High-protein diet - Misplaced Pages

A diet high in protein

High-protein diets are usually rich in meat, dairy products and eggs

A high-protein diet is a diet in which 20% or more of the total daily calories come from protein. Many high protein diets are high in saturated fat and restrict intake of carbohydrates.

Example foods in a high-protein diet include lean beef, chicken or poultry, pork, salmon and tuna, eggs, and soy. High-protein diets are often utilized in the context of fat loss and muscle building. High-protein fad diets, such as the Atkins diet and Protein Power, have been criticized for promoting misconceptions about carbohydrates, insulin resistance and ketosis.

Health effects

There is dispute among researchers about the efficacy and safety of various high-protein diets.

Efficiency

Increased protein consumption is shown to increase muscle mass, improve muscle adaptations to resistance training, and reduce muscle loss in periods of energy and nutrient deficit. High-protein low-calorie diets are often used in the setting of treating obesity. A high-protein diet does not significantly improve blood pressure and glycemic control in people with type 2 diabetes.

Safety

In 2001, the American Heart Association’s Nutrition Committee issued a recommendation against some high-protein diets such as the Atkins diet and Protein Power. The committee noted potential health risks of these diets and how there are no long-term scientific studies to support their efficacy and safety.

A 2017 review indicated that a high-protein diet (superior to 1.5 g per kilogram of ideal body weight per day) may contribute to life-long risk of kidney damage, including progression of or potentially new onset chronic kidney disease. Though, a 2023 umbrella review found no evidence that higher protein intake (> 0.8 g/kg body weight/day) does specifically trigger CKD. According to the American Heart Association, high-protein diets that contain high amounts of saturated fat increase risk of coronary artery disease and cancer.

The following are examples of high-protein fad diets:

References

^ Longe JL (2008). "High-protein diet". The Gale Encyclopedia of Diets: A Guide to Health and Nutrition. Gale. pp. 524–526. ISBN 978-1-4144-2991-5.
Felson S (8 October 2018). "High-Protein Diets: Do They Work?". WebMD. Retrieved 18 November 2018.
^ Morton RW, Murphy KT, McKellar SR, Schoenfeld BJ, Henselmans M, Helms E, et al. (March 2018). "A systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression of the effect of protein supplementation on resistance training-induced gains in muscle mass and strength in healthy adults". British Journal of Sports Medicine. 52 (6): 376–384. doi:10.1136/bjsports-2017-097608. PMC 5867436. PMID 28698222.
Moon J, Koh G (September 2020). "Clinical Evidence and Mechanisms of High-Protein Diet-Induced Weight Loss". Journal of Obesity & Metabolic Syndrome. 29 (3): 166–173. doi:10.7570/jomes20028. PMC 7539343. PMID 32699189.
^ St Jeor ST, Howard BV, Prewitt TE, Bovee V, Bazzarre T, Eckel RH (October 2001). "Dietary protein and weight reduction: a statement for healthcare professionals from the Nutrition Committee of the Council on Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Metabolism of the American Heart Association". Circulation. 104 (15): 1869–1874. doi:10.1161/hc4001.096152. PMID 11591629.
Carbone JW, McClung JP, Pasiakos SM (January 2019). "Recent Advances in the Characterization of Skeletal Muscle and Whole-Body Protein Responses to Dietary Protein and Exercise during Negative Energy Balance". Advances in Nutrition. 10 (1): 70–79. doi:10.1093/advances/nmy087. PMC 6370268. PMID 30596808.
Bal BS, Finelli FC, Koch TR (2012-04-16). "Nutritional Requirements of the Critically Ill Obese Patient". In El Solh AA (ed.). Critical Care Management of the Obese Patient (1st ed.). Wiley. pp. 186–194. doi:10.1002/9781119962083.ch21. ISBN 978-0-470-65590-0. Retrieved 2023-11-19.
Yu Z, Nan F, Wang LY, Jiang H, Chen W, Jiang Y (June 2020). "Effects of high-protein diet on glycemic control, insulin resistance and blood pressure in type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials". Clinical Nutrition. 39 (6): 1724–1734. doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2019.08.008. PMID 31466731. S2CID 201674247.
Kalantar-Zadeh K, Fouque D (November 2017). "Nutritional Management of Chronic Kidney Disease". The New England Journal of Medicine. 377 (18): 1765–1776. doi:10.1056/NEJMra1700312. PMID 29091561. S2CID 27499763.
Kamper AL, Strandgaard S (August 2017). "Long-Term Effects of High-Protein Diets on Renal Function". Annual Review of Nutrition. 37 (1): 347–369. doi:10.1146/annurev-nutr-071714-034426. PMID 28637384.
Remer, Thomas; Kalotai, Nicole; Amini, Anna M.; Lehmann, Andreas; Schmidt, Annemarie; Bischoff-Ferrari, Heike A.; Egert, Sarah; Ellinger, Sabine; Kroke, Anja; Kühn, Tilman; Lorkowski, Stefan; Nimptsch, Katharina; Schwingshackl, Lukas; Zittermann, Armin; Watzl, Bernhard (2023). "Protein intake and risk of urolithiasis and kidney diseases: an umbrella review of systematic reviews for the evidence-based guideline of the German Nutrition Society". European Journal of Nutrition. 62 (5): 1957–1975. doi:10.1007/s00394-023-03143-7. ISSN 1436-6215. PMC 10349749. PMID 37133532.
Alters S, Schiff W (22 February 2012). "Chapter 10: Body Weight and Its Management". Essential Concepts for Healthy Living (Sixth ed.). Jones & Bartlett Publishers. p. 327. ISBN 978-1-4496-3062-1.
Nouvenne A, Ticinesi A, Morelli I, Guida L, Borghi L, Meschi T (September 2014). "Fad diets and their effect on urinary stone formation". Translational Andrology and Urology (Review). 3 (3): 303–312. doi:10.3978/j.issn.2223-4683.2014.06.01. PMC 4708571. PMID 26816783.

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Category Commons

Categories:

Health effects

Efficiency

Safety

See also

References