Misplaced Pages

Hậu Lý Nam Đế

Article snapshot taken from Wikipedia with creative commons attribution-sharealike license. Give it a read and then ask your questions in the chat. We can research this topic together.
(Redirected from Hau Ly Nam De) Emperor of Vạn Xuân
Hậu Lý Nam Đế
後李南帝
Emperor of Vạn Xuân
Reign571–602
PredecessorTriệu Việt Vương
SuccessorDynasty collapsed
Born518
Jiaozhou, Liang China
Died602
Xi'an, Sui China
BurialChang'an
IssueLý Nhã Lang
Names
Lý Phật Tử (李佛子)
DynastyEarly Lý dynasty
FatherLý Nam Đế (Uncle)

Hậu Lý Nam Đế (, born Lý Phật Tử (), c. 518 – 602) was the last king of the Early Lý dynasty, founded by his cousin Lý Nam Đế. He reigned in Vạn Xuân (present-day north Vietnam) from 571 to 602.

Clash with Triệu Việt Vương

Part of a series on the
History of Vietnam
Prehistoric
Paleolithic
Sơn Vi culture 20,000 BC–12,000 BC
Mesolithic
Hoabinhian 12,000 BC–10,000 BC
Neolithic
Bắc Sơn culture 10,000 BC–8,000 BC
Quỳnh Văn culture 8,000 BC–6,000 BC
Đa Bút culture 4,000 BC–3,000 BC
Bronze and Iron Ages
Phùng Nguyên culture 2,000 BC–1,500 BC
Đồng Đậu culture 1,500 BC–1,000 BC
Gò Mun culture 1,000–800 BC
Dong Son culture (1,000 BC–100 AD)
Sa Huỳnh culture (1,000 BC–200 AD)
Óc Eo culture (1–630 AD)
Ancient
Hồng Bàng dynasty 2879 BC–258 BC
Thục dynasty 257 BC–179 BC
Triệu dynasty 204 BC–111 BC
Dominated
1st Chinese domination 111 BC–40 AD
Trung sisters' rebellion 40–43
2nd Chinese domination 43–544
Early Lý dynasty544–602
3rd Chinese domination602–938
Dynastic
Ngô dynasty 939–965
Anarchy of the 12 Warlords 965–968
Đinh dynasty 968–980
Early Lê dynasty 980–1009
Later Lý dynasty 1009–1225
Trần dynasty 1225–1400
Hồ dynasty 1400–1407
4th Chinese domination 1407–1428
Later Lê dynasty 1428–1527
Mạc dynasty 1527–1592
Later Lê Restoration 1533–1789
Tây Sơn dynasty 1778–1802
Nguyễn dynasty 1802–1945
Colonial
French Cochinchina 1862–1949
French Annam 1883–1948
French Tonkin 1883–1948
French Indochina 1887–1954
Empire of Vietnam 1945
Republic
North Vietnam
1945–1976
Republic of South Vietnam 1975–1976
South Vietnam
1955–1975
State of Vietnam 1949–1955
Socialist Republic of Vietnam 1976-now
Non-Vietnamese history
Funan 68–627
Champa 192–1832
Cát Tiên archaeological site 300–800
Chenla 550–781
Nanzhao 738–902
Khmer Empire 802–1431
Dali Kingdom 937–1253
Nung-Zhuang kingdom 1042–1052
Ngưu Hống 1061–1432
Jarai kingdoms 1100–1904
Sip Song Chau Tai 1600–1954
Principality of Hà Tiên1707–1832
By topic
flag Vietnam portal

Phật Tử was a cousin of Lý Nam Đế, who was stated to be of localized Chinese descent. Additionally, according to historian Catherine Churchman, Phật Tử was referred as a (俚) man, which means Lý Phật Tử might be a leader of Tai-speakers, who historically inhabited the Red River Delta from 200 AD to 700 AD. Lý Phật Tử and Triệu Việt Vương had a peace agreement in place; however, Lý Phật Tử had ambitions to claim to the entire territory of Việt people. Around 570 AD, Lý Phật Tử's army overran Long Biên, a region that belonged to Triệu Việt Vương, and seized it. Triệu Việt Vương was caught by surprise and defeated, he retreated to the river Đại Nha (now in Nam Định Province, northern Vietnam) where he killed himself. Lý Phật Tử then proclaimed himself the Later Lý Nam Đế and went on to rule Vạn Xuân (Vietnam) as an independent state for the next 32 years.

Fall of Late Lý Nam Đế and the 3rd Chinese domination

In 602 AD, the new Sui dynasty emerged as the sole power in a unified China after having defeated the Chen dynasty. The new emperor Emperor Wen of Sui sent a 120,000-man army to invade Vạn Xuân and re-claim dominion over the Viet people. Lý Phật Tử realized his army would not be strong enough to engage in a major conflict with the Sui invading force. At the same time, he also received enormous pressure from his ruling administration to avoid any confrontation with the emerging Sui Dynasty. In the winter of 602, when the Sui force marched on Vạn Xuân, Lý Phật Tử decided to surrender in exchange for stability in the region.

Aftermath of Early Lý dynasty

The Early Lý dynasty, although defeated, proved that it was capable of independence and self-rule. Through more than 60 years of rebellion and defiance, the national sentiment of the Viet people was awakened. When the northern imperial power began showing signs of weakness and disunity at the end of the Tang dynasty, the Việt people would seize the opportunity to slip from Chinese rule.

References

  1. Anh Thư Hà, Hồng Đức Trần A Brief Chronology of Vietnam's History 2000 Page 22 "draw to a cave in Tam Nông (Phú Thọ), while his relatives Lý Thiên Bảo and Lý Phật Tử led a number of troops to Thanh Hóa. The King fell seriously ill. After handing the powers to Triệu Quang Phục for continuing the struggle, the King died ..."
  2. Đại Việt sử ký toàn thư "Former Southern Emperor Lý" text: "帝姓李,諱賁,龍興太平人也。其先北人,西漢末苦於征伐避居土,七世遂爲南人。" translation: "The Emperor's surname is Lý, taboo name Bí/Bôn, he was a man from Long Hưng, Thái Bình . His ancestors were northerners. At the end of the Western Han era, they fled conquests and massacres dwelt land. By the seventh generations they became through-and-through southerners."
  3. Đại Việt sử ký toàn thư "Latter Southern Emperor Lý" text: "帝姓李,諱佛子,前南帝族將也。" "The Emperor's surname is Lý, taboo name Phật Tử, he was a general from the clan of the Former Southern Emperor Lý"
  4. Taylor (1991), p. 155 The Birth of Vietnam, p. 155, at Google Books
  5. Coedès (1966), p. 45 The Making of South East Asia, p. 45, at Google Books
  6. Coedès (1966), p. 46 The Making of South East Asia, p. 46, at Google Books
  7. Book of Sui, vol. 53 text: "仁壽中,會交州俚人李佛子作亂"; translation: "In the middle of the Renshou era, happened Jiaozhou, a Lĭ man Lĭ Fózĭ revolted"
  8. Churchman 2016, p. 91–92.
  9. Chamberlain 2000, p. 97, 127.

Works cited

  • Chamberlain, James R. (2000). "The origin of the Sek: implications for Tai and Vietnamese history" (PDF). In Burusphat, Somsonge (ed.). Proceedings of the International Conference on Tai Studies, July 29–31, 1998. Bangkok, Thailand: Institute of Language and Culture for Rural Development, Mahidol University. ISBN 974-85916-9-7. Retrieved 29 August 2014.
  • Churchman, Catherine (2016). The People Between the Rivers: The Rise and Fall of a Bronze Drum Culture, 200–750 CE. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. ISBN 978-1-442-25861-7.
Preceded byTriệu Việt Vương Ruler of Vietnam
571–602
Succeeded byThird Chinese domination
Categories: