Iron Gate I Hydroelectric Power Station

(Redirected from Iron Gate I) Dam in Serbia, Romania

Iron Gate I Hydroelectric Power Station
Iron Gates seen from Kladovo
Location of Iron Gate I Hydroelectric Power Station in SerbiaShow map of SerbiaIron Gate I Hydroelectric Power Station (Romania)Show map of Romania
Location	Iron Gate Serbia Romania
Coordinates	44°40′15″N 22°31′45″E / 44.67083°N 22.52917°E / 44.67083; 22.52917
Construction began	7 September 1964
Opening date	16 May 1972 (1972-05-16)
Dam and spillways
Impounds	Danube River
Height	60 m (200 ft)
Length	1,278 m (4,193 ft)
Reservoir
Creates	Iron Gate I Reservoir
Total capacity	2.1 km (0.50 cu mi)
Catchment area	577,250 km (222,880 sq mi)
Surface area	104.41 km (40.31 sq mi)
Power Station
Turbines	Romania: 6 × 194.3 MW Serbia: 6 × 201 MW
Installed capacity	2,371.8 MW
Annual generation	Romania: 5.24 TWh Serbia: 5.65 TWh

The Iron Gate I Hydroelectric Power Station (Romanian: Porțile de Fier I, Serbian: Ђердап I/Đerdap I) is the largest dam on the Danube river and one of the largest hydro power plants in Europe. It is located on the Iron Gate gorge, between Romania and Serbia.

The Romanian side of the power station produces approximately 5.24 TWh annually, while the Serbian side of the power station produces 5.65 TWh.

History

The project started in 1964 as a joint-venture between the governments of Romania and Yugoslavia for the construction of a major dam on the Danube River which would serve both countries. At the time of completion in 1972, it was the 10th largest hydroelectric power stations in the world with twelve Kaplan turbines generating 2,052 MW, divided equally between the two countries at 1,026 MW each.

The small inhabited island of Ada Kaleh was submerged during the construction.

Modernization

As the original turbines' 30 years lifespan came to an end, in 1998 the Romanian half of the dam started a program of modernization. As part of this program, the first of the turbines was stopped in 1999. By 2007 the program was completed and the Romanian half of the dam's operations were back to full capacity. The nominal capacity of each of the six units was increased from 171 MW to 194.3 MW, thus giving an installed capacity of 1,165.8 MW and increasing the entire power generation capacity of the dam to 2,192 MW at the time. On the Serbian part of the dam, modernization started in July 2008; till March 2016 were modernised units 4 to 6. Modernisation was finished in December 2023, the nominal capacity of each of the six units was increased from 174 MW to 201 MW. Units were upgraded with the help of Russian company Power Machines from Saint Petersburg, as well as their subcontractors with the participation of eleven domestic companies.

In addition to the upgrades, the Serbian side is planning on building a new, smaller power station, called Iron Gate III (Serbian: Ђердап III/Đerdap III).

Gallery

Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej and Josip Broz Tito signing the treaty that allowed for the construction process to begin, 30 November 1963
Foundations being laid on the Yugoslav side
Concrete slabs being thrown into the Danube to temporarily redirect the flow of water
Foundations being built on the Romanian side
Overview of the construction site from Davidovac on the Yugoslavian side towards Gura Văii on the Romanian site, the viaducts of the new DN6 trunk road and of the Craiova-Caransebeș railway are also seen under construction on the Romanian side
Opened floodgates during construction
The foundations for the turbine and aggregates on the Romanian side
Engineers working on the turbine shaft on the Romanian side
Model of the power station made in Belgrade
Josip Broz Tito on the opening day, 16 May 1972

References

"Specifications". Archived from the original on 2016-01-27. Retrieved 2010-08-08.
^ HE Djerdap (in Serbian) Archived 2009-08-13 at the Wayback Machine
"Hidroelectrica". Archived from the original on 2012-11-22. Retrieved 2012-09-01.
"ХЕ Ђердап - Технички инфо - Ревитализација". Archived from the original on 2009-06-27. Retrieved 2009-03-26.
""Силовые машины» изготовили партию гидрооборудования для сербской ГЭС «Джердап-1"". www.power-m.ru. Archived from the original on 2017-11-07. Retrieved 2017-11-04.
"Реновация ГЭС "Джердап-1", важнейшего российско-сербского проекта, завершена - посол РФ".
"HE Đerdap - Razvoj". Archived from the original on 2009-10-06. Retrieved 2009-03-26.

External links

Description (in Romanian)

High capacity power stations in Romania

(more than 100 MW installed capacity)

Thermal

Coal and oil	Turceni - 1,320 MW Rovinari - 990 MW Ișalnița - 315 MW Craiova II - 300 MW Borzești II - 250 MW Halânga - 247 MW Oradea - 205 MW Paroșeni - 150 MW Giurgiu - 150 MW Pitești Sud - 136 MW Arad - 112 MW Brașov - 100 MW Suceava - 100 MW

Natural gas	Petrom Brazi - 860 MW Borzești - 655 MW Bucharest South - 550 MW Galați - 535 MW Bucharest West - 310 MW Iernut - 300 MW Alum Tulcea - 250 MW Fântânele - 250 MW Buzău - 207 MW Govora - 200 MW Progresu - 200 MW Iaşi I - 150 MW Brazi II - 150 MW Brazi - 130 MW Grozăvești - 100 MW Iaşi II - 100 MW Holboca - 100 MW Palas - 100 MW Mintia-Deva

Hydroelectric

Iron Gate I - 1,168 MW
Tarnița – Lăpuștești - 1,000 MW
Iron Gate II - 591 MW
Lotru-Ciunget - 510 MW
Râul Mare - 335 MW
Mărișelu - 221 MW
Vidraru - 220 MW
Bicaz-Stejaru - 210 MW
Ruieni - 153 MW
Nehoiașu - 152 MW
Oașa - 150 MW
Șugag - 150 MW
Remeți - 146 MW
Brădișor - 115 MW
Tismana - 106 MW

Nuclear

Cernavodă Nuclear Power Plant - 1,300 MW

Wind farms

Sinus Holding - 700 MW
Fântânele-Cogealac - 600 MW
Blackstone - 500 MW
Deleni - 500 MW
Eolica Cogealac - 448 MW
Mărişelu - 300 MW
Eolica Săcele - 252 MW
Eolica Casimcea - 244 MW
Văcăreni - 240 MW
Verbund Casimcea - 225 MW
Green Energy - 200 MW
Pechea - 150 MW
Sabloal Valea Dacilor - 147 MW
EDP Cernavodă - 138 MW
Eolica Beidaud - 128 MW
Eolica Baia - 126 MW
Eolica Sarichioi - 102 MW
Gheorgheni - 100 MW

Solar parks

Arad 1 - 1044 MW
CEF Nadab 1 - 363 MW
CEF Nadab 2 - 302 MW
CEF Bucșsani - 221 MW
CEF Corbii Mari - 217 MW
CEF Iepurești - 165 MW
Rătești - 155 MW
CEF Vadeni 1 - 145 MW
CEF Vadeni 2 - 145 MW
CEF Calugăreni 2 - 121 MW
CEF Dobra - 117 MW
CEF Vacarești - 108 MW

v t e Hydroelectric dams on the Danube
Beuron Rechtenstein Alfredstal Öpfingen Ersingen Donaustetten Wiblingen Böfinger Halde Oberelchingen Leipheim Günzburg Offingen Grundelfingen Faimingen Dillingen Höchstädt Schwenningen Donauwörth Bertoldsheim Bittenbrunn Bergheim Ingolstadt Vohburg Bad Abbach I Bad Abbach II Regensburg Geisling Straubing Kachlet Jochenstein Aschach Ottensheim-Wilhering Abwinden-Asten Wallsee-Mitterkirchen Ybbs-Persenbeug Melk Altenwörth Greifenstein Nussdorf Freudenau Gabčíkovo Iron Gate I Iron Gate II

Hydroelectric dams on the Danube