurs win Olympic review". Sky Sports. 25 August 2011.
217. "London 2012: West Ham Olympic Stadium deal collapses". BBC Sport. 11 October 2011.
218. "Tottenham Hotspur ends 2012 Olympic Stadium legal bid". BBC Sport. 17 October 2011.
219. "West Ham – Newham Statement". West Ham United F.C. 11 October 2011. Archived from the original on 12 October 2011. Retrieved 11 October 2011.
220. Gold, David (23 March 2012). "West Ham among four formal bidders for London 2012 Olympic Stadium". insidethegames.biz. Retrieved 12 September 2014.
221. Kelso, Paul (17 May 2012). "London 2012 Olympics: West Ham likely to get Olympic Stadium despite delays, says Boris Johnson". The Daily Telegraph. London. Archived from the original on 10 January 2022. Retrieved 11 June 2012.
222. Bond, David (22 March 2013). "West Ham get Olympic Stadium after government ups funding". BBC Sport. Retrieved 22 March 2013.
223. Benge, James (3 September 2015). "Arsenal, Chelsea and Tottenham fan coalition's call for public inquiry into West Ham Olympic stadium deal rejected by government". London Evening Standard. Retrieved 4 September 2015.
224. "Hammer house of legends". BBC Sport. 27 February 2001. Retrieved 6 August 2011.
225. Rubin, Tony (19 December 2007). "Championship: West Ham's lost generation". Archived from the original on 18 April 2005. Retrieved 6 August 2011.
226. Howlett, Graeme (29 May 2006). "Terry Brown Q&A". Archived from the original on 29 May 2006. Retrieved 6 August 2011.
227. "England player numbers at new low". BBC Sport. 27 May 2008. Retrieved 6 April 2010.
228. Rich, Tim (27 August 2011). "Fergie's four-letter outburst at the FA". The Independent. London. Archived from the original on 12 November 2012. Retrieved 30 August 2011.
229. Pugh, William (12 March 2019). "Tony Carr - the best developer of young talent in English football - keen to rebuild bridges at West Ham". The Telegraph. Archived from the original on 10 January 2022 – via www.telegraph.co.uk.
230. "First team: Squad". West Ham United F.C. Retrieved 5 October 2020.
231. "Jarrod Bowen appointed West Ham United Club Captain". West Ham United F.C. Retrieved 15 August 2024.
232. "West Ham retire Moore's number six shirt". Independent. 4 August 2008. Archived from the original on 29 December 2019. Retrieved 19 July 2020.
233. "Hammers pay tribute to Dylan". West Ham United F.C. 19 April 2014. Archived from the original on 17 December 2014. Retrieved 20 April 2014.
234. "Awards". West Ham United F.C. Retrieved 6 January 2023.
235. Hillier, Roger. "Andy Malcolm". theyflysohigh.co.uk. Retrieved 21 May 2018.
236. "Scott completes HOTY hat-trick". West Ham United F.C. Archived from the original on 21 May 2011. Retrieved 28 September 2016.
237. "Bonds Honoured at the Boleyn". West Ham United F.C. Archived from the original on 19 August 2013. Retrieved 25 February 2015.
238. "West Ham award for Sir Trevor Brooking". Sky Sports. Retrieved 25 February 2015.
239. "Hammers to honour Peters". West Ham United F.C. Archived from the original on 16 February 2015. Retrieved 25 February 2015.
240. "Hurst to be honoured at Player Awards". West Ham United F.C. Archived from the original on 4 June 2016. Retrieved 3 May 2016.
241. "'Wonderful' Ken Brown set to receive Lifetime Achievement Award". West Ham United F.C. Retrieved 20 June 2018.
242. "Ronnie Boyce: The Hammers legend who debuted 58 years ago today | West Ham United F.C." www.whufc.com.
243. "West Ham United announce creation of Mark Noble Award | West Ham United F.C." www.whufc.com.
244. "Who's who". West Ham United F.C. Retrieved 13 June 2018.
245. "Academy appoint Martin as Operations and Player Development Manager". West Ham United F.C. 7 January 2019. Retrieved 28 January 2019.
246. "West Ham United appoint Richard Collinge as Head of Medical". West Ham United F.C. Retrieved 20 June 2018.
247. "Slaven Bilić's Managerial statistics". Soccerbase. 5 July 2015. Retrieved 5 July 2015.
248. "West Ham United statement". West Ham United F.C. Archived from the original on 21 January 2010. Retrieved 31 January 2013.
249. "Chairmen increase shareholding". West Ham United F.C. Archived from the original on 28 May 2010. Retrieved 31 January 2013.
250. "Ownership | West Ham United". West Ham United F.C. Archived from the original on 6 September 2009. Retrieved 14 January 2011.
251. "Ownership | West Ham United". legalweek.com. Retrieved 2 July 2013.
252. "West Ham: Co-owner David Sullivan says 20% stake for sale". BBC Sport. 28 December 2014. Retrieved 16 January 2015.
253. "West Ham United must pay £70m bank debt before Olympic Stadium move". The Guardian. 24 July 2013. Retrieved 16 January 2015.
254. Rosser, Jack (30 September 2017). "American billionaire Tripp Smith buys 10% stake in West Ham". Evening Standard. Retrieved 9 August 2023.
255. "West Ham United statement". West Ham United F.C. 10 November 2021. Retrieved 10 November 2021.
256. David Gold: West Ham United co-chairman dies following short illness BBC Sport. 4 January 2023. Retrieved 4 January 2023.
257. "West Ham name Vanessa Gold as new joint-chair". Reuters. 3 August 2023. Retrieved 9 August 2023.
258. Rundle, Richard. "Source for West Ham statistics". Football Club History Database.
259. "Honours". WHUFC.com. Retrieved 5 June 2023.
260. ^ Up until 1992, the top division of English football was the Football League First Division; since then, it has been the Premier League. Similarly until 1992, the Second Division was the second tier of league football, when it became the First Division, and is now known as The Championship. The third tier was the Third Division until 1992, and is now known as League One.
261. "THE LONDON LEAGUE". Sporting Life. 28 April 1902. Retrieved 3 February 2023 – via British Newspaper Archive.
262. "Past winners: 1963–1967". BBC Sport. 27 November 2003. Retrieved 16 December 2018.
263. "West Ham share Fair Play trophy London". Aberdeen Evening Express. 17 March 1966. Retrieved 23 December 2017 – via British Newspaper Archive.
264. West Ham United Football Club given the award of Honorary Fellow by the University of East London. University of East London. 16 November 2009. Archived from the original on 11 December 2021. Retrieved 23 December 2017 – via YouTube.
265. "Records and Honours". West Ham United F.C. Retrieved 6 January 2023.
266. "Club Record Home Attendance". Fsf.org.uk. Archived from the original on 13 April 2009. Retrieved 29 April 2010.
267. "West Ham United sign Brazil star Lucas Paquetá for record fee". West Ham United F.C. 29 August 2022. Retrieved 29 August 2022.
268. "West Ham shell out club-record fee to sign Arsenal, Newcastle-linked Paqueta from Lyon". Football365. 29 August 2022. Retrieved 29 August 2022.
269. "Declan Rice: Arsenal sign England midfielder from West Ham for £105m". BBC Sport. 15 July 2023. Retrieved 15 July 2023.
270. ^ "Arsenal thrash West Ham in their biggest PL away win". BBC Sport. 9 February 2024. Retrieved 12 February 2024.
271. WHUFC.com list of Club Titles, honours and records
272. "BBC Two - I Love the 1970s". BBC.
273. "Bullet Train". IMDB.

Bibliography

• Belton, Brian (2007). "BROWN OUT": The Biography of West Ham Chairmen, Terence Brown. Pennant Publishing Ltd. ISBN 978-1-906015-11-4.
• Belton, Brian (2006). West Ham United Miscellany. Pennant Books. ISBN 978-0-9550394-4-7.
• Blows, Kirk & Hogg, Tony (2000). The Essential History of West Ham United. Headline. ISBN 978-0-7472-7036-2.
• Hellier, John & Leatherdale, Clive (2000). West Ham United: The Elite Era – A Complete Record. Desert Island. ISBN 978-1-874287-31-5.
• Hogg, Tony (2005). Who's Who of West Ham United. Profile Sports Media. ISBN 978-1-903135-50-1.
• Kerrigan, Colm (1997). Gatling Gun George Hilsdon. Football Lives. ISBN 978-0-9530718-0-7.
• Korr, Charles (1986). West Ham United: the Making of a Football Club. University of Illinois Press. ISBN 978-0-252-01405-5.
• Nawrat, Chris & Hutchings, Steve (1996). The Sunday Times Illustrated History of Football. Hamlyn. ISBN 978-1-85613-341-8.
• Pickering, David (1994). The Cassell Soccer Companion. Cassell. ISBN 978-0-304-34231-0.
• Redknapp, Harry With Derek McGovern (1998). Harry Redknapp – My Autobiography. HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0-00-218872-2.
• Ward, Adam & Smith, Dave (2003). The Official West Ham United Dream Team. Hamlyn. ISBN 978-0-600-60835-6.

Notes

1. Arsenal's transfer fee for Declan Rice may rise to £105 million depending on if performance-based criteria are met.

External links

• Official website

Independent websites

• West Ham United F.C. on BBC Sport: Club news – Recent results and fixtures
• West Ham United at Sky Sports
• West Ham United FC at Premier League
• West Ham United FC at UEFA

Links to related articles

v t e West Ham United F.C. matches National FA Cup Finals 1923 1964 1975 1980 2006 Football League War Cup Final 1940 League Cup Finals 1966 1981 Knockout West Ham 3–1 Millwall (2009) FA Charity Shields 1964 1975 1980 Football League play-off Finals 2004 First Division 2005 Championship 2012 Championship International European Cup Winners' Cup Finals 1965 1976 UEFA Europa Conference League Final 2023 Friendly MLS All-Star Game 2008 v t e West Ham United F.C. seasons 1895–96 1896–97 1897–98 1898–99 1899–1900 1900–01 1919–20 1920–21 1921–22 1922–23 1923–24 1924–25 1925–26 1926–27 1927–28 1928–29 1929–30 1930–31 1931–32 1932–33 1933–34 1934–35 1935–36 1936–37 1937–38 1938–39 1939–40 1945–46 1946–47 1947–48 1948–49 1949–50 1950–51 1951–52 1952–53 1953–54 1954–55 1955–56 1956–57 1957–58 1958–59 1959–60 1960–61 1961–62 1962–63 1963–64 1964–65 1965–66 1966–67 1967–68 1968–69 1969–70 1970–71 1971–72 1972–73 1973–74 1974–75 1975–76 1976–77 1977–78 1978–79 1979–80 1980–81 1981–82 1982–83 1983–84 1984–85 1985–86 1986–87 1987–88 1988–89 1989–90 1990–91 1991–92 1992–93 1993–94 1994–95 1995–96 1996–97 1997–98 1998–99 1999–2000 2000–01 2001–02 2002–03 2003–04 2004–05 2005–06 2006–07 2007–08 2008–09 2009–10 2010–11 2011–12 2012–13 2013–14 2014–15 2015–16 2016–17 2017–18 2018–19 2019–20 2020–21 2021–22 2022–23 2023–24 2024–25 v t e UEFA Conference League winners 2020s 2021–22: Roma 2022–23: West Ham United 2023–24: Olympiacos v t e UEFA Cup Winners' Cup winners 1960s 1960–61: Fiorentina 1961–62: Atlético Madrid 1962–63: Tottenham Hotspur 1963–64: Sporting CP 1964–65: West Ham United 1965–66: Borussia Dortmund 1966–67: Bayern Munich 1967–68: AC Milan 1968–69: Slovan Bratislava 1969–70: Manchester City 1970s 1970–71: Chelsea 1971–72: Rangers 1972–73: AC Milan 1973–74: 1. FC Magdeburg 1974–75: Dynamo Kyiv 1975–76: Anderlecht 1976–77: Hamburger SV 1977–78: Anderlecht 1978–79: Barcelona 1979–80: Valencia 1980s 1980–81: Dinamo Tbilisi 1981–82: Barcelona 1982–83: Aberdeen 1983–84: Juventus 1984–85: Everton 1985–86: Dynamo Kyiv 1986–87: Ajax 1987–88: Mechelen 1988–89: Barcelona 1989–90: Sampdoria 1990s 1990–91: Manchester United 1991–92: Werder Bremen 1992–93: Parma 1993–94: Arsenal 1994–95: Zaragoza 1995–96: Paris Saint-Germain 1996–97: Barcelona 1997–98: Chelsea 1998–99: Lazio v t e UEFA Intertoto Cup winners 1995–2005 1995: Bordeaux Strasbourg 1996: Karlsruhe Silkeborg Guingamp 1997: Auxerre Bastia Lyon 1998: Bologna Valencia Werder 1999: Juventus West Ham United Montpellier 2000: Celta Stuttgart Udinese 2001: Paris Saint-Germain Troyes Aston Villa 2002: Málaga Stuttgart Fulham 2003: Villarreal Perugia Schalke 04 2004: Villarreal Lille Schalke 04 2005: Hamburg Marseille Lens 2006–2008 2006: Newcastle United 2007: Hamburg 2008: Braga Winning managers v t e Premier League Seasons 1992–93 1993–94 1994–95 1995–96 1996–97 1997–98 1998–99 1999–2000 2000–01 2001–02 2002–03 2003–04 2004–05 2005–06 2006–07 2007–08 2008–09 2009–10 2010–11 2011–12 2012–13 2013–14 2014–15 2015–16 2016–17 2017–18 2018–19 2019–20 2020–21 2021–22 2022–23 2023–24 2024–25 Clubs 2024–25 Arsenal Aston Villa Bournemouth Brentford Brighton & Hove Albion Chelsea Crystal Palace Everton Fulham Ipswich Town Leicester City Liverpool Manchester City Manchester United Newcastle United Nottingham Forest Southampton Tottenham Hotspur West Ham United Wolverhampton Wanderers Former Barnsley Birmingham City Blackburn Rovers Blackpool Bolton Wanderers Bradford City Burnley Cardiff City Charlton Athletic Coventry City Derby County Huddersfield Town Hull City Leeds United Luton Town Middlesbrough Norwich City Oldham Athletic Portsmouth Queens Park Rangers Reading Sheffield United Sheffield Wednesday Stoke City Sunderland Swansea City Swindon Town Watford West Bromwich Albion Wigan Athletic Wimbledon (defunct) Competition Teams winners performance record Players foreign foreign scorers winners Managers current Stadiums Founding Broadcasters overseas in the U.S. Productions Referees Statistics and awards Records All-time table Hat-tricks Highest scores Golden Boot Golden Glove Manager of the Season Player of the Season Young Player of the Season Playmaker of the Season Goal of the Season Save of the Season Game Changer of the Season Most Powerful Goal Manager of the Month Player of the Month Goal of the Month Save of the Month Players with 100+ goals Players with 500+ appearances Top scorers by season Goalkeepers with 100+ clean sheets Goalkeepers who have scored a goal 10 Seasons Awards 20 Seasons Awards Hall of Fame Finances Richest clubs: Deloitte list Forbes list Team owners Transfer records Game 39 Premier League–Football League gulf Parachute and solidarity payments Associated competitions Fantasy Premier League Asia Trophy FA Community Shield FA Cup EFL Cup UEFA Champions League UEFA Europa League UEFA Conference League Premier League 2 Premier League Cup Premier Reserve League (defunct) U18 Premier League Premier League International Cup Summer Series Related media Fever Pitch: The Rise of the Premier League Category v t e EFL Championship Seasons 2004–05 2005–06 2006–07 2007–08 2008–09 2009–10 2010–11 2011–12 2012–13 2013–14 2014–15 2015–16 2016–17 2017–18 2018–19 2019–20 2020–21 2021–22 2022–23 2023–24 2024–25 Clubs 2024–25 clubs Blackburn Rovers Bristol City Burnley Cardiff City Coventry City Derby County Hull City Leeds United Luton Town Middlesbrough Millwall Norwich City Oxford United Plymouth Argyle Portsmouth Preston North End Queens Park Rangers Sheffield United Sheffield Wednesday Stoke City Sunderland Swansea City Watford West Bromwich Albion Former clubs Aston Villa Barnsley Birmingham City Blackpool Bolton Wanderers Bournemouth Brentford Brighton & Hove Albion Burton Albion Charlton Athletic Colchester United Crewe Alexandra Crystal Palace Doncaster Rovers Fulham Gillingham Huddersfield Town Ipswich Town Leicester City Milton Keynes Dons Newcastle United Nottingham Forest Peterborough United Reading Rotherham United Scunthorpe United Southampton Southend United West Ham United Wigan Athletic Wolverhampton Wanderers Wycombe Wanderers Yeovil Town Competition Seasons Teams (winners) Players (foreign) Managers (current) Stadiums Referees Statistics and awards Records EFL Awards Golden Boot Golden Glove Manager of the Month Player of the Month Hat-tricks Young Player of the Month Finances Club owners Premier League–Football League gulf Parachute and solidarity payments Sponsors Coca-Cola (2004–10) Npower (2010–13) Sky Bet (2013–present) Associated competitions Current: Play-offs - FA Cup - EFL Cup Past: Anglo-Franco-Scottish Friendship Cup - Anglo-Italian Cup - Full Members' Cup Prospects Promotion to Premier League Relegation to EFL League One v t e Football in London League teams (tiers 1–4) 1 Arsenal Brentford Chelsea Crystal Palace Fulham Tottenham Hotspur West Ham United 2 Millwall Queens Park Rangers 3 Charlton Athletic Leyton Orient 4 AFC Wimbledon Bromley Non-league teams (tiers 5–8) 5 Barnet Dagenham & Redbridge Sutton United Wealdstone 6 Enfield Town Hampton & Richmond Borough Hornchurch Welling United 7 Carshalton Athletic Cray Valley Paper Mills Cray Wanderers Dulwich Hamlet Hanwell Town Hendon Wingate & Finchley 8 AFC Croydon Athletic Beckenham Town Erith Town Hadley Hanworth Villa Haringey Borough Harrow Borough Hayes & Yeading United Kingstonian Northwood Phoenix Sports Rayners Lane Raynes Park Vale Redbridge Sutton Common Rovers Uxbridge Walthamstow Rivalries London derbies Arsenal–Chelsea Chelsea–Tottenham Millwall–West Ham North South East West Cup competitions London Senior Cup London Intermediate Cup London Junior Cup London Charity Cup (defunct) London Challenge Cup (defunct) See also The Football Combination London Football Association London XI London League (defunct) West London League (defunct) v t e London Borough of Newham Districts Beckton (including Cyprus) Canning Town (including Limmo Peninsula) Custom House East Ham (including Plashet and Wall End) Forest Gate Manor Park (including Little Ilford) Plaistow (including Greengate) Silvertown Stratford (including East Village, Maryland, Mill Meads) Stratford Cross Temple Mills Upton Park West Ham North Woolwich Attractions Brick Lane Music Hall City Hall ExCeL Green Street House Mill London City Airport Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park ArcelorMittal Orbit Royal Docks Stratford Circus Thames Barrier Theatre Royal Woolwich foot tunnel World Cup Sculpture Sports Boleyn Ground Clapton F.C. Lee Valley VeloPark London Aquatics Centre London Stadium The Old Spotted Dog Ground Riverbank Arena Upton Park F.C. West Ham United F.C. Shopping centres and markets Gallions Reach Shopping Park Queen's Market Rathbone Market Stratford Centre Westfield Stratford City Parks and open spaces Abbey Gardens Beckton District Park Bow Creek Ecology Park Central Park Epping Forest Forest Lane Park King George V Park Little Ilford Park Memorial Recreation Ground New Beckton Park Plashet Park Star Park Thames Barrier Park Three Mills Green Wanstead Flats West Ham Park Constituencies East Ham West Ham Tube, railway and DLR stations Abbey Road Beckton Beckton Park Canning Town Custom House for ExCel Cyprus East Ham Forest Gate Gallions Reach King George V London City Airport Manor Park Maryland Plaistow Pontoon Dock Prince Regent Pudding Mill Lane Royal Albert Royal Victoria Star Lane Stratford Stratford High Street  Stratford International Upton Park Wanstead Park West Ham West Silvertown Woodgrange Park Other topics Council Grade I and II* listed buildings People Public art Schools Category Commons

• West Ham United F.C.
• Association football clubs established in 1895
• Football clubs in England
• Premier League clubs
• English Football League clubs
• FA Cup winners
• Football clubs in London
• Southern Football League clubs
• 1895 establishments in England
• UEFA Cup Winners' Cup winning clubs
• UEFA Intertoto Cup winning clubs
• UEFA Conference League winning clubs