Jantar Mantar, Ujjain - Misplaced Pages

For other uses, see Jantar Mantar (disambiguation).

Observatory in Madhya Pradesh, India

Jantar Mantar
Vedh Shala
Sun Dial at Vedh Shala
Type	Observatory
Location	Ujjain, Madhya Pradesh, India
Nearest city	Ujjain, Indore
Coordinates	23°10′17″N 75°45′59″E / 23.1713°N 75.7665°E / 23.1713; 75.7665
Area	Malwa
Elevation	75.6 meters
Founder	Maharaja Jai Singh II
Built	1725
Original use	Determine Eclipses
Rebuilt	1974
Restored	1982
Owner	Ujjain Municipal Corporation

Jantar Mantar or Vedh Shala is located in the holy city of New Ujjain. It is an observatory built by Maharaja Jai Singh II in 1725 which consists of 13 architectural astronomy instruments. The observatory is one of the five observatories built by Maharaja Jai Singh II when he was governor of Ujjain.

Vedh Shala was constructed with the aim of measuring local time, altitude (of the place) and also to measure declination of the Sun, stars and planets and to determine eclipses. Motion, speed and properties of stars and planets were also recorded using several special instruments.

Jai Singh II was also an astronomer and had deep interest in science and astronomy. In early 18th century, he sent his scholars to several countries to study design, construction and technology of the observatories and also the prevalent technology. The scholars returned with their observations and many manuals on astronomy. Subsequently between 1724 and 1737, Jai Singh II had five observatories constructed in Jaipur, Mathura, New Delhi, Ujjain and in Varanasi.

Geographically, the city of Ujjain is considered the Greenwich of India because the first meridian of longitude in the Indian tradition passes through it. Moreover, it sits on the tropic of cancer.

References

Comprehensive report on history and instrument design at Jantar Mantar
Articles on Jantar Mantar Archived 15 August 2015 at the Wayback Machine
Jantar Mantar - The Astronomical Observatories of Jai Singh II
"Welcome To Holy City Ujjain - Ved Shala (Obaervatory)". ujjain.nic.in. Archived from the original on 22 December 2001.

External links

Wikikmapia

v t e City of Ujjain
History	Avantika Avanti kingdom Harsha Empire of Harsha Malava Kingdom Malwa Subah Ardhanagari Malwa Sultanate Ashoka Chandragupta II Maurya Empire Līlāvatī Gupta Empire Yasodharman Kalidasa Aryabhata Scindia Ranoji Scindia Madhya Bharat 1996 Ujjain and Haridwar stampedes Syro-Malabar Catholic Eparchy Ujjain Simhastha
Geography	Malwa Vindhya Range Shipra River Gambhir River Kahn River
Administration	Ujjain Municipal Corporation Ujjain Development Authority Ujjain division Ujjain (Lok Sabha constituency) Ujjain Dakshin Ujjain Uttar Ghatiya
Landmarks	Ancient monuments in Ujjain Chintaman Ganesh Durgadas Ki Chhatri Harsidhhi Temple Jantar Mantar Kal Bhairav Kalidasa Akademi Kaliadeh Palace Mahakaleshwar Jyotirlinga Mangalnath Temple Sandipani Ashram Shri Dattatreya Akhara Siddha Ashram Vikramaditya Statue Vikram Udyog Nagari †
Transport	Ujjain Junction Ujjain Airstrip Vikramnagar Matana Buzurg Pingleshwar Chintaman Ganesh Nana Kheda Bus Stand Dewas Gate Bus Stand Ujjain City Transport Corporation Limited Rajputana–Malwa Railway
Education	Vikram University‎ Maharishi Panini Sanskrit Evam Vedic Vishwavidyalaya Avantika University Government Girls PG College Government Kalidas Girls College Government Law College Institute of Pharmacy Institute of Computer Science Lokmany Tilak Education College Lokmanya Tilak Science And Commerce College Mahakal Institute of Technology Mahraja College Madhav Arts and Commerce College Madhav Science College Mahakal Institute of Technology Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru Institute of Business Management Ruxmaniben Deepchand Gardi Medical College Sandipani Law College Ujjain Engineering College St Paul's Higher Secondary School St. Mary's Convent School Ujjain Public School Carmel Convent School Christ Jyoti Convent School Central School, Nagziri Kalidas Montessori School
Sports	Ujjain Divisional Cricket Association Ujjain Divisional cricket team Pipe Factory Ground Madhav College Ground Mahakal Institute of Technology Ground Dussehra Maidan Mahanada Sports Complex Ujjain Cricket Stadium * Vikram University Ground
Suburbs	Madhav Nagar Freeganj Sanwarkhedi Bhairavgarh Vikram Nagar Triveni Nagziri Nana Kheda Narsing Ghat
* Planned † Under construction

Indian mathematics

Mathematicians

Ancient	Apastamba Baudhayana Katyayana Manava Pāṇini Pingala Yajnavalkya
Classical	Āryabhaṭa I Āryabhaṭa II Bhāskara I Bhāskara II Melpathur Narayana Bhattathiri Brahmadeva Brahmagupta Govindasvāmi Halayudha Jyeṣṭhadeva Kamalakara Mādhava of Saṅgamagrāma Mahāvīra Mahendra Sūri Munishvara Narayana Parameshvara Achyuta Pisharati Jagannatha Samrat Nilakantha Somayaji Śrīpati Sridhara Gangesha Upadhyaya Varāhamihira Sankara Variar Virasena
Modern	Srinivasa Ramanujan Satyendra Nath Bose P.C. Mahalanobis Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar C.R. Rao Veeravalli S. Varadarajan S. R. Srinivasa Varadhan K. R. Parthasarathy (probabilist) M. S. Narasimhan C. S. Seshadri Harish-Chandra Subbayya Sivasankaranarayana Pillai Tilak Raj Prabhakar Manjul Bhargava Akshay Venkatesh Ravi Vakil Kannan Soundararajan Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize recipients in Mathematical Science

Treatises

Pioneering
innovations

Centres

Historians of
mathematics

Bapudeva Sastri (1821–1900)
Shankar Balakrishna Dikshit (1853–1898)
Sudhakara Dvivedi (1855–1910)
M. Rangacarya (1861–1916)
P. C. Sengupta (1876–1962)
B. B. Datta (1888–1958)
T. Hayashi
A. A. Krishnaswamy Ayyangar (1892– 1953)
A. N. Singh (1901–1954)
C. T. Rajagopal (1903–1978)
T. A. Saraswati Amma (1918–2000)
S. N. Sen (1918–1992)
K. S. Shukla (1918–2007)
K. V. Sarma (1919–2005)

Translators

Other regions

Modern
institutions

v t e Indian astronomy
Astronomers	Apastamba Aryabhata I Aryabhata II Vainu Bappu Bhāskara I Bhāskara II Baudhayana Brahmagupta Sandip Chakrabarti Radhagobinda Chandra Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar Amil Kumar Das P. Devadas Gautama Siddha M. K. Das Gupta Jyesthadeva Kamalakara Katyayana Lagadha Lalla Madhava of Sangamagrama Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis Mahavira Manava Jayant Narlikar Parameshvara Achyuta Pisharati Venkatraman Radhakrishnan J. J. Rawal Megh Nad Saha Jagannatha Samrat Bapudeva Sastri Jai Singh II of Amber Nilakantha Somayaji Sripati Mahendra Suri Govind Swarup Utpala Varahamihira Shankara Variyar Vasistha Yajnavalkya Pathani Samanta
Works	Aryabhatiya Brahmanas Aitareya Brahmana Shatapatha Brahmana Bṛhat Saṃhitā Ganitagannadi Jyotirmimamsa Shulba Sutras Panchangam Khandakhadyaka Mahādevī Makarandasarini Siddhantas Brāhmasphuṭasiddhānta Maha-Siddhanta Pancha-Siddhantika Paulisa Siddhanta Paitamaha Siddhanta Rājamṛgāṅka (astronomy book) Romaka Siddhanta Surya Siddhanta Vasishtha Siddhanta Tantrasangraha Treatise on Astrology of the Kaiyuan Era Vākyakaraṇa Vedanga Jyotisha Vedas Atharvaveda Rigveda Yavanajataka Zij
Instruments	Armillary sphere Astrolabe Celestial globe Compass Cross-staff Dioptra Equatorial ring Equatorial sundial Globe Gnomon Mural instrument Quadrant Sextant Sundial Triquetrum Water clock Yantraraja
Concepts	Axial tilt Azimuth Cardinal direction Celestial equator Celestial sphere Celestial spheres Center of mass Circular orbit Deferent and epicycle Earth's rotation Eccentricity Ecliptic Elliptic orbit Equant Geocentrism Geoheliocentrism Globe Gravity Heliocentrism Hindu units of time Jyotiṣa Kali ahargaṇa Kalpa Karana Manvantara Moonlight Nakshatra Nityayoga Parallax Precession Ritu Spherical Earth Sunlight Tithi Vāra Yuga Zodiacal sign
Centres	Jantar Mantar Jaipur New Delhi Ujjain Varanasi Kerala school of astronomy and mathematics
Other regions	Babylonian astronomy Ancient Greek astronomy Hellenistic astronomy Islamic astronomy Chinese astronomy European astronomy
Months of the Vedic calendar	Chaitra Vaisakha Jyeshta Aashaadha Shraavana Bhadrapada Ashvin Kartik Margashirsha Pausha Maagha Phalguna

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