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Henry Carteret, 1st Baron Carteret
Henry Frederick Carteret, 1st Baron Carteret (1735–1826), detail from his mural monument in Kilkhampton Church, Cornwall
Senior Privy Counsellor
In office 1820–1826
Postmaster General of the United Kingdom
In office 1771–1789
Master of the Household
In office 1768–1771
Member of Parliament for Weobley
In office 1761–1770
Member of Parliament for Staffordshire
In office 1756–1761
Personal details
Born	1735 (1735)
Died	1826 (aged 90–91)
Spouse	Eleanor Smart
Parents	Thomas Thynne (father) Louisa Carteret (mother)
Relatives	Thomas Thynne (brother) John Carteret (grandfather)
Education	St John's College, Cambridge

Henry Frederick Carteret, 1st Baron Carteret PC (1735–1826), of Haynes, Bedfordshire (known until 1776 as the Honourable Henry Frederick Thynne), was Member of Parliament for Staffordshire (1757–1761), for Weobley in Herefordshire (1761–1770) and was Master of the Household to King George III 1768–1771. He was hereditary Bailiff of Jersey 1776–1826.

Origins

He was the second son of Thomas Thynne, 2nd Viscount Weymouth (1710–1751), by his second wife Louisa Carteret, daughter of John Carteret, 2nd Baron Carteret, 2nd Earl Granville (1690–1763). He was thus the younger brother of Thomas Thynne, 3rd Viscount Weymouth, later created Marquess of Bath.

Education

He was educated at St John's College, Cambridge, graduating BA, and in 1753 proceeded MA. In 1769 he was awarded the degree of Doctor of Civil Laws.

Career

In 1757 he was encouraged by his friend and 3rd cousin (both were descended from daughters and eventual co-heiresses of John Granville, 1st Earl of Bath (1628–1701)) Granville Leveson-Gower, 2nd Earl Gower (1721–1803), to enter Parliament for Staffordshire, when that seat had become vacant following the death of Gower's uncle, Hon. William Leveson-Gower (died 1756). In 1761 he was elected for the Herefordshire borough of Weobley, which he represented until 1770.

In 1762 his brother sought an office for him, leading to his appointment as Clerk Comptroller of the Green Cloth (worth £1000 per year). He lost this office when the Grenville government fell in 1765, and entered into opposition. After his brother returned to office as Secretary of State in 1767, Thynne returned to the Royal household as Master of the Household, a post worth over £900 which he held until 1771.

He was made a member of the Privy Council in 1770. In 1771 (after his brother had left office), he was given the office of joint Postmaster General, which he held until 1789. This was worth £3000 per year, and he thereupon retired from the House of Commons. He gave up the postmastership in 1789, when his brother was created Marquess of Bath.

Inheritance and peerage

In 1776, by Act of Parliament, he changed his name and arms to Carteret, in compliance with his inheritance from his childless uncle Robert Carteret, 3rd Baron Carteret, 3rd Earl Granville (1721–1776) (under the terms of the will of the latter's father John Carteret, 2nd Earl Granville (1690–1763)), of his estates including Hawnes Park (now Haynes Park), in Bedfordshire and Kilkhampton in Cornwall (the ancient seat of the Granvilles, Earls of Bath). He also succeeded him as Bailiff of Jersey, a post (for life) long held by heads of the Carteret family. In 1784 he was created Baron Carteret, of Hawnes, thus reviving his uncle's second title.

Rebuilds Hawnes Park

Hawnes Park was modernised and partly rebuilt by Henry Carteret, 1st Baron Carteret, and in 1813 consisted of two quadrangles. He rebuilt the south front in about 1785–1790, probably to the designs of James Lewis. In 1813 Lysons reported that it contained portraits of Margaret, Countess of Lennox; the mother of Rembrandt; Sir George and Lady Carteret; John, Earl Granville, and at the foot of the staircase "an ancient view" of Longleat, seat of the Thynne family.

Marriage

In 1810 he married his mistress of many years, Eleanor Smart, but there were no children.

Death and succession

He died in 1826 and was succeeded as 2nd Baron by his younger nephew Lord George Thynne (1770–1838) in accordance with a special remainder in the patent when he was created baron. His simple white marble mural monument with bust survives in Kilkhampton Church, Cornwall, inscribed:

"Henry Frederick Thynne. Born November 1735. Privy Counsellor, Bailiff of Jersey, Baron Carteret of Hawnes. Died June 1826"

References

1. Image gentlemenandtarpaulins.files.wordpress.com
2. Burke's Peerage (1939 edn), s.v. Bath, Marquess.
3. "Thynne, The Hon. Henry Frederick (THN752HF)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
4. Leigh Rayment's Historical List of MPs
5. 'The household below stairs: Clerks of the Green Cloth 1660-1782', Office-Holders in Modern Britain: Volume 11 (revised): Court Officers, 1660-1837 (2006), pp. 403–40. British History online, accessed 9 August 2008.
6. ^ Roland Thorne, ‘Carteret, Henry Frederick, first Baron Carteret of Hawnes (1735–1826)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford University Press, Sept 2004; online edn, Jan 2008), accessed 9 August 2008
7. British History online, accessed 9 August 2008.
8. The Gentleman's Magazine, and Historical Chronicle, Volume 96, Part 2, August 1826, p. 174, Obituary
9. Victoria County History, Bedford, Volume 2, William Page (editor), 1908, pp. 338–344, Parishes: Hawnes or Haynes
10. ^ "Haynes Park, Haynes, Central Bedfordshire". britishlistedbuildings.co.uk. Retrieved 19 May 2024.
11. Lysons, Daniel & Samuel, Magna Britannia, Vol.I, Part I, Bedfordshire, London, 1813, p. 93
12. Lysons, 1813.
13. Burke, Sir Bernard, (1938 ed) Burke's Peerage, Baronetage and Knightage. Shaw, London. p. 243
14. ^ Woodfall, H. (1768). The Peerage of England; Containing a Genealogical and Historical Account of All the Peers of that Kingdom Etc. Fourth Edition, Carefully Corrected, and Continued to the Present Time, Volume 6. p. 258.
15. ^ Lee, Sidney; Edwards, A. S. G. (revised) (2004). "Thynne, William (d. 1546)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/27426. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
16. Girouard, Mark, Thynne, Sir John (1515–1580), estate manager and builder of Longleat in Oxford Dictionary of Biography (Oxford University Press, 2004)
17. Booth, Muriel. "Thynne, John (?1550–1604), of Longleat, Wilt". History of Parliament. The History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 2 January 2016.
18. Lancaster, Henry; Thrush, Andrew. "Thynne, Charles (c.1568–1652), of Cheddar, So". History of Parliament. The History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 2 January 2016.
19. Pugh, R. B.; Crittall, Elizabeth, eds. (1957). "Parliamentary history: 1529–1629". A History of the County of Wiltshire. Vol. 5. London: Victoria County History – via British History Online.
20. Ferris, John P. "Thynne, Sir James (c.1605-70), of Longbridge Deverill, Wilt". History of Parliament. The History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 2 January 2016.
21. Helms, M. W.; Ferris, John P. "Thynne, Sir Thomas (c.1610–c.69), of Richmond, Sur". History of Parliament. The History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 2 January 2016.
22. Marshall, Alan (2008) . "Thynne, Thomas (1647/8–1682)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/27423. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
23. Heath-Caldwell, J. J. "Thomas Thynne, 1st Marquess of Bath, 3rd Viscount Weymouth". JJ Heath-Caldwell. Retrieved 2 January 2016.
24. Hayton, D. W. "Thynne, Hon. Henry (1675-1708)". The History of Parliament. The History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 2 January 2016.
25. Dunaway, Stewart (2013). Lord John Carteret, Earl Granville: His Life History and the Granville Grants. Lulu. p. 33. ISBN 9781300878070.
26. "Bath, Thomas Thynne". Encyclopedia Britannica 1911. Retrieved 2 January 2016.
27. Thorne, Roland. "Carteret [formerly Thynne], Henry Frederick". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Retrieved 2 January 2016.
28. "Thomas Thynne, 2nd Marquess of Bath (1765–1837)". National Portrait Gallery. Retrieved 2 January 2016.
29. Escott, Margaret. "Thynne, Lord Henry Frederick (1797-1837), of 6 Grovesnor Square, Md". History of Parliament. The History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 2 January 2016.
30. "John Thynne, 4th Marquess of Bath (1831-1896), Diplomat and landowner". National Portrait Gallery. Retrieved 2 January 2016.

• 1735 births
• 1826 deaths
• Alumni of St John's College, Cambridge
• British MPs 1754–1761
• British MPs 1761–1768
• British MPs 1768–1774
• Members of the Parliament of Great Britain for English constituencies
• Members of the Privy Council of Great Britain
• Masters of the Household
• Postmasters general of the United Kingdom
• Bailiffs of Jersey
• Younger sons of viscounts
• Law of Jersey
• Barons Carteret
• Thynne family
• Peers of Great Britain created by George III