Index of branches of science

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This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 19 December 2024. Alphabetical list of scientific disciplines

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The following index is provided as an overview of and topical guide to science: Links to articles and redirects to sections of articles which provide information on each topic are listed with a short description of the topic. When there is more than one article with information on a topic, the most relevant is usually listed, and it may be cross-linked to further information from the linked page or section.

Science (from Latin scientia, meaning "knowledge") is a systematic enterprise that builds and organizes knowledge in the form of testable explanations and predictions about the universe.

The branches of science, also referred to as scientific fields, scientific disciplines, or just sciences, can be arbitrarily divided into three major groups:

The natural sciences (biology, chemistry, physics, astronomy, and Earth sciences), which study nature in the broadest sense;
The social sciences (e.g. psychology, sociology, economics, history) which study people and societies; and
The formal sciences (e.g. mathematics, logic, theoretical computer science), which study abstract concepts.

Disciplines that use science, such as engineering and medicine, are described as applied sciences.

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A

Abiology – study of inanimate, inorganic, or lifeless things.
Acanthochronology – Study of cactus spines and the chronology of their growth
Acanthology – study of spined things, in particular sea urchins, and the resultant impact on taxonomy
Acarology – Study of mites and ticks
Aceology – The study of therapies – science of remedies, or of therapeutics; iamatology.
Acology – Science of medical remedies, or of therapeutics.
Acoustics – Branch of physics involving mechanical waves – the branch of physics studying the properties of sound.
Actinobiology – Study of effects of radiation on living things – synonymous with radiobiology.
Adenology – Branch of medicine dealing the endocrine system
Aerobiology – Study of airborne organisms
Aerodonetics – Science or study of gliding flight.
Aerodynamics – Branch of dynamics concerned with studying the motion of air
Aerolithology – Science of meteorites – study of aerolites; meteorites.
Aeropalynology – study of pollens and spores in atmosphere.
Aerology – Synonym for atmospheric science
Aeronautics – Science involved with the study, design, and manufacturing of airflight-capable machines
Aerostatics – Study of gases that are not in motion
Agnoiology – Study of ignorance
Agonistics – Chemical which binds to and activates a biochemical receptorPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets
Agricultural chemistry – Agricultural sub-discipline of applied chemistry – study of influence in chemical processes in plants.
Agriology – comparative study of primitive peoples.
Agrobiology – Interdisciplinary studies of the interactions between plants and soil
Agroecology – Study of ecological processes in agriculture
Agrogeology – Study of origins and applications of minerals important to farming
Agrology – Science of producing and using plantsPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets – study of agricultural soils.
Agronomics – Branch of economics about distribution, management, and productivity of land.
Agronomy – Science of producing and using plants
Agrostology – Scientific study of the grasses
Algebra – Branch of mathematics
Algedonics – Branch of psychology that deals with pleasant and unpleasant states of consciousness
Algology – Branch of botany concerned with the study of algae (botany)
Algology – Medical treatment of pain as practiced in Greece and Turkey
Allergology – Study of the causes and treatment of allergies - study of causes and treatment of allergies
Anaesthesiology – Medical specialty concerned with anesthesia and perioperative care
Anatomy – Study of the structure of organisms
Andragogy – Methods and principles in adult education
Andrology – Medical specialty – study of men's physiology.
Anemology – Study of winds – study of wind.
Angiology – Branch of internal medicine, which deals with vascular disease
Anthropobiology – Biological study of the human species – study of human biology.
Anthropology – Scientific study of humans, human behavior, and societies – study of human cultures.
Anthrozoology – Subset of ethnobiology – study of human-animal interaction.
Apiology – Scientific study of bees
Aquatic ecology – The study of interactions between organisms and the environment in water
Arachnology – Scientific study of spiders and related animals
Archaeology – Study of human activity based on materials that people have left behind
Archelogy – study of first principles.
Archival science – Science of storage, registration and preservation of historical data
Archology – study of the nature of governmentPages displaying wikidata descriptions as a fallback – science of the origins of government.
Areology – Scientific study of the surface, crust, and interior of the planet Mars
Aristology – the art or science of cooking and diningPages displaying wikidata descriptions as a fallback – science or art of dining.
Aromachology – Study of the influence of odors on human behavior
Arthrology – Scientific study of joints and articulations
Arthropodology – Study of arthropods
Astacology – Scientific study of crayfish
Asteroseismology – Study of oscillations in stars
Astheniology – study of diseases of weakening and aging.
Astrobotany – Study of plants grown in spacecraft
Astrobiology – Science concerned with life in the universe
Astrodynamics – Field of classical mechanics concerned with the motion of spacecraftPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets
Astrogeology – Geology of astronomical objects apparently in orbit around stellar objects
Astronautics – Theory and practice of navigation beyond the Earth's atmosphere
Astronomy – Scientific study of celestial objects
Astrophysics – Subfield of astronomy – study of behaviour of interstellar matter.
Atmology – the science of aqueous vapor.
Audiology – Branch of science that studies hearing, balance, and related disorders
Autecology – Study of interactions of individual organisms with the environment
Autology – Word that expresses a property it also possessesPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets – scientific study of oneself.
Automata theory – Study of abstract machines and automata
Auxology – Study of all aspects of human physical growth

B

Bacteriology – Subdiscipline of microbiology that studies bacteria
Ballistics – Science of the motion of projectiles
Balneology – Method of treating diseases by bathingPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets – science of the therapeutic use of baths.
Barodynamics – science of the support and mechanics of heavy structures
Barology – study of gravitational force.
Bathymetry – Study of underwater depth of lake or ocean floors
Batology – Study of brambles
Batrachology – Branch of herpetology that studies amphibians
Behavioural genetics – Study of genetic-environment interactions influencing behaviour
Behavioral neuroscience – Study of biological and neural mechanisma in behaviour
Bibliology – Organized listing of books and the systematic description of them as objects
Bibliotics – study of documents to determine authenticity.
Bioecology – Study of interrelations of plants and animals with their environment
Biogeochemistry – Study of chemical cycles of the earth that are either driven by or influence biological activity
Biology – Science that studies life
Biochemistry – Study of chemical processes in living organisms
Biomechanics – Study of the mechanics of biological systems
Biometrics – Metrics related to human characteristics
Bionomics – Term with different meanings in ecology or economics – study of organisms interacting in their environments.
Biophysics – Study of biological systems using methods from the physical sciences – study of physics of biological phenomena.
Biopsychology – Study of biological and neural mechanisma in behaviourPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets – application of the science of biology to the study of psychology.
Biotribology – Study of friction, wear and lubrication in biological systems – study of friction, wear and lubrication of biological systems.
Botany – Study of plant life
Bromatology – Applied science devoted to the study of foodPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets – study of food.
Bryology – Branch of botany concerned with the study of bryophytes – study of mosses and liverworts.

C

Cacogenics – Decrease in genetic traits deemed desirable and study thereof
Caliology – Place where a bird broods its eggsPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets – study of bird's nests.
Calorifics – study of heat.
Cambistry – science of international exchange.
Campanology – Scientific and musical study of bells
Carcinology – Study of crustaceans
Cardiology – Branch of medicine dealing with the heart
Caricology – Study of sedges
Carpology – Study of seeds and fruit
Cartography – Study and practice of making maps – science of making maps and globes.
Castrametation – Roman term for a fortified military basePages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets – art of designing a camp.
Catacoustics – science of echoes or reflected sounds.
Catallactics – Theory about the free market system in economies – science of commercial exchange.
Catechectics – art of teaching by question and answer.
Celestial mechanics – Branch of astronomy – study of motion of objects in outer space.
Cell biology – Branch of biology that studies cells – study of the different structures and functions of both eukaryote and prokaryote cells.
Cetology – The study of whales, dolphins, porpoises, and other cetaceans – study of whales and dolphins.
Chaology – Field of mathematics and science based on non-linear systems and initial conditions
Chaos theory – Field of mathematics and science based on non-linear systems and initial conditions
Characterology – The study of character – study of development of character.
Chemistry – Scientific field of study – study of properties and behaviours of substances.
Chirography – Study of penmanship and handwriting in all of its aspects – study of handwriting or penmanship.
Chiropody – Medicine branch focusing on the human lower extremities
Chorology – either the study of the causal relations between geographical phenomena occurring within a particular region, or the study of the spatial distribution of organisms (biogeography)Pages displaying wikidata descriptions as a fallback – science of the geographic description of anything.
Chrematistics – Economics theory studying money – study of wealth; political economy.
Chromatics – Technique to quantify and describe physically the human color perception – study of color.
Chronobiology – Study of rhythms in biological processes of living organisms – study of biological rhythms.
Chrysology – study of precious metals.
Classical mechanics – Description of large objects' physics – study of motion of macroscopic objects.
Climatology – Scientific study of climate, defined as weather conditions averaged over a period of time – study of climate.
Clinology – study of aging or individual decline after maturity.
Codicology – Study of codices or manuscript books
Cognitive science – Interdisciplinary scientific study of cognitive processes
Coleopterology – Branch of entomology studying beetles
Cometology – study of comets.
Computer science – Study of computation – study of processes that interact with data.
Conchology – Study of mollusc shells
Coniology – Study of atmospheric dust and its effects
Connectomics – Study of mapping wiring diagrams
Contact mechanics – Study of the deformation of solids that touch each other
Coprology – Study of faeces
Cosmetology – Study and application of beauty treatment – study of cosmetics.
Cosmochemistry – Study of the chemical composition of matter in the universe
Cosmology – Scientific study of the origin, evolution, and eventual fate of the universe
Craniology – Pseudoscientific study of human characteristics according to shape of the skullPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets – study of the skull.
Criminology – Study of crime and criminal actions/behavior
Cryobiology – Study of effects of extreme low temperatures on life
Cryptography – Practice and study of secure communication techniques
Cryptology – Practice and study of secure communication techniquesPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets – study of codes.
Ctetology – study of the inheritance of acquired characteristics.
Cybernetics – Transdisciplinary field concerned with regulatory and purposive systems
Cyclonology – study of tropical cyclones, e.g. hurricanes.
Cynology – Study of canines or domestic dogs
Cytology – Study of cells in terms of structure, function and chemistry

D

Dactyliology – study of finger rings.
Dactylography – Scientific study of fingerprints
Dactylology – Form of communication using one or both handsPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets – study of sign language.
Data science – Field of study to extract insights from data – study of analyzing, processing, interpreting and extracting data.
Demography – Science that deals with populations and their structures, statistically and theoretically
Demology – study of human populations and behaviour.
Dendrochronology – Method of dating based on the analysis of patterns of tree rings
Dendrology – Science and study of woody plants
Dermatoglyphics – Scientific study of finger- and toeprints
Dermatology – Field of medicine dealing with the hair, nails, skin, and its diseases
Desmology – Study of ligaments
Dialectology – Scientific study of linguistic dialect
Dietetics – Study of diet and nutrition in relation to health and disease
Dioptrics – Science of light and lenses
Diplomatics – Academic study of the protocols of documents – science of deciphering ancient writings and texts.
Dosiology – study of dosage of drugs.
Dynamics – Branch of mechanics studying forces and their effect on motion
Dysgenics – Decrease in genetic traits deemed desirable and study thereof.

E

Eccrinology – Sweat gland distributed almost all over the human bodyPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets – study of excretion.
Ecology – Study of organisms and their environment
Economics – Social science – study of material wealth (production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services).
Edaphology – Science concerned with the influence of soils on living beings
Egyptology – Scientific study of ancient Egypt – study of ancient Egypt.
Eidology – study of mental imagery.
Ekistics – Science of human settlements
Electrochemistry – Branch of chemistry – study of relations between electricity and chemicals.
Electrodynamics – Fundamental interaction between charged particlesPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets – study of the effects arising from the interactions of electric currents with magnets, with other currents, or with themselves.
Electrohydrodynamics – Study of electrically conducting fluids in the presence of electric fields – the study of dynamics of electrically charged fluids.
Electrology – Method of hair removal – study of electricity.
Electrostatics – Study of stationary or slow-moving electric charges – study of static electricity.
Electromagnetism – Fundamental interaction between charged particles – study of electromagnetic force.
Embryology – Branch of biology studying prenatal biology
Emetology – Involuntary, forceful expulsion of stomach contents, typically via the mouthPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets – study of vomiting.
Emmenology – study of menstruation.
Endemiology – study of local diseases.
Endocrinology – Branch of medicine dealing the endocrine system
Energetics – study of energy under transformationPages displaying wikidata descriptions as a fallback – study of energy under transformation within various fields.
Engineering studies – Academic field – study of engineering.
Enigmatology – Problem or enigma that testsPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets – study of enigmas (puzzles).
Entomology – Scientific study of insects
Entozoology – study of parasites that live inside larger organisms.
Enzymology – Large biological molecule that acts as a catalystPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets – study of enzymes.
Ephebiatrics – Medical subspecialty for adolescentsPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets – branch of medicine dealing with adolescence.
Epidemiology – Study of health and disease within a population
Epileptology – Physician specializing in epileptologyPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets – study of epilepsy.
Eremology – study of deserts.
Ergology – study of effects of work on humans.
Ergonomics – Designing systems to suit their users – study of people at work.
Escapology – Practice of escaping from restraints – study of freeing oneself from constraints.
Ethnobiology – Study of how living things are used by human cultures – study of dynamic relationships between peoples.
Ethnobotany – Study of traditional plant use – study of a region's plants and their practical uses through the traditional knowledge of a local culture and people.
Ethnogeny – study of origins of races or ethnic groups.
Ethnochoreology – Field of dance study – study of dances and its implication in culture.
Ethnomusicology – Study of the cultural aspects of music – study of comparative musical systems.
Ethnology – Branch of anthropology – study of cultures.
Ethnomethodology – Study of how social order is produced – study of everyday communication and social interaction.
Ethology – Scientific objective study of non-human animal behaviour – study of natural or biological character.
Ethonomics – Personal value, basis for ethical actionPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets – study of economic and ethical principles of a society.
Etiology – Study of causation, or origination
Etymology – Study of the origin and evolution of words – study of origins of words.
Euthenics – Study of improving living conditions to increase well-being – science concerned with improving living conditions.
Exobiology – Science concerned with life in the universePages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets – study of extraterrestrial life.
Exoplanetology – study of exoplanets.

F

Felinology – Study of cats – study of felines.
Finance – Academic discipline studying businesses and investments – science or study of money management.
Fluid dynamics – Aspects of fluid mechanics involving flow
Fluid mechanics – Branch of physics concerned with the mechanics of fluids (liquids, gases, and plasmas) – study of fluids behaviour at rest and in motion.
Fluid statics – Branch of fluid mechanics that studies fluids at restPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets – study of fluids behaviour at rest.
Fluviology – study of watercourses.
Folkloristics – Branch of anthropologyPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets – study of folklore and fables.
Forestry – Science and craft of managing woodlands – study of the creation, management, use, conservation, and repair of forests and associated resources.
Fracture mechanics – Study of propagation of cracks in materials
Futurology – Study of postulating possible, probable, and preferable futures
Forensic science – Application of science to criminal and civil laws – the use of scientific methods or expertise to investigate crimes or examine evidence that might be presented in a court of law

G

Garbology – Study of modern refuse
Gastroenterology – Branch of medicine focused on the digestive system and its disorders
Gemmology – Science dealing with natural and artificial gemstone materialsPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets – study of gems and jewels
Gender Studies – Interdisciplinary field of studyPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets – study of gender
Genealogy – Study of individual descent and bloodline – study of descent of families
Genesiology – study of reproduction and heredity
Genetics – Science of genes, heredity, and variation in living organisms
Geochemistry – Science that applies chemistry to analyze geological systems – study of chemistry of the Earth's crust
Geochronology – Science of determining the age of rocks, sediments and fossils – study of measuring geological time
Geography – Study of lands and inhabitants of Earth – study of surface of the earth and its inhabitants
Geology – Scientific study of Earth's physical composition – study of the rocks of a planet
Geometry – Branch of mathematics – study the sizes, shapes, positions, angles and dimensions of things.
Geomorphogeny – study of the characteristics, origins, and development of land forms
Geomorphology – Scientific study of landforms – study of landforms and landform evolution
Geoponics – Science of cultivating the earth – study of agriculture
Geotechnics – Scientific study of earth materials in engineering problemsPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets – study of increasing habitability of the Earth
Geratology – Study of the social, psychological and biological aspects of agingPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets – study of decadence and decay
Gerocomy – study of old age
Gerontology – Study of the social, psychological and biological aspects of aging
Gigantology – study of giants
Glaciology – Scientific study of ice and natural phenomena involving ice
Glossology – Scientific study of languagePages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets – study of language; study of the tongue
Gnomonics – science that studies sundialsPages displaying wikidata descriptions as a fallback – the art of measuring time using sundials
Gnotobiology – Organism with fully-known microorganismsPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets – study of life in germ-free conditions
Googology – Numbers significantly larger than those used regularlyPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets – study of large numbers
Graminology – Scientific study of the grassesPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets
Grammatology – Study of graphemes and writing systemsPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets – study of systems of writing
Graphemics – Study of graphemes and writing systems – study of systems of representing speech in writing
Graphology – Pseudoscientific analysis of handwriting – study of handwriting
Gromatics – Ancient Roman land surveyorsPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets – science of surveying
Gynaecology – Medical area for women's reproductive health – study of women's physiology
Gyrostatics – study of rotating bodies

H

Haemataulics – study of movement of blood through blood vessels
Halieutics – study of fishing
Harmonics – Science of musical sounds
Helcology – study of ulcers
Heliology – Scientific study of the sun
Helioseismology – Study of the structure and dynamics of the Sun through its oscillation
Helminthology – Study of parasitic worms (helminths)
Hematology – Study of blood and blood diseases
Hemodynamics – Dynamics of blood flow – study of the dynamics behind blood circulation
Hepatology – Medical specialty – study of liver, gallbladder, biliary tree, and pancreas
Heredity – Passing of traits to offspring from the species' parents or ancestor – study of passing of traits from parents to offspring
Hermeology – study of Mercury
Herpetology – Study of amphibians and reptiles
Hippiatrics – study of diseases of horses
Hippology – Study of horses
Histology – Study of the microscopic anatomy of cells and tissues of plants and animals
Histopathology – Microscopic examination of tissue in order to study and diagnose disease – study of changes in tissue due to disease
Historiography – Study of the methods used by historians
Historiology – The study of history.
Home economics – Study of household management
Hoplology – The study of human combative behavior and performance
Horography – art of constructing sundials or clocks
Horology – Art or science of measuring time – science of time measurement
Horticulture – Small-scale cultivation of plants – study of gardening
Hydraulics – Applied engineering involving liquids – study of application of engineering, chemistry and other fields of science involving the use of liquids
Hydrobiology – Science of life and life processes in water – study of aquatic organisms
Hydrodynamics – Study of liquids in motion
Hydrogeology – Study of the distribution and movement of groundwater
Hydrography – Measurement of bodies of water
Hydrokinetics – study of motion of fluids
Hydrology – Science of the movement, distribution, and quality of water on Earth – study of water resources
Hydrometeorology – Branch of meteorology and hydrology – study of atmospheric moisture
Hydrostatics – Branch of fluid mechanics that studies fluids at rest
Hyetology – science of rainfall
Hygiastics – science of health and hygiene
Hygienics – Practices performed to preserve healthPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets – study of sanitation; health
Hygiology – hygienics; study of cleanliness
Hygroscopy – Phenomenon of attracting and holding water molecules – study of humidity
Hygrometry – Study of gas-vapor mixturesPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets – science of humidity
Hypnology – Study of sleep and hypnotic phenomena – study of sleep; study of hypnosis.
Hypsography – Measurement of the elevation and depth of features on Earth's surface relative to mean sea level.Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets – science of measuring heights

I

Iamatology – Obsolete synonym for the study of therapies.
Iatrology – treatise or text on medical topics; study of medicine
Ichnography – Architectural diagram showing interior layout of a buildingPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets – art of drawing ground plans; a ground plan
Ichnology – Study of trace fossils
Ichthyology – Branch of zoology devoted to the study of fish
Iconography – Branch of art history – study of drawing symbols
Iconology – Method of interpretation in cultural history – study of icons; symbols
Ideogeny – study of origins of ideas
Ideology – Set of beliefs and values attributed to a person or group of people – science of ideas; system of ideas used to justify behaviour
Idiomology – study of idiom, jargon or dialect
Idiopsychology – study of the psychology of one's own mind
Immunochemistry – Study of the chemistry of the immune system.
Immunogenetics – Branch of medical genetics that studies genetic interactions related to the immune system – study of genetic characteristics of immunity
Immunology – Branch of medicine studying the immune system
Immunopathology – Branch of medicine that deals with immune responses associated with disease
Information science – Academic field concerned with collection and analysis of information
Information technology (IT) – Computer-based technology
Insectology – Scientific study ofi insects, or relationships between insects and humans
Irenology – Social science study of peace – study of peace

K

Kalology – study of beauty
Karstology – Scientific study of the various aspects of karst regions
Karyology – Photographic display of total chromosome complement in a cellPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets – study of cell nuclei
Kinematics – Branch of physics describing the motion of objects without considering forces – study of motion
Kinesics – Interpretation of body motion communication – study of gestural communication
Kinesiology – Study of human body movement – study of human movement and posture
Kinetics – Subfield of physics – study of forces producing or changing motion
Koniology – Study of atmospheric dust and its effects – study of atmospheric pollutants and dust
Ktenology – Scientific study of killing
Kymatology – Branch of physics concerned with the mechanics of fluids (liquids, gases, and plasmas)Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets – study of wave motion

L

Larithmics – study of population statistics
Laryngology – Medical specialty that deals with the larynx
Lepidopterology – Branch of entomology that studies moths and butterflies
Leprology – The study of leprosy and its treatment
Lexicology – Linguistic discipline studying words – study of words and their meanings
Lexigraphy – Grapheme which represents a word or a morphemePages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets – art of definition of words
Library science – Branch of academic disciplines – study of collection of information
Lichenology – Branch of mycology that studies lichens
Library and information science – Branch of academic disciplines – study of organization, access, collection, and protection/regulation of information, whether in physical or digital forms.
Limacology – The study of slugs
Limnobiology – study of freshwater ecosystems
Limnology – Science of inland aquatic ecosystems
Linguistics – Scientific study of language
Loimology – study of plagues and epidemics
Logics – Study of correct reasoning
Loxodromy – study of sailing along rhumb-lines
Ludology – Study of games and the act of playing them

M

Macroeconomics – Study of an economy as a whole – branch of economics dealing with the performance, structure, behavior, and decision-making of the whole economy
Magnetics – Class of physical phenomenaPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets – study of magnetism
Magnetohydrodynamics – Model of electrically conducting fluids – study of electrically conducting fluids
Magnetostatics – Branch of physics about magnetism in systems with steady electric currents – study of magnetic fields in systems where the currents are steady
Malacology – Study of molluscs
Malariology – Study of the mosquito borne disease, malaria
Mammalogy – Study of mammals
Marine biology – Scientific study of organisms that live in the ocean – study of the ocean's ecosystem
Mastology – Study of mammals – study of mammals
Mathematics – Area of knowledge – study of magnitude, number, and forms
Mazology – mammalogy; study of mammals
Mechanics – Science concerned with physical bodies subjected to forces or displacements
Meconology – study of or treatise concerning opium
Media studies – Field of study that deals with media
Medicine – Diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of illness
Melissopalynology – The study of pollen contained in honey
Melittology – Scientific study of bees
Melology – Scholarly study of musicPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets – study of music; musicology
Mereology – Study of parts and the wholes they form – study of part-whole relationships
Mesology – Study of organisms and their environmentPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets – ecology
Metallogeny – Study of the genesis and geographic distribution of mineral deposits – study of the origin and distribution of metal deposits
Metallography – Study of metals using microscopy – study of the structure and constitution of metals
Metallurgy – Field of science that studies the physical and chemical behavior of metals
Metaphysics – Study of fundamental reality – study of principles of nature and thought
Metapolitics – Political discourse about politics itself – study of politics in theory or abstract
Metapsychology – Psychological aspect – study of nature of the mind
Metascience – Scientific study of science
Meteoritics – Scientific study of meteors, meteorites and meteoroids
Meteorology – Interdisciplinary scientific study of the atmosphere focusing on weather forecasting
Methodology – Study of research methods
Methyology – study of alcohol
Metrology – Science of measurement and its application
Microanatomy – Study of the microscopic anatomy of cells and tissues
Microbial ecology – Study of the relationship of microorganisms with their environment
Microbiology – Study of microscopic organisms (microbes)
Microclimatology – Local set of atmospheric conditions that differ significantly from the surrounding areaPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets – study of local climates
Microeconomics – Behavior of individuals and firms – branch of economics that studies the behavior of individual households and firms in making decisions on the allocation of limited resources
Micrology – study or discussion of trivialities
Micropalaeontology – Branch of paleontology that studies microfossils
Microphytology – study of very small plant life
Military science – Theory, method, and practice of producing military capability
Mineralogy – Scientific study of minerals and mineralised artifacts
Molecular biology – Branch of biology that studies biological systems at the molecular level
Molinology – Study of devices which use energy for mechanical purposes
Momilogy – study of mummies
Morphology – study of forms and the development of structures
Morphometrics – Quantitative study of size and shape – study of size and shape
Muscology – Branch of botany concerned with the study of bryophytesPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets – study of mosses
Museology – Study of museums
Musicology – Scholarly study of music – study of music
Mycology – Branch of biology concerned with the study of fungi
Myology – Study of the muscular system – study of muscles
Myrmecology – Study of ants
Mythology – Type of traditional narrativePages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets – study of myths; fables; tales

N

Naology – study of church or temple architecture
Nautics – study and art of navigation
Navigation – Process of monitoring and controlling the movement of a craft or vehicle from one place to another – study of controlling a movement of a vehicle from one place to another
Necroplanetology – Study of the process of planetary destruction – study of the destruction of planets
Nematology – Scientific study of roundworms
Neonatology – Medical care of newborns, especially the ill or premature
Neossology – study of nestling birds
Nephology – Scientific study of clouds
Nephrology – Medical study concerned with the kidneys
Neurobiology – Scientific study of the nervous system
Neuroeconomics – Interdisciplinary field – study of human decision making and the ability to process multiple alternatives and to choose an optimal course of action
Neurology – Medical specialty dealing with disorders of the nervous system
Neuropsychology – Study of the brain related to specific psychological processes and behaviors
Neuroscience – Scientific study of the nervous system – study of development, work and structure of nervous system
Neurypnology – study of hypnotism
Neutrosophy – study of the origin and nature of philosophical neutralities
Nomology – Science of laws in philosophy
Noology – Spanish philosopher (1898–1983)Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets – science of the intellect
Nosology – Branch of medicine that deals with classification of diseases
Nostology – study of senility
Notaphily – Study of paper currency – study and collecting of bank-notes and cheques
Numismatics – Study of currencies, coins and paper money
Nymphology – study of nymphs
Nanotechnology – Technology with features near one nanometer

O

Obstetrics – Medical specialty concerning pregnancy and childbirth
Oceanography – Study of physical, chemical, and biological processes in the ocean
Oceanology – Scientific study of the ocean
Odontology – Scientific study of teeth
Odonatology – Study of dragonflies and damselflies
Oenology – Study of wine and winemaking
Oikology – science of housekeeping
Olfactology – study of the sense of smell
Ombrology – study of rain
Oncology – Branch of medicine dealing with, or specializing in, cancer
Oneirology – Scientific study of dreams
Onomasiology – Branch of linguistics concerned with how to express a given concept – study of nomenclature
Onomastics – Study of proper names
Ontology – Philosophical study of being – science of pure being; the nature of things
Oology – Branch of ornithology studying bird eggs, nests and breeding behavior
Ophiology, also known as ophidiology – Branch of herpetology that studies snakes
Ophthalmology – Field of medicine treating eye disorders
Optics – Branch of physics that studies light
Optology – study of sight
Optometry – Field of medicine treating eye disorders – science of examining the eyes
Orchidology – Scientific study of orchids
Ornithology – Study of birds
Organology – Collection of tissues with similar functionsPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets (biology) – study of form, structure, development, and functions of plant or animal organs
Organology – Science of musical instruments and their classifications (musicology) – study of musical instruments in relation to history, culture, construction, acoustic properties and classification
Orology, also known as Mountain research – Study of mountain environments
Orthoepy – Correct pronunciation of a language
Orthography – Set of conventions for written language
Orthopterology – Study of grasshoppers and related insects
Oryctology – mineralogy or paleontology
Osmics – scientific study of smells
Osmology – study of smells and olfactory processes
Osphresiology – study of the sense of smell
Osteology – Scientific study of bones
Otology – Branch of medicine for the ear
Otorhinolaryngology – Medical specialty of the head and neck

P

Paedology – Study of children's behavior and development
Paidonosology – study of children's diseases; pediatrics
Palaeoanthropology – Study of ancient humans
Palaeobiology – Study of organic evolution using fossils
Palaeoclimatology – Study of changes in ancient climate
Palaeoichthyology – study of ancient fish
Palaeolimnology – Scientific study of ancient lakes and streams
Palaeontology – Study of life before the Holocene epoch
Palaeopedology – Discipline studying soils of the past eras
Paleobotany – Study of organic evolution of plants based on fossils
Paleo-osteology – study of ancient bones
Paleoseismology – Study of earthquakes that happened in the past
Palynology – Study of pollen and other acid-resistant microoscopic organic material
Papyrology – Scientific study of ancient manuscripts
Paradoxology – Statement that apparently contradicts itselfPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets – study of paradoxes
Parapsychology – Study of paranormal and psychic phenomena
Parasitology – Study of parasites, their hosts, and the relationship between them
Paroemiology – study of proverbs
Parthenology – study of virgins
Particle physics – Study of subatomic particles and forces
Pathology – Study of disease
Pedagogics – Theory and practice of educationPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets
Pedology – Study of soils in their natural environment
Pelology – study of mud
Penology – Subfield of criminology – study of crime and punishment
Periodontology, also known as Periodontics – Field of dentistry
Pestology – Scientific study of insectsPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets – science of pests
Petrology – Branch of geology that studies the formation, composition, distribution and structure of rocks
Pharmacognosy – Study of drugs obtained from natural sources
Pharmacology – Science of drugs and medications and their effects
Pharology – Scientific study of lighthouses and signal lights
Pharyngology – study of the throat
Phenology – Study of periodic events in biological life cycles
Phenomenology – Philosophical method and schools of philosophy – study of phenomena
Philology – Study of language in historical sources
Philosophy – Study of general and fundamental questions – science of knowledge or wisdom
Phoniatrics – Sudy and treatment of organs involved in speech production
Phonetics – Study of how humans produce and perceive sounds
Phonology – Study of sound organization in languages
Photobiology – Scientific study of light's effect on living organisms
Photonics – Technical applications of optics – study of photons
Phraseology – Linguistic study of phrases
Phycology – Branch of botany concerned with the study of algae
Phylogenetics, also known as Phylogeny – Study of evolutionary relationships between organisms
Physics – Scientific field of study
Physiology – Science regarding functions in organisms or living systems
Phytology, also known as Botany – Study of plant life
Piscatology – study of fishes
Pisteology – science or study of faith
Planetary science, also known as Planetology – Science of planets and planetary systems
Plumology – Study of feathers
Plutology – political economy; study of wealth
Pneumatics – Use of pressurised gas in mechanical systems – study of mechanics of gases
Pneumonology – Study of respiratory diseases
Podiatry, also known as Podology – Medicine branch focusing on the human lower extremities
Political science – Scientific study of politics
Polemology – Multidisciplinary study of war
Pomology – Study of fruits and their cultivation
Pogonology – Hair that grows on the lower part of the facePages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets – study of beards
Posology – Study of dosage of medicines
Potamology – Study of rivers
Pragmatics – Branch of linguistics and semiotics relating context to meaning
Praxeology – Theory of human action
Primatology – Scientific study of primates
Proctology – Study of the structure and diseases of the anus, rectum, and sigmoid colon
Protistology – Scientific discipline devoted to the study of protists – study of protists
Proxemics – Study of human use of space and the effects that population density has on behavior
Psephology – Quantitative scientific analysis of elections and balloting (within political science) – study of election results and voting trends
Pseudology – art or science of lying
Pseudoptics – study of optical illusions
Psychobiology – Neuroscience of behaviour
Psychogenetics – Study of genetic-environment interactions influencing behaviour – study of internal or mental states
Psychognosy – study of mentality, personality or character
Psycholinguistics – Study of relations between psychology and language
Psychology – Study of mental functions and behaviors
Psychopathology – Scientific study of mental disorders
Psychophysics – Branch of knowledge relating physical stimuli and psychological perception
Pteridology – Class of vascular plantsPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets – study of ferns
Pterylology – study of distribution of feathers on birds
Punnology – study of puns
Pyretology – study of fevers
Pyrgology – study of towers
Pyroballogy – study of artillery
Pyrography – Art or decoration made from burn marks – study of woodburning
Pyrotechnics – Science of creating combustibles and explosives for entertainment – study of combustion through fire or explosions

Q

Quantum computing – Computer hardware technology that uses quantum mechanics – the exploitation of collective properties of quantum states, such as superposition and entanglement, to perform computation.
Quantum mechanics – Description of physical properties at the atomic and subatomic scale – a fundamental theory in physics which describes nature at the smallest scales of energy levels of atoms and subatomic particles
Quantum physics – Description of physical properties at the atomic and subatomic scale – the study of matter and energy at the most fundamental level
Queer theory – Field of critical theory – study of issues related to sexual orientation and gender identity
Quinology – study of quinine.

R

Radiobiology – Study of effects of radiation on living things – study of the scientific principles, mechanisms, and effects of the interaction of ionizing radiation with living matter
Radiochemistry – Chemistry of radioactive materials – study of ordinary chemical reactions under radioactive circumstances
Radiology – Branch of medicine specialising in medical imaging
Rheology – Study of the flow of matter, primarily in a fluid state
Rheumatology – Medical speciality of inflammatory diseases
Rhinology – Study of the nose and sinuses
Rhochrematics – science of inventory management and the movement of products
Robotics – Design, construction, use, and application of robots
Rocket Science – study and engineering of rockets
Runology – Study of Runic alphabets

S

Sarcology – study of fleshy parts of the body
Scatology – Study of faeces – study of excrement or obscene literature
Schematonics – art of using gesture to express tones
Sciagraphy – Study of perspective shadow projection – art of shading
Scientific modelling – Scientific activity that produces models – study of application of models to understand a particular problem
Scientific programming – Language for communicating instructions to a machine – study of programming
Scripophily – Study and collection of stock and bond certificates
Sedimentology – Study of natural sediments and their formation processes
Seismology – Scientific study of earthquakes and propagation of elastic waves through a planet
Selenodesy – Study of the surface and shape of the Moon
Selenology – Structure and composition of the Moon – study of the Moon
Semantics – Study of meaning in language
Semantology – science of meanings of words
Semasiology – Branch of linguistics about what words mean
Semiology – Study of signs and sign processesPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets – study of signs and signals
Semiotics – Study of signs and sign processes
Serology – Scientific study of serum and other bodily fluids
Sexology – Scientific study of human sexuality
Siderology – study of iron and its alloys, including steel
Significs – Linguistic and philosophical term – science of meaning
Silvics – Practice of controlling forests for timber productionPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets – study of tree's life
Sindonology – Scientific analysis of the Shroud.of Turin
Sinology – Area studies focused on China
Sitology – Expert in nutrition and malnutritionPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets – dietetics
Sociobiology – Subdiscipline of biology regarding social behavior – study of biological basis of human behaviour
Socioeconomics – Social sciencePages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets – study of the relationship between economy and society
Sociolinguistics – Study of how society affects language
Sociology – Social science that studies human society and its development
Solid mechanics – Branch of mechanics concerned with solid materials and their behaviors
Somatology – Branch of anthropology that studies the physical development of the human speciesPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets – science of substances
Snow hydrology – Field of snow science concerning its composition and dispersion
Spectrology – Study involving matter and electromagnetic radiationPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets
Spectroscopy – Study involving matter and electromagnetic radiation – study of spectra
Speleology – Science of cave and karst systems
Spermology – Embryonic plant enclosed in a protective outer covering – study of seeds
Sphagnology – study of peat moss
Sphygmology – Study of the pulse
Splanchnology – Study of the visceral organs
Spongology – study of sponges
Stasiology – study of political parties
Statics – Branch of mechanics concerned with balance of forces in nonmoving systems
Stellar astronomy – Study of stars and stellar evolution
Stemmatics, also known as Stemmatology – Identification of textual variantsPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets – study of relationships between text
Stereochemistry – Subdiscipline of chemistry – study of chemistry of the relative spatial arrangement of atoms that form the structure of molecules and their manipulation.
Stoichiology – science of elements of animal tissues
Stomatology – Study of oral medicine – study of the mouth
Storiology – study of folk tales
Stratigraphy – Study of rock layers and their formation
Stratography – art of leading an army
Stylometry – Study of writing style – studying literature by means of statistical analysis
Suicidology – Scientific study of suicide and self-destructive behaviors
Supramolecular chemistry – Branch of chemistry – study of the chemistry of assembled molecular sub-units
Symbology – Something that represents an idea, process, or physical entityPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets – study of symbols
Symptomatology – Indications of a specific illness, including psychiatricPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets – study of symptoms of illness
Synecology – Associated populations of species in a given areaPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets – study of ecological communities
Synectics – Thought process for making the strange familiar and the familiar strange – study of processes of invention
Syntax – System responsible for combining morphemes into complex structures – study of sentence structure
Syphilology – Sexually transmitted infectionPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets – study of syphilis
Systematics – Branch of biology – study of the diversification of living forms, both past and present
Systems science – Study of the nature of systems – study of systems

T

Taxidermy – Stuffing and mounting dead animals for display – art of curing and stuffing animals
Taxonomy – Science of naming, defining and classifying organisms
Tectonics – Process of evolution of the Earth's crust
Teleology – Thinking in terms of destiny or purpose – study of final causes; analysis in terms of purpose
Telmatology – Branch of physical geography concerned with the study of wetlands
Tempestology – The study of cyclones, hurricanes and similar extreme weather events
Teratology – Study of developmental anomalies
Terrestrial ecology – Study of terrestrial ecosystems and the biotic and abiotic things that occupy them.
Teuthology – Study of cephalopods
Textology – Identification of textual variants – study of the production of texts
Thalassography – science of the seas and gulfs
Thanatology – Scientific study of death and its aspects
Thaumatology – The study of miracles – study of miracles
Theology – Study of the nature of deities and religious beliefs - study of religion
Theoretical computer science – Subfield of computer science and mathematics
Theriogenology – Veterinary specialty concerning reproduction
Thermodynamics – Physics of heat, work, and temperature
Thermokinematics – study of motion of heat
Thermology – thermography used for medical diagnosisPages displaying wikidata descriptions as a fallback – study of heat
Therology – Study of mammals
Thremmatology – science of breeding domestic animals and plants
Threpsology – science of nutrition
Tidology – study of tides
Timbrology – study of postage stamps
Tocology – Medical specialty encompassing two subspecialtiesPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets – obstetrics; midwifery
Tokology – Medical specialty encompassing two subspecialtiesPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets – study of childbirth
Tonetics – Use of pitch to distinguish lexical or grammatical meaningPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets
Topography – Study of the forms of land surfaces
Topology – Branch of mathematics – study of places and their natural features
Toponymy, also known as Toponymics – Study of place names
Toxicology – Study of substances harmful to living organisms
Traumatology – Medicine branch – study of wounds and their effects
Tribology – Science and engineering of interacting surfaces in relative motion
Trichology – The study of the hair and scalp
Trophology – Science of nutrition
Tsiganology – study of gypsies
Turbology – study of tornadoes
Typhlology – study of blindness and the blind
Typography – Art of arranging type – art and technique of arranging type

Typology – study of types of things

U

Uranography – Part of astronomy concerned with mapping of stars
Uranology – Science of the heavens (historical)
Urbanology – Study dealing with specialized problems of cities
Urenology – study of rust molds
Urogynecology – Sub-specialty of urology and gynecology
Urology – Medical specialty on the urinary and reproductive systems

V

Vaccinology – Science of vaccine development and production
Valeology – study of healthy living
Venereology – Branch of medicine dealing with the study and treatment of sexually transmitted diseases
Venology – The study of veins.
Veterinary medicine – Branch of medicine for non-human animals
Vexillography – Art and practice of designing flags – the art and practice of designing flags
Vexillology – Study of flags
Victimology – Study of victimization
Vinology – scientific study of vines and winemaking
Virology – Study of viruses
Vitaminology – The study of vitamins.
Vitrics – study, art and technology of glassy materials; glassware
Volcanology – Study of volcanoes

W

Webology – Academic journal on the World Wide Web – study of World Wide Web

X

Xenobiology – Science of synthetic life forms – study of biological systems which do not exist in nature
Xylography – Broad term for woodblock printing techniques
Xylology – Science of wood

Z

Zenography – The study of the planet Jupiter
Zooarchaeology – Analysis of animal remains found in archaeological sites
Zoochemistry – study of chemistry of animals
Zoogeography – Science of the geographic distribution of animal species
Zoogeology – study of fossil animal remains
Zoology – Scientific study of animals
Zoonomy – study of animal physiology
Zoonosology – study of animal diseases
Zoopathology – Study and diagnosis of disease in animals
Zoophysics – Study of physics relating to structure and function of animal organs and bodies.
Zoophysiology – study of physiology of animals
Zoophytology – study of plant-like animals
Zoosemiotics – Study of the use of signs among animals – study of animal communication
Zootaxy – Scientific classification of animals.
Zootechnics – Science of managing domestic or captive animals
Zygology – science of joining and fastening
Zymology – Study of fermentation and its uses
Zymurgy – Applied chemistry of fermentation processes
Zythology – Study of beer and beer-brewing.

References

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