Ivolginsky Datsan (Russian: Иволгинский Дацан) is the center of the Buddhist Traditional Sangha of Russia. It is a Buddhist temple located in Buryatia, Russia, 23 km from Ulan-Ude, near Verkhnyaya Ivolga village.
The spiritual activity of the datsan is manifested in temple rites, medical practice, and a traditional system of Buddhist education.
History
The datsan opened in 1945 as the only Buddhist spiritual centre of the USSR. Its name was changed from Khambin Sume (Хамбинское Сумэ) to the Monastic Centre (Средняя Иволга).
It was the residence of the Central Spiritual Board of Buddhists of the USSR and later of the Buddhist Traditional Sangha of Russia, as well as that of Pandido Khambo lama, the head of the Russian Buddhists. The Dashi Choinkhorling Buddhist university was opened in 1991 attached to the datsan.
Culture
Although built in the late 1940s with light-colored brick, the temple displays traditional proportions and ornamentation. The first level is devoted to study and prayer. The second level preserves sacred texts. The third level, the gonkan, serves as an inner sanctum devoted to the guardian deities. The gonkan is surrounded by an open gallery to allow ceremonial processions around the sacred space.
Unique samples of Buryat art, as thangkas, sculptures, and ritual objects are gathered and preserved at the datsan. Among the monastery's treasures is a collection of Buddhist manuscripts written in Tibetan language on silk, and a greenhouse with a sacred Bodhi tree.
As a cultural and religious monument, the datsan is protected by the State. The Datsan Centre consists of such temples as Sockshin-dugan, Maidrin-sume, Devazhin and Sakhiusan-sume. A library, hotel, the Choyra (Faculty of Philosophy), Dashi Choinhorlin (building of the Buddhist University), Museum of Buryat Art, suburgans (stupas), are available.
Within the complex is the Korean style wooden Etigel Khambin temple that honors the 12th Khambo Lama whose body was recently exhumed.
Itigelov
Main article: Dashi-Dorzho ItigelovIn 1927, the 12th Pandito Hambo Lama of the Dashi-Dorzho Itigelov, told his students and fellow monks to bury his body after his death and to check on it in 30 years. According to the story, Itigelov then sat in the lotus position, began chanting the prayer of death, and died, mid-meditation. The monks followed Itigilov's directions, and when they exhumed his body 30 years later, they were amazed to find no sign of decay and decomposition. Fearful of the Soviet response to the "religious miracle", the monks reburied Itigilov's body in an unmarked grave; packing the wooden coffin with salt.
Itigelov's story was not forgotten; a young lama named Bimba Dorzhiyez Buddhist whose father-in-law had witnessed the original exhumation. On September 11, 2002, the body was again exhumed, a process witnessed by twelve people, including two forensic scientists and a photographer. The official statement was issued about the body stated that it was well preserved, without major signs of decay.
Museum of the History of the Ivolginsky Datsan
On 17 September 2019 the Museum of the History of the Center of Traditional Russian Buddhism opened. The project was implemented thanks to a presidential grant in cooperation with the National Museum of Buryatia. The museum has a unique exposition about the history of Buddhism since its arrival in Russia.
See also
References
- "Ivolginsk Buddhist Datsan, with Main Temple (1940s), Ivolga, Russia". World Digital Library. 2014-03-25. Retrieved 2014-03-27.
- Trans-Siberian Railway. Lonely Planet. 2009. pp. 238–. ISBN 978-1-74104-135-4.
- "Lama Itigilov, Ivolgin Datsan, Buryatiya, Russia". 17 November 2017.
- "В Бурятии открылся музей истории Иволгинского дацана". arigus.tv (in Russian). Retrieved 2024-12-09.
External links
- Photograph of Ivolginsk Buddhist Datsan, Main Temple, Interior, Ivolga, Russia
- (in English) Site of the Buruatian Ministry of Culture
- (in English) Ivolginsky datsan
- (in English) Hambo Lama Itigelov
- (in English) Hambo Lama Itigelov at the Buddhist Channel
- (in Russian) Official home page of the Ivolginsky datsan
51°45′30″N 107°12′12″E / 51.75833°N 107.20333°E / 51.75833; 107.20333
Categories:- Buddhism in Buryatia
- Buddhism in the Soviet Union
- Buildings and structures built in the Soviet Union
- Buddhist monasteries in Russia
- Gelug monasteries
- Buildings and structures in Buryatia
- Religious organizations established in 1945
- Tourist attractions in Buryatia
- Buddhist temples in Russia
- 20th-century Buddhist temples
- Cultural heritage monuments in Buryatia
- Objects of cultural heritage of Russia of regional significance