| Juan Mora Fernàndez | |
|---|---|
 Portrait of Fernández by Lorenzo Fortino | |
| Head of state of Costa Rica | |
| In office 1824/1825–1833 | |
| Preceded by | Position established |
| Succeeded by | Mariano Montealegre Bustamante (1824–1825), José Rafael de Gallegos y Alvarado (1825–1829) |
| President of Supreme Court of Costa Rica | |
| In office 1850–1854 | |
| Preceded by | Rafael Ramírez Hidalgo |
| Succeeded by | Rafael Ramírez Hidalgo |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 12 July 1784 San José, Costa Rica |
| Died | 16 November 1854(1854-11-16) (aged 70) |
| Political party | Liberal |
Juan Mora Fernández (July 12, 1784 – November 16, 1854) was a Costa Rican teacher and principal who served as Costa Rica's first elected head of state. He was considered a liberal and decided to move the capital from Cartago to Puntarenas. Mora was elected as the first head of state in 1824 (provisional until 1825).
He is remembered for instituting land reform, and he followed a progressive course. As a consequence of his land reform structure, he inadvertently created an elite class of powerful coffee barons. Under his tenure he signed the Acta de Indepencia. The barons eventually overthrew one of his later successors, José María Alfaro Zamora.
From 1850 to 1854 he was Magistrate and President of the Supreme Court of Justice of Costa Rica; he died shortly after he resigned. The first printing press arrived in Costa Rica under his tenure.
Biography
Juan Mora Fernàdez was born on July 12, 1788, in San José, Costa Rica, to Mateo Mora Valverde and Lucia Encarnación Fernàndez. He attended his primary school in San José and studied Latin grammar and philosophy in León, Nicaragua. He also became a teacher and a principal in a primary school in Alajuela. He became secretary at the city hall at San José, participated actively for the struggle of independence, joined the Junta Superior Gebernativa between 1821 and 1824. He also became a head of Congress and the Supreme Court of Justice.
References
- Murphy, Paul (2003). Insight Costa Rica. Langenscheidt Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-88729-137-1.
- Nohlen, Dieter (2005-04-14). Elections in the Americas A Data Handbook Volume 1: North America, Central America, and the Caribbean. OUP Oxford. ISBN 978-0-19-155793-4.
- Murphy, Paul; Guides, Insight (2003). Insight Costa Rica. Langenscheidt Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-88729-137-1.
- Diaz-Arias, David; Hurtado, Ronny Viales; Hernández, Juan José Marín (2018). Historical Dictionary of Costa Rica. Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 978-1-5381-0242-8.
External links
Media related to Juan Mora Fernández at Wikimedia Commons
| Political offices | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded byOffice established | Head of State of Costa Rica 1825–1833 |
Succeeded byJosé Rafael Gallegos |
| Presidents of the Legislative Assembly of Costa Rica | |
|---|---|
| Free State of Central America |
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| Free State of Costa Rica |
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| First Costa Rican Republic |
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| Second Costa Rican Republic |
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