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Hannah Humphrey

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English print seller

Hannah Humphrey
Bornc. 1745 Edit this on Wikidata
Died1818
OccupationDesigner Edit this on Wikidata
FamilyWilliam Humphrey Edit this on Wikidata

Hannah Humphrey (active 1745–1818 in London) was a leading London print seller of the 18th century, significant in particular for being the publisher of much of James Gillray's output.

Biography

The sister of William Humphrey, Hannah Humphrey first started selling prints from her brother's premises. She struck out on her own in 1778 or 1779, when she first established a printshop in St Martin's Lane. Several woman print sellers ran successful businesses in 18th-century London—for example, Mary Darly, Susan Vivares, and Elizabeth Jackson. Humphrey was preeminent among them and became one of the top two print sellers in London, the other one being Samuel Fores. Her shop in St James was visited by a fashionable clientele and had a large stock of social and political caricature, including caricature portraits of leading society figures. Notable artists she published beside Gillray included Thomas Rowlandson and James Sayers.

A satire published by Humphrey in 1782, of the relationship between Richard Cosway and his wife the painter Maria Hadfield, who was intimate of Thomas Jefferson and Pasquale Paoli.

She moved premises a number of times: from 18 Old Bond Street (1778–83) to 51 New Bond Street (1783–89), to 18 Old Bond Street (1790–94), to 37 New Bond Street (1794–97) and finally settling in 27 St James's Street (1797–1817), depicted in the print Very Slippy-Weather. James Gillray lodged with her for much of his working life, and she looked after him after his lapse into insanity around 1810 until his death in 1815. In Two-Penny Whist, the character shown second from the left, an ageing lady with eyeglasses and a bonnet, is widely believed to be a depiction of Humphrey. She was known as Mrs Humphrey although she remained a spinster for all her life.

References

  1. "Gillray's works on James Gillray: Caricaturist".The site indicates Humphrey published nearly 650 prints by Gillray; some 270 were issued by other publishers
  2. Maxted, Ian (1977). The London Book Trades1775-1780. Folkestone, England: Dawson. p. 116. ISBN 0-7129-0696-7.
  3. "Timothy Cayton, "Humphrey, William (b. 1742?, d. in or before 1814), engraver and printseller"". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. 2004. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/14157. Retrieved 20 August 2019. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  4. British Museum Biography. For dates taken from prints
  5. "Very Slippy-Weather". The British Museum. BM Satires 11100
  6. "Twopenny Whist". BM Satires 8885
  7. "Hannah Humphrey (British Museum Biographical details)". The British Museum.

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Gillray, James". Encyclopædia Britannica, 12 (11th ed.), Cambridge University Press, pp. 23–24.

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