Misplaced Pages

The Khuff Formation is a geologic formation in Oman and Saudi Arabia. It preserves fossils dating back to the Permian and early Triassic periods.

Stratigraphy

Depending on the author, various definitions and names for the members of the Khuff Formation have been proposed, which may lead to confusion. Vaslet et. al. (2005) defines the members as such (from oldest to youngest):

The Al Siqqah Member is the oldest of the members, tentatively dated to the middle Permian (Capitanian). It is 35 meters thick at the type section, becoming thinner to the southeast. It has previously been referred to as the Unayzah Formation or Unayzah Member.

The Huqayl Member has been dated to the late Permian (?Wuchiapingian) based on foraminifer assemblage. It ranges from 30 to 40 meters in thickness.

The Duhaysan Member is 13.4 meters thick at Jabal Duhaysan, and is believed to be late Permian (Wuchiapingian-Changhsingian) in age.

The Midhnab Member (or Midhnab Shale) is believed to date to the Changhsingian and is about 60 meters thick in the Ad Dawadimi quadrangle.

The Khartam Member (formerly the Khartam Limestone) is the youngest member, with the lower part dating to the latest Permian and the upper part to the early Triassic.

Depositional environment

The Khuff Formation was deposited on the outer shelf of the Arabian Platform and represents a shallow carbonate platform, with a coastline oriented northeast-southwest and facing the spreading Neotethys Ocean. The various units have been interpreted as lagoonal tidal sand flats or barrier beaches, outer-shelf conditions below storm wave base and deposition around storm wave base. The known fossil content supports the interpretation of the Khuff Formation as a marine environment. The presence of Tethyan brachiopods suggest a subtropical and warm climate, while cosmopolitan, endemic and Gondwanan brachiopod taxa indicate the area was open to outside influence, and the conodont fauna confirms a shallow marine habitat.

Fossil content

Fish

Cartilaginous fish

A large number of chondrichthyan dermal denticles are known from the formation.

Cartilaginous fish reported from the Khuff Formation
Genus	Species	Location	Stratigraphic member	Material	Notes	Images
Amelacanthus	A. cf. sulcatus	Haushi-Huqf area (Oman).		25 spine fragments.	A ctenacanth.
Anachronistidae?	Gen. et. sp. indeterminate	Haushi-Huqf area (Oman).		2 teeth.	A potential anachronistid.
Cooleyella	C. cf. fordi	Haushi-Huqf area (Oman).		2 teeth.	An anachronistid.
Deltodus	D. aff. mercurei	Haushi-Huqf area (Oman).		24 tooth plates.	A cochliodontiform.
Eugeneodontiformes?	Gen. et. sp. indeterminate	Haushi-Huqf area (Oman).		2 tooth crowns.	A likely eugeneodont.
Euselachii incertae sedis		Haushi-Huqf area (Oman).		10 teeth.	A potential protacrodontid.
Glikmanius	G. culmenis	Haushi-Huqf area (Oman).		137 teeth.	A ctenacanth.
	G. cf. myachkovensis	Haushi-Huqf area (Oman).		649 teeth.	A ctenacanth.
Gunnellodus	G. bellistriatus	Haushi-Huqf area (Oman).		254 teeth.	A hybodont.
Khuffia	K. lenis	Haushi-Huqf area (Oman).		79 teeth.	A sphenacanthid.
	K. prolixa	Haushi-Huqf area (Oman).		27 teeth.	A sphenacanthid.
Nemacanthus	N. sp.	Haushi-Huqf area (Oman).		2 dorsal spine fragments.	A palaeospinacid.
Omanoselache	O. angiolinii	Haushi-Huqf area (Oman).		86 teeth.	A hybodont.
	O. hendersoni	Haushi-Huqf area (Oman).		717 teeth.	A hybodont.
	cf. O. sp.	Haushi-Huqf area (Oman).		14 teeth.	A hybodont.
cf. 'Paleozoic Genus 1' sp.		Haushi-Huqf area (Oman).		A tooth.	A hybodont, potential lochidiid.
Petalodontiformes?	Gen. et. sp. indeterminate	Haushi-Huqf area (Oman).		2 broken teeth.	Similar to Chomatodus.
Reesodus	R. underwoodi	Haushi-Huqf area (Oman).		6 teeth.	A hybodont.
Solenodus	S. cf. crenulatus	Haushi-Huqf area (Oman).		4 tooth plates.	A cochliodontiform.
Teresodus	T. amplexus	Haushi-Huqf area (Oman).		103 teeth.	A hybodont.

Conodonts

Invertebrates

Brachiopods

Cephalopods

See also

• List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units

References

1. ^ Osterloff, Peter; Al-Harthy, Aida; Penney, Randall; Spaak, Pieter; Williams, Glen; Al-Zadjali, Farida; Jones, Neil; Knox, Robert; Stephenson, Michael; Oliver, Guy; Al-Husseini, Moujahed (January 2004). "Depositional sequences of the Gharif and Khuff Formations, subsurface Interior Oman". GeoArabia: 83–147.
2. ^ Vaslet, Denis; Le Nindre, Yves-Michel; Vachard, Daniel; Broutin, Jean; Crasquin-Soleau, Sylvie; Berthelin, Martine; Gaillot, Jérémie; Halawani, Mohammed; Al-Husseini, Moujahed (2005-10-01). "The Permian-Triassic Khuff Formation of central Saudi Arabia". GeoArabia. 10 (4): 77–134. doi:10.2113/geoarabia100477. ISSN 1025-6059.
3. ^ Koot, Martha B.; Cuny, Gilles; Tintori, Andrea; Twitchett, Richard J. (2013-03-13). "A new diverse shark fauna from the Wordian (Middle Permian) Khuff Formation in the interior Haushi-Huqf area, Sultanate of Oman: CHONDRICHTHYANS FROM THE WORDIAN KHUFF FORMATION OF OMAN". Palaeontology. 56 (2): 303–343. doi:10.1111/j.1475-4983.2012.01199.x.
4. Angiolini, Lucia; Nicora, Alda; Bucher, Hugo; Vachard, Daniel; Pillevuit, Alain; Platel, Jean-Pierre; Roger, Jack; Baud, Aymon; Broutin, Jean; Al Hashmi, Haroub; Marcoux, Jean (1998-11-30). "Evidence of a Guadalupian age for the Khuff Formation of southeastern Oman: Preliminary report". Rivista italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia. 104 (3): 329–340. doi:10.13130/2039-4942/5337.
5. ^ Nicora, Alda; Vaslet, Denis; Le Nindre, Yves-Michel (2006-07-01). "First record of Permian conodont "jinogondolella" cf. altaduensis from the Midhnab Member, Khuff Formation, Saudi Arabia". GeoArabia. 11 (3): 91–96. doi:10.2113/geoarabia110391. ISSN 1025-6059.
6. ^ Angiolini, Lucia; Vaslet, Denis; Le Nindre, Yves-Michel; Zarbo, Miriam (2006-10-01). "New records and new taxa of Permian brachiopods from the Khuff Formation, Midhnab Member, central Saudi Arabia". GeoArabia. 11 (4): 45–58. doi:10.2113/geoarabia110445. hdl:2434/30360. ISSN 1025-6059.
7. ^ Chirat, Régis; Vaslet, Denis; Le Nindre, Yves-Michel (2006-01-01). "Nautiloids of the Permian-Triassic Khuff Formation, central Saudi Arabia". GeoArabia. 11 (1): 81–92. doi:10.2113/geoarabia110181. ISSN 1025-6059.

• Various Contributors to the Paleobiology Database. "Fossilworks: Gateway to the Paleobiology Database". Retrieved 29 July 2023.

This article about the geography of Oman is a stub. You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it.

• v
• t
• e

• Geology of Oman
• Geology of Saudi Arabia
• Oman geography stubs