Misplaced Pages

κ Cassiopeiae

Location of κ Cassiopeiae (circled)
Observation data Epoch J2000.0      Equinox J2000.0
Constellation	Cassiopeia
Right ascension	00 32 59.991
Declination	+62° 55′ 54.42″
Apparent magnitude (V)	4.12 - 4.21
Characteristics
Spectral type	BC0.7 Ia
Apparent magnitude (U)	3.50
Apparent magnitude (B)	4.276
Apparent magnitude (J)	4.141
Apparent magnitude (H)	4.148
Apparent magnitude (K)	4.013
U−B color index	−0.776
B−V color index	+0.0869
J−H color index	−0.0069
J−K color index	+0.128
Variable type	α Cyg
Astrometry
Radial velocity (Rv)	0.30 km/s
Proper motion (μ)	RA: +3.65 mas/yr Dec.: −2.07 mas/yr
Parallax (π)	0.73 ± 0.17 mas
Distance	approx. 4,000 ly (approx. 1,400 pc)
Absolute magnitude (MV)	−7.1
Details
Mass	33 M☉
Radius	39 R☉
Luminosity	490,000 L☉
Surface gravity (log g)	2.79 cgs
Temperature	24,600 K
Rotational velocity (v sin i)	58 km/s
Age	4.5 Myr
Other designations
15 Cassiopeiae, HR 130, HD 2905, BD+62°102, FK5 16, HIP 2599, SAO 11256, GC 645, MWC 7
Database references
SIMBAD	data

Kappa Cassiopeiae (κ Cas, κ Cassiopeiae) is a star in the constellation Cassiopeia.

κ Cassiopeiae has an unusual spectrum that has anomalously weak nitrogen lines, taken as an actual nitrogen deficiency in the atmosphere. This is indicated by the modified letter C on the assumption that it is also carbon-rich, although this might not actually be the case. It is also interpolated to BC0.7, being slightly hotter than a standard B1 star.

κ Cassiopeiae is assumed to be a member of the Cassiopeia OB14 stellar association (Cas OB14) and treated as being at a distance of about 1,100 pc, while its distance found from the Hipparcos parallax is about 1,400 parsecs. Its Gaia parallaxes are somewhat uncertain due to the brightness of the star, but a modern determination of the distance to Cas OB14 is 880 pc.

It is classified as an Alpha Cygni type variable star and its brightness varies by a few hundredths of a magnitude. Periods of two hours, 2.65 days, and nine days have been reported from observations at different times.

It is a runaway star. Its magnetic field and wind of particles creates a visible bow shock 4 light-years ahead of it, colliding with the diffuse, and usually invisible, interstellar gas and dust. This is about the same distance that Earth is from Proxima Centauri, the nearest star to the Sun. The dimensions of the bow shock are vast: around 12 light-years long and 1.8 light-years wide.

References

1. ^ van Leeuwen, F. (2007). "Validation of the new Hipparcos reduction". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 474 (2): 653–664. arXiv:0708.1752. Bibcode:2007A&A...474..653V. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20078357. S2CID 18759600.Vizier catalog entry
2. "kappa Cas". Omternational Variable Star Index. AAVSO. Retrieved 2022-08-13.
3. Kraus, M.; Borges Fernandes, M.; Kubát, J. (2009). "Parameters of galactic early B supergiants. The influence of the wind on the interstellar extinction determination". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 499 (1): 291. Bibcode:2009A&A...499..291K. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/200810319.
4. ^ Ducati, J. R. (2002). "VizieR Online Data Catalog: Catalogue of Stellar Photometry in Johnson's 11-color system". CDS/ADC Collection of Electronic Catalogues. 2237. Bibcode:2002yCat.2237....0D.
5. Samus, N. N.; Durlevich, O. V.; et al. (2009). "VizieR Online Data Catalog: General Catalogue of Variable Stars (Samus+ 2007-2013)". VizieR On-line Data Catalog: B/GCVS. Originally Published in: 2009yCat....102025S. 1. Bibcode:2009yCat....102025S.
6. Gontcharov, G. A. (2006). "Pulkovo Compilation of Radial Velocities for 35 495 Hipparcos stars in a common system". Astronomy Letters. 32 (11): 759–771. arXiv:1606.08053. Bibcode:2006AstL...32..759G. doi:10.1134/S1063773706110065. S2CID 119231169.
7. ^ Simón-Díaz, S.; Aerts, C.; Urbaneja, M. A.; Camacho, I.; Antoci, V.; Fredslund Andersen, M.; Grundahl, F.; Pallé, P. L. (2018). "Low-frequency photospheric and wind variability in the early-B supergiant HD 2905". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 612: A40. arXiv:1711.08994. Bibcode:2018A&A...612A..40S. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201732160. S2CID 20158464.
8. ^ Searle, S. C.; Prinja, R. K.; Massa, D.; Ryans, R. (2008). "Quantitative studies of the optical and UV spectra of Galactic early B supergiants. I. Fundamental parameters". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 481 (3): 777. arXiv:0801.4289. Bibcode:2008A&A...481..777S. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20077125. S2CID 1552752.
9. Tetzlaff, N.; Neuhäuser, R.; Hohle, M. M. (January 2011). "A catalogue of young runaway Hipparcos stars within 3 kpc from the Sun". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 410 (1): 190–200. arXiv:1007.4883. Bibcode:2011MNRAS.410..190T. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.17434.x. S2CID 118629873.
10. Walborn, Nolan R. (1971). "Some Spectroscopic Characteristics of the OB Stars: An Investigation of the Space Distribution of Certain OB Stars and the Reference Frame of the Classification". Astrophysical Journal Supplement. 23: 257. Bibcode:1971ApJS...23..257W. doi:10.1086/190239.
11. ^ Walborn, Nolan R. (1971). "On the Existence of OB Stars with Anomalous Nitrogen and Carbon Spectra". Astrophysical Journal. 164: L67. Bibcode:1971ApJ...164L..67W. doi:10.1086/180693.
12. Melnik, A. M.; Dambis, A. K. (April 2020). "Internal motions in OB associations with Gaia DR2". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 493 (2): 2339–2351. arXiv:2002.05044. Bibcode:2020MNRAS.493.2339M. doi:10.1093/mnras/staa454.
13. "Light Curve". Hipparcos ESA. ESA. Retrieved 17 February 2022.
14. Elst, E. W. (1979). "Spectroscopic and Photometric Variation of kappa Cas". Information Bulletin on Variable Stars. 1697: 1. Bibcode:1979IBVS.1697....1E.
15. Koen, Chris; Eyer, Laurent (2002). "New periodic variables from the Hipparcos epoch photometry". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 331 (1): 45–59. arXiv:astro-ph/0112194. Bibcode:2002MNRAS.331...45K. doi:10.1046/j.1365-8711.2002.05150.x. S2CID 10505995.
16. Percy, J. R. (1981). "Photometric Variability of kappa Cassiopeiae". Information Bulletin on Variable Stars. 1946: 1. Bibcode:1981IBVS.1946....1P.
17. Clavin, Whitney (21 February 2014). "The bow shock of Kappa Cassiopeiae, a massive, hot supergiant". Phys.org. Retrieved 6 December 2016.
18. Peri, C. S.; Benaglia, P.; Brookes, D. P.; Stevens, I. R.; Isequilla, N. L. (2012). "E-BOSS: An Extensive stellar BOw Shock Survey. I. Methods and first catalogue". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 538: A108. arXiv:1109.3689. Bibcode:2012A&A...538A.108P. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201118116. S2CID 62840857.

v t e Constellation of Cassiopeia
List of stars in Cassiopeia Cassiopeia in Chinese astronomy
Stars	Bayer α (Schedar) β (Caph) γ (Navi/Tsih) δ (Ruchbah) ε (Segin) ζ (Fulu) η (Achird) θ (Marfak) ι κ λ μ ν ξ ο π ρ σ τ υ υ (Castula) φ χ ψ ω Flamsteed 1 2 4 6 9 10 12 42 47 48 (A) 49 50 54 Variable R S TZ WZ YZ (21) AO AR PZ V373 V509 V547 V669 V705 V762 V863 V773 V987 V1022 V1405 HR 5 91 144 196 244 273 297 743 932 8832 8853 8881 HD 861 7924 7977 15558 17156 (Nushagak) 240210 240237 240429 240430 Other BD+60°2522 Gliese 49 IRAS 23304+6147 LS I +61 303 PSR J0205+6449 Tycho G 4U 0142+61 WR 2 WR 3
Exoplanets HD 7924 b HD 17156 b HD 219134 b c d e (h) f g HD 240210 b HD 240237 b
Star clusters Messier 52 Messier 103 NGC 103 NGC 110 NGC 129 NGC 133 NGC 136 NGC 146 NGC 189 NGC 225 NGC 358 NGC 366 NGC 381 NGC 433 NGC 436 NGC 457 NGC 559 NGC 637 NGC 654 NGC 659 NGC 663 NGC 1027 NGC 7789 NGC 7790 Trumpler 3
Nebulae	NGC 281 7635 Other 3C 58 Cassiopeia A Heart Nebula IC 289 IC 1805 KjPn 8 LBN 114.55+00.22 Sh 2-185 Westerhout 5
Galaxies	NGC 147 185 278 Other Andromeda VII 3C 20 3C 35 Dwingeloo 1 Dwingeloo 2 MB 3 IC 10 Maffei 1 Maffei 2 QSO B0153+744
Astronomical events SN 1181 SN 1572 (B)
Category

• Alpha Cygni variables
• Bayer objects
• Flamsteed objects
• B-type supergiants
• Cassiopeia (constellation)
• Runaway stars
• Bright Star Catalogue objects
• Henry Draper Catalogue objects
• Hipparcos objects
• Durchmusterung objects