Misplaced Pages

Lhünzhub 林周县 • ལྷུན་གྲུབ་རྫོང་།Lhundrub, Linzhou
County
Typical scenery of the Nyainqentanglha Mountains
LhünzhubLocation in Tibet Autonomous RegionShow map of TibetLhünzhubLhünzhub (China)Show map of China
Coordinates (Lhünzhub government): 29°53′38″N 91°15′54″E / 29.894°N 91.265°E / 29.894; 91.265
Country	China
Autonomous region	Tibet
Prefecture-level city	Lhasa
County seat	Ganden Chökhor (Lhünzhub)
Area
• Total	4,512 km (1,742 sq mi)
Population
• Total	50,596
• Density	11/km (29/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+8 (China Standard)
Website	www.linzhouxian.gov.cn

Lhünzhub County, or Linzhou County (Chinese: 林周县) is a county in Lhasa towards the north-east of the main center of Chengguan, Tibet, China. It covers an area of 4,512 km (1,742 sq mi) and as of 2000 had a population of 50,895 people, almost all classified as rural. The southern portion, the Pengbo River Valley, contains fertile arable land, while the colder and more mountainous northern portion primarily supports grazing. The county has many monasteries, including the Reting Monastery.

The county was established as Lhünzhub Dzong in 1857. In 1959, it merged with Pundo Dzong (Chinese: 旁多两宗) to form the modern Lhünzhub County.

Geography and climate

Lhünzhub County is situated in central Tibet, approximately 65 km (40 mi) northeast of Lhasa. The county encompasses the Pengbo River Valley and the upper reaches of the Lhasa River, covering an area of 4,512 km (1,742 sq mi). The region is geologically diverse, with an average elevation of 4,000 metres (13,000 ft). Lhünzhub County is rich in mineral resources, including lead, zinc, copper, silver, gold, and gypsum. The Nyainqêntanglha Mountains extend through the county, dividing it into southern and northern regions.

In the south the Pengbo valley has an average elevation of 3,680 metres (12,070 ft) with a mild climate. The average temperature is 5.8 °C (42.4 °F). The northern "three rivers" section, crossed by the Lhasa River and its tributary the Razheng River, is mountainous and has an average elevation of 4,200 metres (13,800 ft). It has average annual temperature of 2.9 °C (37.2 °F) and is mostly pastoral, with yak, sheep and goats. Wildlife includes roe deer, white-lipped deer, otter, black-necked crane, duck, Mongolian gazelle, ibex. By 2018, Lhünzhub County's population of protected wild animals had exceeded 30,000, including over 2,100 black-necked cranes. The largest colony of black-necked cranes consisted of 400 to 500 individuals.

Medicinal plants and fungi include Cordyceps, Fritillaria, Rhodiola, and Ganoderma lucidum.

Administration divisions

Lhünzhub County has jurisdiction over one town and 9 townships.

Other settlements

• Zhujia (朱加)

Economy

As of 2000 the county had a total population of 50,895, of which 8,111 lived in a community designated as urban. 2,254 had non-agricultural registration and 48,362 had agricultural registration. The Pengbo valley is the main grain-producing region of Lhasa Municipality and Tibet, with a total of 11,931 hectares (29,480 acres) of arable land. Crops include barley, winter wheat, spring wheat, canola and vegetables such as potato. The total output in 1999 was 57,600 tons of grain.

Livestock includes yak, sheep, goats and horses. Yaks graze at altitudes of 4,300 metres (14,100 ft) or more - higher than is practical with cattle. Crop residues are used for winter and spring feed. In 1996 more than 85% of winter and spring feed was straw, mostly barley straw. Linzhou county has been a leading testing and manufacturing center for frozen yak semen, and a center for selective breeding of yaks. Local enterprises prepare Tibetan medicinal plants and process wood products. Ethnic handicrafts are well developed, including weaving and mats. The Pengbo valley has a long history of pottery-making. Products include braziers, flower pots, vases, jugs and so on.

In 2010 the county had a GDP of 839 million yuan, and government revenue was 26.9 million yuan. Investment in fixed assets was 450 million yuan, excluding water conservancy. The per capita income of farmers and herdsmen was 4,587 yuan. By the end of 2020, Linzhou County had identified over 20 types of metallic and non-metallic minerals, including lead, zinc, copper, iron, molybdenum, gold, silver, gypsum, coal, and mineral water. Of these, nine minerals—coal, iron ore, copper ore (along with associated minerals), lead, zinc, gold (with associated gold), silver (with associated silver), and barite—have been officially added to the reserve list.

Infrastructure

Hutoushan Reservoir lies in Qangka Township. The reservoir is bordered by large swamps and wet meadows, and has abundant plants and shellfish. The Hutuoshan Reservoir in the Pengbo valley is the largest in Tibet, with planned total storage of 12,000,000 cubic metres (420,000,000 cu ft). Endangered Black-necked cranes migrate to the middle and southern part of Tibet every winter, and may be seen on the reservoir.

There is a small hydropower station in Lhünzhub town. The Pangduo Hydro Power Station became operational in 2014.It impounds the Lhasa River in Pondo Township, about 63 kilometres (39 mi) from Lhasa. The reservoir holds 1,170,000,000 cubic metres (4.1×10 cu ft) of water. The power station has total installed capacity of 160 MW, with four generating units. It has been called the "Tibetan Three Gorges".

The county has three major highways with total length of 160 kilometres (99 mi) and twelve rural roads, bringing the total road length to over 260 kilometres (160 mi). The county has a radio and television station. TV coverage is received by 72.1% of the population, and radio by 83.4% of the population. The county has 23 health care establishments, including a County People's Hospital with 30 beds. By the end of 2000 there were 122 medical personnel.

Religion

The county is a center of Tibetan Buddhism. There are thirty-seven gompas including twenty-five lamaseries with 919 monks and twelve nunneries with 844 nuns as of 2011. The breakdown by sect is twenty-six Gelug, six Kagyu and five Sakya.

Reting Monastery is located in Lhünzhub County and was built in 1056 by Dromtön (1005–1064), a student of Atiśa. It was the earliest monastery of the Gedain sect, and the patriarchal seat of that sect. In 1240 a Mongol force sacked the monastery and killed 500 people. The gompa was rebuilt. When the Gedain sect joined the Gelug sect in the 16th century the monastery adopted the reincarnation system. The incarnations are named Reting Rimpoche. Following an attempted rebellion against the Lhasa government in 1947 Reting was imprisoned in the Potala. After he died in May 1947 the monastery was looted and then razed. In recent years a lot of reconstruction work has been done. About 160 monks reside in Reting.

References

1. A per capita income of 4,587 yuan converts to US$688 at an exchange rate of 0.15 dollars per yuan.

1. "关于发布拉萨市第七次全国人口普查主要数据公报" (in Chinese). Government of Lhasa. 2021-06-10.
2. Tibet 测绘局 (1996). 西藏自治区地图册 (in Chinese). 中国地图出版社. p. 22. ISBN 978-7-5031-1769-5. Retrieved 2024-09-04.
3. ^ Linzhou County Profile, LSIIB.
4. Zhong yang yan jiu yuan (1980). A Scientific Guidebook to South Xizang (Tibet). Academia Sinica. p. 19. Retrieved 2024-09-04.
5. "探访黑颈鹤迁徙越冬情况 越冬为啥偏爱林周？". 中国西藏新闻网 (in Chinese). 2023-11-11. Retrieved 2024-09-04.
6. "林周县：绿化河谷为黑颈鹤筑"暖"巢_西藏自治区人民政府". 西藏政务服务网. 2019-05-08. Retrieved 2024-09-04.
7. 2022年统计用区划代码和城乡划分代码 (in Chinese). National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China.
8. Yeh & Henderson 2008, pp. 21–25.
9. ^ Linzhou, TibetOL.
10. Linzhou Industry News, LSIIB.
11. Suttie 2003, p. 10.
12. Suttie 2003, p. 169.
13. Bisht 2008, p. 216.
14. XE Currency Table: CNY - Chinese Yuan Renminbi.
15. "西藏自治区林周县非金属矿摸底调查成果报告_土地管理_林周县人民政府". 林周县人民政府 (in Chinese). 2022-08-26. Retrieved 2024-09-04.
16. Lhasa, Tibet Linzhou Hutoushan reservoir is a paradise...
17. Shen 1995, p. 153.
18. Lin 2013.
19. Daily Report: People's Republic of China. National Technical Information Service. 1994. p. 53. Retrieved 2024-03-14.
20. 'Tibet's Three Gorges Dam' starts operation.
21. Tibet's biggest water-related project launched.
22. Guan 2013.
23. Qin 2013.
24. ^ Ling 2005, p. 73.
25. McCue 2010, p. 126.
26. Goldstein 1991, p. 187.
27. Kapstein 2013, p. 232.

Sources

• Bisht, Ramesh Chandra (2008-01-01). International Encyclopaedia Of Himalayas (5 Vols. Set). Mittal Publications. ISBN 978-81-8324-265-3. Retrieved 2015-02-15.
• Goldstein, Melvyn C. (1991-05-19). A History of Modern Tibet, 1913-1951: The Demise of the Lamaist State. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-91176-5. Retrieved 2015-02-15.
• "Government Work Report". Linzhou People's Government Office. 2011-03-21. Archived from the original on 2015-02-15. Retrieved 2015-02-15.
• Guan, Steve (2013-12-12). "Tibet commences new hydropower plant". China Coal Resource. Retrieved 2015-02-06.
• Kapstein, Matthew T. (2013-06-05). The Tibetans. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-1-118-72537-5. Retrieved 2015-02-15.
• "Lhasa, Tibet Linzhou Hutoushan reservoir is a paradise for photographers". Tibet Travel Web (in Simplified Chinese). Retrieved 2015-02-13.
• Lin, Karen (2013-12-12). "Black-Necked Cranes Flocking Back to Tibet". China Tibet Online. Retrieved 2015-02-13.
• Ling, Haicheng (2005). Buddhism in China. 五洲传播出版社. ISBN 978-7-5085-0840-5. Retrieved 2015-02-15.
• "Linzhou County Profile". Lhasa Municipal Bureau of Industry and Information. 2011-06-22. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2014-02-15.
• "Linzhou Industry News". Lhasa Municipal Bureau of Industry and Information. 2011-06-22. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2015-02-15.
• "Linzhou". TibetOL. China Intercontinental Communication Center. Retrieved 2015-02-15.
• McCue, Gary (2010). Trekking in Tibet: A Traveler's Guide. The Mountaineers Books. ISBN 978-1-59485-411-8. Retrieved 2015-02-15.
• Qin, Julia (2013-05-10). "Tibet key water-control project to be completed". China Tibet Online. Archived from the original on 2015-02-05. Retrieved 2015-02-05.
• Shen, Dajun (July 1995). "Research on the rational use of water resources on the Lhasa River, Tibet" (PDF). Modelling and Management of Sustainable Basin-scale Water Resource Systems (Proceedings of a Boulder Symposium. IAHS. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-02-13. Retrieved 2015-02-13.
• Suttie, J. M. (2003). Transhumant Grazing Systems in Temperate Asia. Food & Agriculture Org. ISBN 978-92-5-104977-8. Retrieved 2015-02-15.
• "Tibet's biggest water-related project launched". China Tibet Online. 2009-08-06. Retrieved 2015-02-05.
• "'Tibet's Three Gorges Dam' starts operation". China Daily. 2013-12-11. Archived from the original on 2015-02-06. Retrieved 2015-02-05.
• "XE Currency Table: CNY - Chinese Yuan Renminbi". XE. Retrieved 2015-02-16.
• Yeh, Emily T.; Henderson, Mark (December 2008). "Interpreting Urbanization in Tibet". Journal of the International Association of Tibetan Studies. 4. Retrieved 2015-02-12.

External links

• Lhünzhub County Annals

v t e Lhasa
County-level divisions	District Chengguan Doilungdêqên Dagzê Counties Lhünzhub Damxung Nyêmo Qüxü Maizhokunggar
Towns and villages	Caina Chundui (Codoi) Dangquka Donggar Gongtang Gyaidar Horru Kunggar Leten Lhünzhub Namco Niu New Area Nyêmo Nyêtang Qiannang Wumatang Yangbajain Zaxoi Zhujia
Monasteries and palaces	Architecture of Lhasa Lingkhor Potala Palace Norbulingka Jokhang Tsomon Ling Ganden Monastery Kundeling Monastery Nechung Drolma Lhakhang Temple Yangpachen Monastery Drepung Monastery Ramoche Temple Reting Monastery Sanga Monastery Yerpa Sera Monastery Chupzang Nunnery Drakri Hermitage Garu Nunnery Keutsang Hermitage Keutsang East Hermitage Keutsang Hermitage Khardo Hermitage Negodong Nunnery Nenang Monastery Pabonka Hermitage Panglung Hermitage Purbuchok Hermitage Rakhadrak Hermitage Sera Monastery Sera Chöding Hermitage Sera Gönpasar Hermitage Sera Utsé Hermitage Takten Hermitage Trashi Chöling Hermitage
Other landmarks	Barkhor Chokpori Drapchi Prison Lhasa Zhol Pillar Tromzikhang Nyang bran Hutoushan Reservoir Samdrup Pohang Labrang Nyingba Monument of Jiangsu Road Treasure of the Plateau Lhasa Racecourse Potala Palace Inner Stele Lhasa Martyrs' Mausoleum Qinghai-Tibet-Sichuan-Tibet Highway Monument Consulate General of Nepal, Lhasa Lhalu Pohang Shirin Dorje Pohang Office building of the Preparatory Committee for the Tibet Autonomous Region Lhasa Auditorium Tibet Working People's Cultural Palace Lhasa North and South Mountain Greening Project Office of the Representative of the Central People's Government in Tibet
Culture & Life	Potala Palace Square Tibetan People's Hall Tibet Museum Tibet Museum of Natural Science Tibet Himalaya Mountaineering Guide School Tibet Stadium Lhasa Youth Activity Center People's Hospital of Tibet Autonomous Region Tibetan Hospital of the Tibet Autonomous Region Tibet Autonomous Region Mass Art Museum Lhasa Comprehensive Pavilion Tibet Autonomous Region Archives Lhasa Mass Culture and Sports Center Lhasa Cinema City Tibet Rug Mansion Tibet Exhibition Center Memorial Hall Marking the Emancipation of More Than One Million Serfs Lhasa Half Marathon Lhasa Television
Business & Development	Lhasa Economic and Technological Development Zone Tibet Development Company Tibet Everest Resources Bank of Tibet Lhasa Donggar Wholesale Market
Education & Science	Tibet University Tibet University of Traditional Tibetan Medicine Lhasa Teachers College Lhasa Middle School Lhasa No.1 Elementary School Lhasa-Beijing Experimental Middle School Yangbajain Cosmic Ray National Field Scientific Observatory Tibet Library Lhasa Library Lhasa 500kV Transmission Project Lhasa Converter Station One River, Two Rivers Project Qinghai-Tibet Networking Project Tibet Huayu Mining Tibet Gaozheng Explosives
Hotels & Parks	Chagpori Park Liwu Park Cisongtang Park Banak Shöl Hotel Lhasa Hotel Tibet Hotel Tibet Autonomous Region Guesthouse Tibet Tourism
Transport	Lhasa Airport Damxung railway station Lhasa railway station Lhasa West railway station Wumatang railway station Yangbajain railway station G109 G318 G6 Beijing–Lhasa Expressway North Linkor Road Central Beijing Road Norbulingka Road Jiangsu Road Jinzhu West Road Lhasa River Special Bridge Lhasa Passenger Station Tibet Skyway
Government	Doje Cezhug Jigme Namgyal

• Lhünzhub County