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John F. Harris (politician)

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John F. Harris
Bornc. 1827-1831
Died(1913-08-20)August 20, 1913
Greenville, Mississippi
Occupation(s)Lawyer and politician
American lawyer and politician

John F. Harris (c. 1830 – August 20, 1913) was an American lawyer and politician from Greenville, Mississippi. In the mid- and late-1880s he was a member of the Greenville city council and in 1890 he was elected to the Mississippi House of Representatives. He was also a member of numerous local civic organizations. He is noted for an 1890 speech given to the state house in support of an appropriations bill for a monument to Confederate veterans of the American Civil War.

Early life

John F. Harris was likely born sometime between 1827 and 1831. He was a slave until the American Civil War (1861–1865). As a slave, he worked as a carpenter. After achieving his freedom, he began to study law and was largely self-taught. Like fellow African American lawyer Nathan S. Taylor, studied law in the offices of Percy and Yerger, one of the best firms in Greenville. Harris was said to "carry a saw under one arm and a Mississippi Code under the other and ... when he was not doing carpenter work he was reading the Code. Harris was admitted to the Greenville bar in December 1870. He continued to work as a carpenter even as he worked as a lawyer and public servant, once joking that he feared a return of slavery would force him back to his previous job, and besides, "law business is powerful dull".

There were few black lawyers in Mississippi at the time, and there was not always unity among them. In December 1873, Harris attempted to disbar fellow African American lawyer, John D. Werles. Harris became politically active in the late 1870s, running for Chancery Clerk in 1879. A Republican, he was politically aligned with Republican civil rights activists John R. Lynch and James L. Alcorn and was opposed by Democrats for being hostile to whites.

Political career

He became a city councilman in Greenville by 1884, holding the position until 1889. In 1890 he was elected to the Mississippi House of Representatives. As a Representative, Harris opposed the 1890 constitutional convention. The 1890 convention considered provisions for the disenfranchisement of blacks as being the most important. Indeed, the implementation of these measures was the reason for the convention's very existence. In February 1890, Harris gave a speech in favor of an appropriations bill which gave $10,000 for the placement of a Confederate memorial monument. The speech was in part a reply to opposition to the monument led by white representative Ed S. Watson. This speech has been used as evidence that Harris was supportive of the Confederacy and what it stood for.

Harris' career was not uniformly successful. He was brought to court on charges of criminal activity at least twice. In 1888, he was accused of bribery and corruption. In 1903, he was acquitted of a crime, this time of receiving money for stolen property.

Other activities and death

In 1905, Harris became a leader in the Mississippi state affiliate of the Booker T. Washington founded the National Negro Business League. He was also a member of the Knights and Daughters of Jacob, a fraternal organization which worked to raise money to support widows and orphans.

He died at his home in Greenville on the morning of August 20, 1913.

References

  1. Thompson, Julius E. Lynchings in Mississippi: A history, 1865-1965. McFarland, 2006. p9
  2. ^ (No Headline), The Vicksburg Daily Times (Vicksburg, Mississippi) December 23, 1870, page 4, accessed September 26, 2017.
  3. ^ "Getting Ready for Change of Administration", The Weekly Democrat-Times (Greenville, Mississippi) January 2, 1885, p. 2, accessed September 26, 2017.
  4. ^ Mollison, I. C. (1930). "Negro Lawyers in Mississippi". The Journal of Negro History, 15(1), 38-71.
  5. McMillen, Neil R. Dark journey: Black Mississippians in the age of Jim Crow. University of Illinois Press, 1990. p. 167
  6. (No Headline), The Vicksburg Herald (Vicksburg, Mississippi) December 17, 1873, page 2, accessed September 26, 2017.
  7. "The Election", The Weekly Democrat-Times (Greenville, Mississippi) November 8, 1879, p. 2, accessed September 26, 2017.
  8. "Political Events", The Weekly Democrat-Times (Greenville, Mississippi) October 29, 1881, page 2, accessed September 26, 2017.
  9. "Town Officials", The Weekly Democrat-Times (Greenville, Mississippi) April 19, 1884, page 1, accessed September 26, 2017.
  10. "City Council Proceedings", The Weekly Democrat-Times (Greenville, Mississippi) April 6, 1889, page 2, accessed September 26, 2017.
  11. "New Constitution", The Clarion Ledger, (Jackson, Mississippi) January 23, 1890, page 1, accessed September 26, 2017.
  12. McMillen 1990, pp. 40–41
  13. "The Monument", Clarion-Ledger (Jackson, Mississippi) February 23, 1890, page 1, accessed September 26, 2017.
  14. Kennedy, Walter, and James Kennedy. The South was Right!. Pelican Publishing, 2010. pp. 107–109
  15. "Bribery and Corruption", The Weekly Democrat-Times (Greenville, Mississippi) March 10, 1888, p. 2, accessed September 26, 2017.
  16. (No Headline), The Weekly Democrat-Times (Greenville, Mississippi) April 18, 1903, p. 1, accessed September 26, 2017.
  17. "The Mississippi State Negro Business League", The Daily Democrat, (Greenville, Mississippi) June 15, 1905, p. 1, accessed September 26, 2017.
  18. (No Headline), The Weekly Democrat-Times (Greenville, Mississippi) October 27, 1906, p. 10, accessed September 26, 2017.
  19. "Noted Colored Lawyer Dead", Vicksburg Evening Post (Vicksburg, Mississippi) August 20, 1913, page 8, accessed September 26, 2017.
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