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Lawrence C. Gorman

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20th-century American Jesuit educator

The ReverendLawrence C. GormanSJ
Portrait of Lawrence C. Gorman in 1943Gorman in 1943
41st President of Georgetown University
In office
1942–1949
Preceded byArthur A. O'Leary
Succeeded byJ. Hunter Guthrie
Personal details
Born(1898-09-28)September 28, 1898
New York City, United States
DiedDecember 28, 1953(1953-12-28) (aged 55)
Scranton, Pennsylvania, U.S.
Resting placeJesuit Community Cemetery
Alma mater
Orders
OrdinationJune 21, 1932
by Pietro Fumasoni Biondi

Lawrence Clifton Gorman SJ (September 28, 1898 – December 28, 1953) was an American Catholic priest and Jesuit who held senior positions at several Jesuit universities in the United States. Born in New York City, he was educated at Jesuit institutions, before entering the Society of Jesus. He then became a professor of chemistry at Georgetown University, and continued his higher studies at Jesuit universities in the United States and Rome.

He became the acting dean of Georgetown College in 1935, and then vice president and dean of studies at Loyola College in Maryland, before being appointed president of Georgetown University in 1942. His tenure was largely shaped by World War II, which necessitated his admittance of women into the Graduate School of Arts and Science. A proponent of racial integration, he instructed administrators to admit the first black undergraduate students. While this did not materialize until shortly after his presidency, the university did begin admitting black students in several of its graduate schools during his term. He also joined the presidents of other local universities in agreeing to allow medical students from Howard University to train at Washington, D.C.'s public hospital.

During his presidency, Gorman constructed the new Georgetown University Hospital building, and raised funds for the construction of McDonough Gymnasium. Following the end of his term of office, he became vice president and dean of studies at the University of Scranton, where he died in 1953.

Early life and education

Lawrence Clifton Gorman was born on September 28, 1898, in New York City, to Lawrence P. Gorman and Anna Teresa Gorman, née Nagle. He enrolled in Xavier High School (where he was later inducted into their hall of fame) and graduated in 1916, proceeding to Fordham University, where he received his Bachelor of Arts in 1920. Upon graduation, he entered the Society of Jesus on September 28, 1920. In 1926, he was awarded a Master of Arts from Boston College.

Academic career

That year, he was appointed an assistant professor of chemistry at Georgetown University, where he remained until 1929. He then went to Woodstock College in Maryland, where in 1932, he was ordained by Archbishop Pietro Fumasoni Biondi, the Apostolic Delegate to the United States, as a subdeacon on June 19, a deacon on June 20, and a priest on June 21. He celebrated his first Solemn Mass on July 3 in St. Philip Neri's Church in The Bronx. In 1933, he was awarded a Licentiate of Sacred Theology from Woodstock. He then returned to Georgetown in 1933, where he was made director of the department of chemistry.

Replacing George F. Strohaver, Gorman was named the acting dean of Georgetown College in 1935, until a permanent replacement was found in John E. Grattan. The following year, he became the vice president and dean of studies at Loyola College in Maryland, and held this position until 1942. During this time, he also completed his education at the Pontifical Gregorian University in Rome, where he received his Doctor of Philosophy in 1938. Later in life, Gorman was eventually awarded an honorary Legum Doctor degree.

Georgetown University

Lawrence C. Gorman in his later years
Gorman later in life

Gorman succeeded Arthur A. O'Leary as president of Georgetown University on December 17, 1942, upon being appointed by Zacheus J. Maher, the American assistant to the Jesuit Superior General. The first half of his presidency was principally shaped by World War II; since so many male students had left to fight the war, Gorman decided to admit women to the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, with the first eleven enrolling in 1943. That year, the university also began hosting an Army Specialized Training Program, focusing on instruction in engineering, languages, and area studies, and the Medical, Dental, and Nursing Schools created training programs with the Army and Navy.

On December 18, 1944, Gorman broke ground on the new Georgetown University Hospital, which was located on Reservoir Road and held 400 beds. In order to build the hospital, on March 24, 1945, President Franklin D. Roosevelt signed a law granting a special exception to the Height of Buildings Act of 1910, which limits the height of buildings in the District of Columbia. The Georgetown University Hospital became one of seven buildings to have been specifically exempt from the height restrictions in the history of the law. In addition to construction of the hospital, Gorman undertook a campaign that raised the bulk of the funds necessary for the construction of McDonough Gymnasium, which broke ground in 1950.

The main Georgetown University Hospital building was constructed during his presidency.

At the commencement ceremony of 1945, Gorman awarded President Harry S. Truman an honorary Doctor of Laws degree, and hailed him as the "chosen son of destiny" who was working to bring forth peace in the midst of World War II. Truman was unable to attend the ceremony, and sent Senator Dennis Chávez in his stead; an honorary doctorate was also awarded to Ross T. McIntire, the Surgeon General of the Navy. He also presented Crown Prince Abdul Ilah, the regent of the Kingdom of Iraq, with an honorary Doctor of Laws degree.

Gorman directed administrators in 1947 to include at least one black student in the following year's freshman class. The administrators did not follow this directive, but did begin to admit black students to the Graduate School, Medical School, and Law School. Eventually, in 1950, the first black undergraduate student was admitted to the School of Foreign Service.

In 1948, along with the president of Howard University, Mordecai Wyatt Johnson, and Cloyd Heck Marvin, the president of George Washington University, Gorman signed an agreement allowing students and faculty from Howard University College of Medicine to practice at Gallinger Municipal Hospital on equal footing with Georgetown and George Washington. This agreement was then ratified by the District of Columbia Board of Commissioners. Following the end of World War II, the number of students at Georgetown doubled. Gorman's presidency came to an end on February 18, 1949, and he was succeeded as president by J. Hunter Guthrie.

Later years

Following the end of his presidency at Georgetown, Gorman became vice president and dean of studies at the University of Scranton in Pennsylvania, where he was also a member of the board of trustees and the board of regents. Gorman died suddenly of a heart attack on December 28, 1953, at the University of Scranton. His body was returned to Georgetown, where he was buried in the Jesuit Community Cemetery.

In 1959, Georgetown opened the Lawrence C. Gorman Diagnostic and Research Building on the Medical Center campus, which was used by medical and dental students. The building contained an outpatient dental department that doubled the number of patients the Dental School could treat.

References

  1. ^ Spencer 1998, p. 19
  2. ^ Romig 1947, p. 168
  3. "The Xavier Hall of Fame" (PDF). Xavier High School. Archived (PDF) from the original on January 16, 2019. Retrieved January 16, 2019.
  4. "Prayer card for Lawrence C. Gorman, S.J., 1952". University of Scranton. Archived from the original on January 16, 2019. Retrieved January 16, 2019.
  5. "Alumni to be Ordained: Number to Receive Holy Offices During Next Month". The Fordham Ram. Vol. 13, no. 25. May 12, 1932. p. 9. Archived from the original on January 15, 2019. Retrieved January 15, 2019.
  6. ^ Curran 2010, p. 398, Appendix C: Prefects of Studies/Deans of the College of Arts and Sciences, 1889–1964
  7. Senior Class of Georgetown University 1943, p. 5
  8. "Georgetown University Has New President". The Charleston Gazette. December 18, 1942. p. 14. Retrieved January 15, 2019 – via NewspaperArchive.
  9. ^ Georgetown University Alumni Magazine 1953, p. 5
  10. O'Neill & Williams 2003, p. 91
  11. Curran 2010, p. 221
  12. Proctor 1944, p. 456
  13. Repetti 1956, p. 279
  14. Pub. L. 79–22, 59 Stat. 38
  15. United States Government Monthly Catalog 1945, p. 366
  16. Part I: Historical Background on the Height of Buildings Act 2013, p. 4
  17. Congressional Record 1945, p. A2908
  18. Senior Class of Baghdad College 1945, p. Page of Honor
  19. Garbitelli, Elizabeth (March 15, 2012). "First Black Undergraduate Dies". The Hoya. Archived from the original on November 8, 2018. Retrieved January 15, 2019.
  20. National Negro Health News 1948, p. 24
  21. Tyler 1949, p. 497
  22. University of Scranton Catalog 1951, pp. 7–8
  23. Journal of the American Dental Association 1959, p. 147

Sources

External links

Academic offices
Preceded byGeorge F. Strohaver Acting Dean of Georgetown College
1934–1936 		Succeeded byJohn E. Grattan
Preceded byArthur A. O'Leary 41st President of Georgetown University
1942–1949 		Succeeded byJ. Hunter Guthrie
Presidents of Georgetown University
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