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Humera massacre
Part of the Tigray War
HumeraShow map of EthiopiaHumeraShow map of Tigray RegionLocation of Humera in Ethiopia
Location	Humera(Tigrinya: ሑሞራ), Tigray Region, Ethiopia
Date	early November 2020
Target	Tigrayans
Attack type	Mass killing Ethnic cleansing
Deaths	92
Perpetrators	Fano, per Telegraph, NYT, EHRC; ENDF, per Guardian

The Humera massacre was an ethnic mass murder event carried out in November 2020 in the town of Humera (Tigrinya: ሑሞራ) in the Tigray Region of northwestern Ethiopia, next to the Sudanese border. The massacre took place during an armed conflict between the regional government of Tigray and the federal government of Ethiopia. Refugees attributed the massacre to Amhara militias, including Fano, and the Ethiopian National Defense Force (ENDF).

Background

During the Tigray War, the ENDF claimed to have obtained control of Humera Airport, 70 km south of Humera, on 10 November and claimed to gain control of Humera on 12 November.

Testimonies

Refugees who had been interviewed by the Daily Telegraph implicated the Ethiopian military and Amhara militias in a massacre in Humera on unknown dates in early November 2020. The refugees stated that they "were attacked by knife-wielding militiamen from the neighbouring Amhara region, who had joined forces with federal troops and cut people to death as they tried to escape." Zenebe, an ethnic Tigrayan, stated, "The soldiers of Abiy Ahmed didn't differentiate between people. They crushed all the people. It is like a genocide." Gidey, also a Tigrayan, stated, "I saw soldiers kill a taxi man and the two people in the taxi because there was a poster of the Tigrayan president in the car." One witness said that he had seen twenty bodies killed by knives, guns and shelling.

A 54-year old refugee interviewed by The Guardian, Gush Tela from Humera, stated that he was beaten by federal security forces "until he was covered in blood and could not walk". He stated that the federal forces transferred him to an Amhara youth group, Fano, who freed him. Tela stated that the Fano were ordered to destroy Humera and "'finish' Tigrayans". Tela said that he witnessed a man "beheaded with machetes". Other refugees showed wounds that they attributed to "knife and machete attacks by Fano militia". A Humera resident, Meles, interviewed by The New York Times in a refugee camp, stated that the Amhara militias that arrived in Humera had "cut people's heads".

On 23 November, AFP stated that the administration of the conquered parts of Western Tigray had been taken over by officials from Amhara Region.

EHRC visit

Based on its 14–18 November 2020 visit to Dansha, Humera and Mai Kadra and a visit to Mekelle and other parts of Tigray Region starting on 10 January 2021, the Ethiopian Human Rights Commission (EHRC) reported a Humera hospital employee's count of the war deaths as 92, including ENDF, TPLF and civilians. Security was mainly controlled by Amhara special forces and militia. Looting by Fano, Amhara special forces and militia, and ENDF and Eritrean Defense Forces (EDF) soldiers was reported, as well as harassment of ethnic Tigrayan residents.

The EHRC–OHCHR Tigray investigation reported victims from shelling as well as the massacre in this locality, without going into further detail about the latter.

Wider region

Ashenafi Hailu, an ethnic Tigrayan, survived a massacre on a road during the Tigrayan conflict, and fled to the Hamdayet Border Reception Centre in Sudan as a refugee.

On 29 November, the Ethiopian Broadcasting Corporation stated that 70 burial pits containing bodies were found close to Humera Airport. In the televised report, an anonymous military official attributed the deaths to the TPLF.

Reactions

After months of denial by the Ethiopian authorities that massacres occurred in Tigray, a joint investigation by OHCHR and the Ethiopian Human Rights Commission has been announced in March 2021.

While the Ethiopian government promised that Eritrean troops will be pulled out from Tigray, the Eritrean government denies any participation in warfare in Tigray, let alone in massacres.

References

1. ^ Brown, Will (23 November 2020). "After the bombs they attacked with knives, claim Ethiopians fleeing peace prize winner's war". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 24 November 2020. Retrieved 24 November 2020.
2. ^ Latif Dahir, Abdi (9 December 2020). "Fleeing Ethiopians Tell of Ethnic Massacres in Tigray War". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 9 December 2020. Retrieved 9 December 2020.
3. ^ "Situation of Civilians in Humera, Dansha, and Bissober - Brief Monitoring Report". Ethiopian Human Rights Commission. 17 January 2021.
4. ^ Akinwotu, Emmanuel (2 December 2020). "'I saw people dying on the road': Tigray's traumatised war refugees". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 2 December 2020. Retrieved 2 December 2020.
5. "Ethiopian military seizes airport as fighting rages in Tigray". Al Jazeera English. 11 November 2020. Archived from the original on 10 December 2020. Retrieved 10 December 2020.
6. ^ "70 clandestine burial pits found in Humera-reports". Ethiopia Observer. 29 November 2020. Archived from the original on 9 December 2020. Retrieved 10 December 2020.
7. "Inside Humera, a town scarred by Ethiopia s war". Al Jazeera English. 23 November 2020. Retrieved 24 November 2020.
8. Tibebu, Israel (3 November 2021). "Report of the EHRC/OHCHR Joint Investigation into Alleged Violations of International Human Rights, Humanitarian and Refugee Law Committed by all Parties to the Conflict in the Tigray Region of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia" (PDF). EHRC, OHCHR. Archived (PDF) from the original on 3 November 2021. Retrieved 21 November 2021.
9. France24, 18 March 2021: UN rights chief agrees to joint Tigray probe
10. DW, 19 March 2021: Fact check: Are other nations involved in the war in Tigray?

External links

• World Peace Foundation: Starving Tigray

v t e Tigray war
Background	History History of Western Tigray Welkait question 1995 Constitution of Ethiopia Eritrean–Ethiopian War border conflict Elections in Ethiopia 2005 election / violence 2014–16 Oromo protests 2016–18 state of emergency Resignation of Hailemariam Desalegn Prelude Ethiopian civil conflict (2018–present) 2018 Eritrea–Ethiopia summit Tripartite Agreement Formation of the Prosperity Party COVID-19 pandemic in Ethiopia Hachalu Hundessa riots 2020 Tigray regional election
Timeline	Northern Command attacks Battle of Humera Asmara rocket attacks Mekelle offensive Operation Alula TDF–OLA joint offensive 2021–2022 Ethiopian state of emergency ENDF National Unity Offensive Battle of Shire
Impact	Reactions 2021 Ethiopian general election Spillover Sudan 2022 al-Shabaab invasion of Ethiopia
Peace process	Overview Ethiopia–Tigray peace agreement Interim Administration
Groups	Key actors Ethiopian federal government  Eritrea Involvement  Tigray / TPLF  Amhara  Afar Institutions Ethiopian National Defense Force Transitional Government of Tigray Tigray Defense Forces Eritrean Defence Forces Militias Fano UFEFCF Human rights organisations EHRC Inquiry Board Non-state EHRCO ERCS HRCE Seb Hidri Yikono
Human rights	Casualties Casualties of the Tigray war Discrimination Ethnic profiling Internment camps War crimes Massacres 2020 Mai Kadra Humera Adigrat Zalambessa Dengelat 1st Wukro Hitsats 1st Mekelle Axum Goda Hagere Selam Ziban Gedena Gijet 2021 Bora Debano Mahbere Dego 2nd Wukro Kola Tembien Zamr Gira Aras Guh Togoga Galikoma Chenna Kobo 2nd Mekelle Kombolcha 2022 Dedebit Berhale 3rd Mekelle Adi Daero Sexual violence Hawzen Destruction of Heritage Aksum Debre Damo Negash mosque Predictions of a genocide in Ethiopia Refugees/IDPs Hamdayet (Ethiopians) Refoulement of Eritrean refugees Shire Food Famine in northern Ethiopia (2020–present) Investigations ACHPR Tigray investigation EHRC–OHCHR Tigray investigation ICHREE
Category / Commons

• November 2020 crimes in Africa
• Massacres in 2020
• Mass stabbings in Ethiopia
• November 2020 events in Ethiopia
• 2020 massacres of the Tigray War
• Massacres committed by Ethiopia
• Ethiopian war crimes during the Tigray War
• Massacres of ethnic groups
• Looting in the Tigray War
• Knife attacks in Africa
• Stabbing attacks in 2020