| Ki-78 | |
|---|---|
| |
| Role | High speed research aircraftType of aircraft |
| National origin | Japan |
| Manufacturer | Kawasaki Kokuki Kogyo K.K. |
| Design group | Aeronautical Research Institute of the University of Tokyo |
| First flight | 26 December 1942 |
| Number built | 1 completed + 1x mock-up and the partially complete 2nd prototype |
The Kawasaki Ki-78, originally given the designation Ken III (Kensan - research III), was a high-speed research aircraft (after research projects of long-range and high-altitude aircraft), also intended to attempt breaking the world absolute speed record.
Design and development
The Kawasaki Ki-78 was a high-speed research aircraft developed to investigate laminar profile wings with high wing loadings. Early in 1938 a high-speed research program was started at the Aeronautical Research Institute of the University of Tokyo for a small single-seat aircraft.
The Ki-78 was designed at the Aeronautical Research Institute and built at Kawasaki Kokuki Kogyo K.K. to investigate flying behaviour at very high speed. It featured a streamlined minimum cross-section fuselage fitted with a licence-built Daimler-Benz DB 601A engine. For short durations, power boost methanol/water injection was used and cooling was improved by a 45 kW (60 hp) turbine driven cooling fan for the radiators.
All-metal construction was used in combination with a small thin wing with a laminar flow profile and a sharp leading edge.
Operational history
By the outbreak of the war, the whole project was taken over by the Imperial Japanese Army who gave it the military type designation Ki-78. Kawasaki received the order to build two prototypes of the Ki-78, construction of which was started in September 1941. The first was completed more than a year later and was flown for the first time on 26 December 1942. A feasibility study to improve the KI-78 flight performance showed that extensive airframe modifications were needed and consequently the project was officially terminated after the 32nd flight on 11 January 1944; the second Ki-78 was never completed.
Specifications (Ken III / Ki-78)
Data from Japanese Aircraft of the Pacific War
General characteristics
- Crew: 1
- Length: 8.1 m (26 ft 7 in)
- Wingspan: 8 m (26 ft 3 in)
- Height: 3.07 m (10 ft 1 in)
- Wing area: 11 m (120 sq ft)
- Empty weight: 1,930 kg (4,255 lb)
- Gross weight: 2,300 kg (5,071 lb)
- Powerplant: 1 × Daimler-Benz DB 601A V-12 inverted liquid-cooled piston engine rated at 1,160 kW (1,550 hp) with Water/Methanol injection for short durations
Performance
- Maximum speed: 700 km/h (430 mph, 380 kn) at 3,500 m (11,500 ft)
- Range: 600 km (370 mi, 320 nmi)
- Service ceiling: 8,000 m (26,000 ft)
- Wing loading: 209 kg/m (43 lb/sq ft)
- Power/mass: 0.373 kW/kg (0.2273 hp/lb)
See also
Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era
References
- ^ Francillon, Rene (1979). Japanese Aircraft of the Pacific War. London: Putnam & Company Limited. ISBN 0-370-30251-6.
- スピード追い求めた幻の翼 研三 - KENSAN -. かかみがはら航空宇宙科学博物館. p. 10.
Further reading
- Air Pictorial: 489. December 1986.
External links
| Kawasaki aircraft | |
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| Imperial Japanese Army designations | |
| Japanese Self-Defense Force designations | |
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| Licensed production | |
| World War II Allied reporting names | |