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Liang Jingkui

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Chinese physical chemist and professor

In this Chinese name, the family name is Liang.
Liang Jingkui
梁敬魁
Born(1931-04-28)28 April 1931
Fuzhou, Fujian, China
Died19 January 2019(2019-01-19) (aged 87)
Beijing, China
Alma materXiamen University,
A. A. Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Material Science
AwardsHo Leung Ho Lee Prize in Technological Sciences (1999)
Scientific career
FieldsCrystal structural chemistry
Materials science
Solid-state physics
InstitutionsInstitute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences,
Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter
Chinese name
Chinese梁敬魁
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinLiáng Jìngkuí
Wade–GilesLiang Ching-k'ui
Southern Min
Hokkien POJNiû Kèng-khoe

Liang Jingkui (Chinese: 梁敬魁; 28 April 1931 – 19 January 2019), also known as Jing-Kui Liang, was a Chinese physical chemist and materials scientist. He was a professor at the Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS). He served as President of the CAS Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter from 1983 to 1987, and was elected an academician of the CAS in 1993. He was awarded the Ho Leung Ho Lee Prize in Technological Sciences in 1999 for his contributions to crystallography, solid-state physics, and materials science.

Biography

Liang was born in Fuzhou, Fujian, on 28 April 1931, the son of a power plant worker at the Fuzhou Electric Company. He was able to receive an education thanks to a scholarship offered by his father's employer.

He entered Fuzhou University in 1951, and two years later transferred to Xiamen University, graduating with a bachelor's degree in physical chemistry in July 1955. He joined the Chinese Communist Party in June 1954. After studying Russian for a year, in September 1956 he was sent by the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) to study in the Soviet Union at the A. A. Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Material Science of the USSR Academy of Sciences, where he earned an associate doctor degree (equivalent to a Ph.D.) in February 1960.

He returned to China in February 1960 and became an assistant professor (researcher) at the Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. He was promoted to associate professor in March 1978 and professor in February 1983. From March 1984 to June 1987 he served as President of the Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter in his hometown Fuzhou. He returned to the Institute of Physics afterwards and was elected an academician of the CAS in November 1993.

On 19 January 2019, Liang died in Beijing at the age of 87.

Scientific contributions

Liang made important contributions to crystallography, solid-state physics, and materials science. He designed an instrument for measuring the temperature in the instantaneous process of nuclear tests. He discovered that it is barium borate (BBO), not barium-sodium borate as previously thought, that produces the second-harmonic generation (SHG) effect. His discovery paved the way for the successful growth of BBO single crystals. He also made discoveries in technetium- and thallium-based superconductors.

Liang published over 280 scientific papers and two monographs. His works have been highly cited. He served as an editor for multiple scientific journals and trained more than 40 doctoral students and eight postdoctoral researchers.

He won multiple national scientific prizes including the State Natural Science Award and the State Science and Technology Progress Award. In 1999, he was awarded the Ho Leung Ho Lee Prize in Technological Sciences.

See also

References

  1. 梁敬魁 [Liang Jingkui]. Chinese Academy of Sciences (in Chinese). 2015.
  2. ^ "Liang Jingkui". Ho Leung Ho Lee Foundation. Retrieved 20 January 2019.
  3. Ma Shu'an (20 January 2019). "大陸物理化學家、中科院院士梁敬魁逝世 享壽87歲". ET Today (in Traditional Chinese). Retrieved 20 January 2019.
  4. ^ 中科院院士、著名物理化学家梁敬魁逝世，享年87岁 [Liang Jingkui, academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and famous physical chemist, dies at the age of 87]. Tencent (in Chinese). 20 January 2019.
  5. 梁敬魁院士逝世 [Academician Liang Jingkui passes away]. Guangming Daily (in Chinese). 20 January 2019.
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