The term iki doll (生人形, iki-ningyō) refers to a specific type of Japanese traditional doll. They are life-sized lifelike dolls that were popular in misemono during the Edo period of Japan. Nowadays the name is mainly used to refer to shop store mannequins.
Artists famous for making iki-ningyō during the Edo period include Akiyama Heijūrō, Takedoa Nuinosuke, Matsumoto Kisaburō (松本喜三郎), and Yasumoto Kamehachi (安本亀八). The dolls that they made were novel not just for their context that shocked viewers — figures lying in pools of their own blood, for example, or Akiyama Heijuro's "Development of a Fetus", a life-sized model of a pregnant woman whose abdomen opens up to reveal twelve supposed stages of development of a human fetus in the womb — but also for their influence upon the genre of ningyō. The works of Kamehachi and Kisaburō, in particular, contributed to the emergence of an extreme sense of realism.
The earliest exhibition of iki-ningyō, as recorded in Tommori Seiichi's biography of Kamehachi, was on February 2, 1852, by Ōe Chūbei entitled Representations of Modern Dolls in this Year of Abundance in the Naniwashinchi brothel district of Osaka. Chūbei's name imayō-ningyō ("modern dolls") indicated that he considered this form of doll to be modern and new.
References
- Tsutomu Kawamoto (June 2007). "Nishiki-e depicting Iki-ningyo". National Diet Library Newsletter (155).
- ^ Louis Frédéric (2005). Japan encyclopedia. Translated by Käthe Roth. Harvard University Press. p. 379. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5.
- ^ Alan Scott Pate (2008). "Iki-ningyō: Living Dolls and the Export Market". Japanese Dolls: The Fascinating World of Ningyo. Art and Design Series. Tuttle Publishing. pp. 142–154. ISBN 978-4-8053-0922-3.
Further reading
- Tsutomu Kawamoto (June 2007). "Nishiki-e depicting Iki-ningyo". National Diet Library Newsletter (155).
- Alan Scott Pate (2008). "Iki-ningyō: Living Dolls and the Export Market". Japanese Dolls: The Fascinating World of Ningyo. Art and Design Series. Tuttle Publishing. pp. 142–154. ISBN 978-4-8053-0922-3.
- Alan Scott Pate (2005). "Antique Japanese Dolls — Iki Ningyo". Antique Japanese Dolls. Alan Scott Pate. Archived from the original on 2010-01-11. Retrieved 2010-08-29.
- Andrew L. Markus (December 1985). "The Carnival of Edo: Misemono Spectacles From Contemporary Accounts". Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies. 45 (2). Harvard-Yenching Institute: 499–541. doi:10.2307/2718971. JSTOR 2718971.
- Kobayashi Sumie (2003). "World of Dolls by Hirata Gôyô, Living National Treasure". Rokushô. 19 (republished by Daruma ed.). Kyoto: Maria Shobô.
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