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IR8 is a high-yielding semi-dwarf rice variety developed by the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) in the early 1960s. It was developed by an IRRI team consisting of Peter Jennings, Hank Beachell, Akira Tanaka, T.T. Chang, S.K. De Datta, and Robert Chandler. In November 1966, IR8 was introduced in the Philippines and India. Promoters such as the IRRI and farmer benefactors of IR8 have called it 'miracle rice', and celebrate it for fighting famine. IR8 dramatically increased the yields of Asian rice from 1 or 2 ton per hectare to 4 or 5 tons per hectare. It played a significant part in the Green Revolution.

IR8 was the eighth of 38 crossbred rice varieties in a 1962 experiment by IRRI. It was a cross of Peta, a high yield rice variety from Indonesia, and Dee-geo-woo-gen (DGWG), a dwarf variety from Taiwan. The semidwarf-1 gene (sd-1 or Os01g0883800), which encodes an enzyme in the production of the hormone gibberellin, which affects plant height; this improved its yield. IR8 was well suited to the places it was first introduced. However, it “did not fit most rice-growing situations,” which involve heavy monsoons or deep flooding.

References

1. ^ "IR8: Rice that Changed the World". IRRI.org. International Rice Research Institute. November 2016. Archived from the original on October 19, 2017. Retrieved October 19, 2017.
2. ^ Rowlatt, Justin (2016-12-01). "IR8: The miracle rice which saved millions of lives". BBC News. Retrieved 2017-01-02.
3. Ganzel, Bill (2007). "The Development of "Miracle Rice" Varieties". www.livinghistoryfarm.org. Archived from the original on 2017-06-05. Retrieved 2017-09-19.
4. ^ Beyond IR8: IRRI's second decade. International Rice Research Institute. April 1980.
5. ^ Farmer, B. H. (1977). "1. Technology and Change in Rice-growing Areas". Green Revolution? Technology and Change in Rice-growing Areas of Tamil Nadu and Sri Lanka. Westview Press, Boulder, Colorado. pp. 1–6. ISBN 0-89158-709-8.
6. World Food Prize Foundation 1996 Laureate: Beachell and Khush worldfoodprize.org
7. "RT_Supplement-IR8.pdf" (PDF).
8. "Os01g0883800". RiceWiki. Archived from the original on October 20, 2017. Retrieved October 19, 2017.
9. Nagano H, Onishi K, Ogasawara M, Horiuchi Y, Sano Y (October 2005). "Genealogy of the 'Green Revolution' gene in rice". Genes & Genetic Systems. 80 (5): 351–356. doi:10.1266/ggs.80.351. PMID 16394586.
10. "Genetic Diversity in Rice". Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Corporate Document Repository. Proceedings of the 20th Session of the International Rice Commission. Agriculture and Consumer Protection. 23–26 July 2002.

v t e Rice
History of rice cultivation
Species	African rice Asian rice
Varieties	Varieties of Asian rice Adamchini Chawal Ajara Ghansal rice Ambemohar Arborio rice Arunachal Pradesh Khaw Tai (Khamti Rice) Balaghat Chinnor Bhandara Chinoor Basmati Bhutanese red rice Bomba rice Boka Chaul Bora saul Calasparra rice Calrose rice Camargue red rice Carnaroli Champa rice Chak-Hao (Black rice) Chokuwa saul Dubraj rice Gobindobhog Golden rice IR8 Japanese rice Japonica rice Jasmati Jasmine rice Jeeraphool Joha rice Kalonunia Koraput Kalajeera Koshihikari Maratelli Marcha Matta rice Molakolukulu Mushqbudji Nàng Thơm Chợ Đào rice Navara rice Nishiki rice Patna rice Paw hsan hmwe Pokkali Ponni rice Pusa Basmati 1121 Red Cargo rice Riceberry Samba Sasanishiki Semi-dwarf IR36 Sona masuri rice Tulaipanji Uttarakhand Lal Chawal Vialone Nano Wayanad Gandhakasala Wayanad Jeerakasala Wehani rice Yamada Nishiki Varieties of African rice Carolina Gold New Rice for Africa
Characteristics	Aromatic rice Hybrid rice Perennial rice Glutinous rice Weedy rice
Processed forms	Flattened rice Puffed rice Broken rice Brown rice Red rice Black rice Germinated brown rice Parboiled rice White rice
Rice dishes	Arroz con pollo Asopao Biryani Champorado Congee Gimbap Gumbo Kabsa Lamprais Mexican rice Paella Pilaf Puto Risotto Tahchin Tuwon shinkafa Yellow rice
Decoration	Kolam

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