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Hovhannes-Smbat III Հովհաննես-Սմբատ Գ
King of Armenia King of Ani
Hovhannes submits to Basil II, miniature from the Madrid Skylitzes
King of Ani 1020–1040
Predecessor	Gagik I
Successor	Gagik II
Dynasty	Bagratuni
Father	Gagik I
Mother	Katranide

Hovhannes-Smbat III (Armenian: Հովհաննես-Սմբատ Գ, romanized: Hovhannes-Smbat G) was King of Ani (1020–1040). He succeeded his father Gagik I of Ani (989–1020) being the king's elder son and legal heir to the throne.

Life

His enthronement in 1020 was strongly opposed by his younger brother Ashot, who one year later in 1021 rebelled against him, driving his forces to Ani the capital, surrounding and conquering the city and dethroning his brother Hovhannes-Smbat III in 1021 and usurping power from him.

But following a compromise agreement between the two feuding brothers, he agreed to withdraw his rebel forces from Ani and let the legal heir Hovhannes-Smbat III to return to power continuing as Hovhannes-Smbat III of Ani on limited areas around the capital, whereas Ashot (known as Ashot IV) would be enthroned a concurrent king and rule in further Armenian provinces closer to Persia and Georgia. Despite the agreed compromise, conflicts, sometimes military, continued between the two brother kings thus greatly weakening the Armenian Bagratid kingdom. In the winter of 1021/2 Hovhannes-Smbat was compelled to make the Byzantine emperor Basil II his heir, an arrangement imposed on him on account of the Armenian support to King George I of Georgia in the Georgian-Byzantine war. Hovhannes-Smbat's heritage eventually passed to the Byzantine Empire in 1042, long after Basil had died.

References

1. Vardanyan, Edda (1 January 2015). "The Žamatun of Hoṙomos and the Žamatun/Gawit' Structures in Armenien Architecture". Hoṙomos Monastery: Art and History, edited by Edda Vardanyan, Paris : ACHCByz: 207-210.
2. Hacikyan, Agop Jack (2000). The Heritage of Armenian Literature. Wayne State University Press. p. 323. ISBN 978-0-8143-3023-4.
3. Palakʻean, Grigoris (2019). The Ruins of Ani: A Journey to Armenia's Medieval Capital and Its Legacy. Rutgers University Press. pp. 14–15. ISBN 978-1-9788-0291-9.

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