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Heniochus
Pennant coralfish, Heniochus acuminatus
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Actinopterygii
Order:	Acanthuriformes
Family:	Chaetodontidae
Genus:	Heniochus G. Cuvier, 1816
Type species
Chaetodon macrolepidotus Linnaeus, 1758
Synonyms
Diphreutes Cantor, 1849 Taurichthys Cuvier 1829

Heniochus is a genus of marine ray-finned fish, butterflyfishes from the family Chaetodontidae. They are native to the Indo-Pacific. Though very similar in appearance to the Moorish idol (Zanclus cornutus), the members of this genus are not closely related to it.

Characteristics

Heniochus species are distinguished within the Chaetodontidae by having the fourth spine in the dorsal fin elongated, or even forming a filament. The supraorbital crests in adults have spines or horn-like protuberances. They normally have a hump, or at least a robust bony growth on the nape.

Etymology

Heniochus is Greek for a “carriage driver” or “coachman” and is a reference to the long, filamentous 4th dorsal spine of these fish, resembling the whip of a coachman.

Species

There are currently eight recognized species in this genus:

• Heniochus acuminatus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Pennant coralfish)
• Heniochus chrysostomus G. Cuvier, 1831 (Threeband pennantfish)
• Heniochus diphreutes D. S. Jordan, 1903 (False moorish idol)
• Heniochus intermedius Steindachner, 1893 (Red Sea bannerfish)
• Heniochus monoceros G. Cuvier, 1831 (Masked bannerfish)
• Heniochus pleurotaenia C. G. E. Ahl, 1923 (Phantom bannerfish)
• Heniochus singularius H. M. Smith & Radcliffe, 1911 (Singular bannerfish)
• Heniochus varius (G. Cuvier, 1829) (Horned bannerfish)

Pictorial identification

• Heniochus acuminatus
• Heniochus chrysostomus
• Heniochus diphreutes
• Heniochus intermedius
• Heniochus monoceros
• Heniochus pleurotaenia
• Heniochus singularius
• Heniochus varius

References

1. ^ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Genera in the family Chaetodontidae". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 24 November 2020.
2. R. Pyle (2001). Kent E. Carpenter; Volker H. Niem (eds.). CHAETODONTIDAE (PDF). FAO Species Identification Guide for Fishery Purposes. Vol. 5: Bony fishes part 3 (Menidae to Pomacentridae). FAO, Rome. ISBN 92-5-104302-7.
3. Christopher Scharpf & Kenneth J. Lazara (21 July 2020). "Order ACANTHURIFORMES (part 1): Families LOBOTIDAE, POMACANTHIDAE, DREPANEIDAE and CHAETODONTIDAE". The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database. Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J. Lazara. Retrieved 24 November 2020.
4. Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Species in genus Heniochus". FishBase. February 2013 version.

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