Misplaced Pages

On 4 May [O.S. 14 May] 1607, 105 to 108 English men and boys (surviving the voyage from England) established the Jamestown Settlement for the Virginia Company of London, on a slender peninsula on the bank of the James River. It became the first long-term English settlement in North America.

The trips aboard the ships Susan Constant, Discovery, and the Godspeed, and the settlement itself, were sponsored by the London Company, whose "adventurers" (investors) hoped to make a profit from the resources of the New World. The settlers suffered terrible hardships in its early years, including sickness, starvation, and native attacks. By early 1610, most of the settlers had died due to starvation and disease. With resupply and additional immigrants, it managed to endure, becoming America's first permanent English colony.

Once the settlement location was chosen, the company members opened sealed instructions containing the list of the previously chosen councillors of the Virginia Governor's Council. The first council president was Edward Maria Wingfield. The other six council members were Bartholomew Gosnold, John Martin, John Ratcliffe, George Kendall, Christopher Newport (ex officio) and John Smith.

Original settlers (May 1607)

Council members in bold. Titles and occupations are from era accounts, but use modern British spellings.

On December 30, 1606, between 105 and 108 settlers with 39 mariners (non-settlers) sailed aboard three ships from Blackwall, London, England.

• 1. Bragg, Thomas - Teenaged Deckhand of Christopher Newport
  2. Bragg, George - Teenaged Deckhand of Christopher Newport
  3. Browne, Oliver - Mariner
  4. Clarke, Charles - Mariner
  5. Collson (or Cotson), John - Mariner
  6. Crookdeck, John - Mariner
  7. Deale, Jeremy - Mariner
  8. Fitch (Finch), Mathew - Mariner
  9. Genoway, Richard - Mariner
  10. Godword, Thomas - Mariner
  11. Jackson, Robert - Mariner
  12. Markham, Robert - Mariner
  13. Morton, Matthew - Sailor
  14. Nelson, Francys (Francis) - Captain
  15. Poole, Jonas - Mariner
  16. Skynner, Thomas - Mariner
  17. Tyndall (Tindall), Robert - Mariner, Surveyor
  18. Turnbrydge (or Turbridge), Thomas - Mariner
  19. Newport, Christopher - Captain, Councillor ex officio (d. 1617)
  20. White, Benjamyn - Mariner
  21. Danynell
  22. Stephen

Settlers from First Supply (January and April 1608)

Aboard the John and Francis (captained by Christopher Newport) and the Phœnix [sic] (captained by Francis Nelson), The John and Francis arrives in January, while the Phenix is considered lost (but arrives months later). 120 settlers left England in October 1607. Only 100 made it to Virginia to settle. When they arrived at Jamestown, there were only 38 to 40 men that had survived the summer and autumn.

1. Jefrey Abots, Gentleman
2. Robert Alberton, Perfumer
3. Robert Barnes, Gentleman
4. William Bayley, Gentleman
5. William Beckwith, Tailor
6. Richard Belfield, Refiner
7. William Bentley, Labourer
8. John Bouth, Labourer
9. Richard Brislow, Labourer
10. William Burket, Labourer
11. James Burne
12. William Cantril, Gentleman
13. William Causey, Gentleman
14. Thomas Coo, Gentleman
15. Robert Cotton, Tobacco-pipe-maker
16. Robert Cutler, Gentleman
17. William Dawson, Refiner
18. Richard Dole, Blacksmith
19. Thomas Feld (Field), Apothecary
20. Richard Fetherstone
21. George Forest, Gentleman
22. Post Gittnat, Surgeon
23. Raymond Goodyson, Labourer
24. Richard Gradon, Labourer
25. William Gryvill, Gentleman
26. Edward Gurganay, Gentleman
27. John Harford, Apothecary
28. John Harper, Gentleman
29. George Hill, Gentleman
30. Thomas Hope, Tailor
31. William Johnson, Refiner
32. Peter Keffer, Gunner
33. Richard Killingbeck, Gentleman
34. Timothy Leeds, Gentleman
35. John Lewes, Couper
36. William May, Labourer
37. Michaell
38. Richard Miler, Labourer
39. Richard Molynex, Gentleman
40. Ralfe Morton, Gentleman
41. Rowland Nelstrop, Labourer
42. John Nickoles, Gentleman
43. William Perce, Labourer
44. Francis Perkins, Labourer
45. Michaell Phetyplace, Gentleman
46. Captain William Phetyplace (Phettiplace), Gentleman
47. Peter Pory, Gentleman
48. Richard Pots, Gentleman, Council Clerk, returned to England c. 1609
49. John Powell, Tailor
50. George Pretty, Gentleman
51. Richard Prodger, Gentleman
52. Jonas Profit, Fisherman and Sailor
53. Abraham Ransacke, Refiner
54. Christopher Rodes
55. Walter Russell, Gentleman and Doctor
56. Richard Savage (Salvage), Labourer
57. Thomas Savage (Salvage), Boy and Labourer
58. Matthew Scrivener, secretary, appointed to be of the Council (d. January 7, 1609)
59. Lt. Michael Sicklemore, Gentleman
60. William Simons, Labourer
61. John Speareman, Labourer
62. William Spence, Labourer and Treasurer
63. Daniell Stalling, Jeweller
64. John Taverner, Gentleman
65. Laurence Towtales, Tailor
66. Nicholas Ven, Labourer
67. William Ward, Tailor
68. James Watkings
69. Vere
70. Richard Worley, Gentleman
71. Richard Wyffin, Gentleman
72. Bishop Wyles, Labourer
73. William Yonge, Tailor
74. "...with diverse others"
    1. Francisco Maguel (Miguel), an Irishman

Settlers from Second Supply (autumn 1608)

Quickly after the first supply, Captain Newport boarded 70 new colonists to the Mary and Margaret. First women colonists are noted with female sign (♀️).

1. Thomas Abbey (Abbay), Gentleman
2. Gabriell Bedle (Bedell), Gentleman and Lumberjack
3. John Bedle (Bedell), Gentleman
4. Henry Bell, Tradesman
5. Thomas Bradley, Tradesman
6. ♀️Anne Burras, maid to Mistress Forrest
7. John Burras, Tradesman
8. George Burton, Gentleman
9. Captain Raleigh Croshaw, Gentleman
10. John Clarke, Tradesman
11. Henry Collings, Gentleman
12. John Dauxe, Gentleman
13. Thomas Dowse, Labourer
14. William Dowman, Gentleman
15. David Ellis, Tradesman
16. Thomas Forrest, Gentleman
17. ♀️Mistress Margaret Forrest, Gentlewoman
18. Thomas Fox, Labourer
19. Thomas Gipson, Tradesman
20. Thomas Graves, Gentleman
21. John Gudderington, Gentleman
22. Hugh Gwyn (Wynne), Tradesman
23. Nicholas Hancock, Labourer
24. Thomas Holcroft
25. Hardwin, Labourer
26. Harmon Haryson, Gentleman
27. Hellyard, Boy
28. John Hoult, Gentleman
29. David ap Hugh, Tradesman
30. Master Hunt, Gentleman
31. Captain Thomas Lawson
32. Thomas Lavander (LaVinder), Tradesman
33. Henry Ley, Gentleman
34. Michaell Lowicke, Gentleman
35. Captain Isaac Madison
36. Thomas Mallard, Labourer
37. Thomas Maxes, Gentleman
38. Milman, Boy
39. Morrell, Labourer
40. Thomas Norton, Gentleman
41. Dionis Oconor, Tradesman
42. Thomas Phelps, Tradesman
43. Henry Philpot, Gentleman
44. Master William Powell, Tradesman
45. John Prat, Tradesman
46. Rose, Labourer
47. John Chief Russell, Gentleman and Lumberjack (d. c. 1625)
48. William Russell, Gentleman
49. William Sambage, Gentleman
50. Scot, Labourer
51. Jefry Shortridge, Tradesman
52. William Taler, Labourer
53. Master Daniel Tucker, gentleman, cape merchant (treasurer), and store clerk
54. Walker, Labourer
55. Captain Richard (Ralph) Waldoe, appointed to the Council (d. Jan 1609)
56. Master Robert Wilde, store clerk
57. Williams, Labourer
58. Captain Peter Wynne (Winne), appointed to the Council (d. April 1609)
59. Master Francis West, Gentleman
60. Hugh Wollystone, Gentleman
61. George Yarington, Gentleman
62. ...Eight Dutch men, Poles (known as the Jamestown Polish craftsmen), with some others
    1. Adam, German carpenter
    2. Franz, German carpenter
    3. Samuel, German carpenter
    4. Wilhelm Volday (William Waldi), Swiss-German general prospector

Settlers from Third Supply (August 1609)

With 500 to 600 persons, a fleet of nine ships set sail in May 1609 led by Thomas Gates and George Somers. The ships were named Sea Venture, Diamond, Faulcon [sic], Blessinge, Unitie [sic], Lion, Swallow, Virginia, and Catch (ketch),.

In July, a tropical storm struck the flotilla. The Catch vanished with all aboard, and the Sea Venture shipwrecked on Bermuda, inadvertently colonizing the island. The seven remaining ships arrived at Jamestown only to bring diseased and hungry passengers to the stressed colony.

Council members in bold. Those who died in Bermuda (or were lost at sea) are indicated with a Latin cross (✝️). Titles and occupations are from era accounts, but use modern British spellings.

Settlers from Fourth Supply (June 1610)

Survivors from Bermuda (137-142 passengers and crew) salvaged the Sea Venture, and built two ships: Deliverance and Patience. The ships made it to Jamestown on May 23rd to find only 60 starving colonists, and chose to abandon the colony.

This list is incomplete; you can help by adding missing items. (April 2024)

Patience and Deliverance (castaways from Bermuda and Sea Venture)

1. Henry Bagwell
2. Mistress Maria Thorowgood Buck
3. Richard Buck
4. William Capps
5. Edward Eason
6. Mistress Eason
7. Richard Frobisher
8. Thomas Gates
9. Thomas Godby
10. Stephen Hopkins
11. Elizabeth Joons
12. Silvester Jourdain
13. Matchumps
14. Elizabeth Powell (née Persons)
15. Thomas Powell
16. Robert Rich
17. John Rolfe
18. Mistress Sarah Hacker Rolfe
19. George Somers
20. William Strachey
21. Robert Walsingham
22. George Yeardley

De La Warr's mission

At the same time, Thomas West, 3rd Baron De La Warr and Samuel Argall (after hearing of John Smith's adventures), led a humanitarian mission from England with 150 men (including a doctor, some Frenchmen, a Swiss miner) and supplies. Aboard the Hercules (of Rye), Blessinge (of Plymouth, England), and De La Warr ships, they intercepted the weary colonists in Chesapeake Bay departing Virginia and compelled them to return to Jamestown with the new provisions and passengers.

1. Captain Samuel Argall
2. Doctor Lawrence Bohun
3. Master Andrew Buckler
4. Sir Humphrey (Humfrey) Blunt
5. Reynold Booth
6. Captain Edward Brewster (Bruster)
7. Joan Chandler
8. Captain Ralph Hamor, secretary
9. William Henrick Faldoe, a Swiss mine-hunter
10. William Julian
11. Richard Kingsmill, on the Delaware
12. Reverend William Mease (Mays)
13. Master Anthony Scott, ensign
14. Master Stacy
15. Master Robert Tyndall (Tindall), mariner
16. Thomas West, 3rd Baron De La Warr, "Lord Governor and Captain General"
17. Captain William West
18. Sir Ferdinando Wainmen (Wenman, Weinman), captain and gentleman, master of the ordnance

Other settlers in 1610-11

This list is incomplete; you can help by adding missing items. (May 2024)

The Hercules (of Rye), which had left in July, 1610, returned to Virginia on April, 1611, with 30 immigrants (captained by Robert Adams).

The Noah brought ancient planter Henry Coltman in August, 1610. In c. September 1610, the Dainty arrived with "twelve men, one woman, three horses, and provisions..." Captained by Nathaniel West, the Mary Ann brought over widow Mistress Francis West. The Mary and Thomas brought over William Tucker.

Settlers from Fifth Supply (May and August 1611)

This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (March 2024)

Both Thomas Dale and Thomas Gates led flotillas back to Virginia. Thomas Dale headed to the colony with 300 labourers, at the request of the London Company. The Starr, the Elizabeth, and Prosperous (with Vice Admiral Christopher Newport) also carried horses, poultry, goats, and rabbits. Thomas Gates had ships Sarah, Tryall [sic], Swan which arrived just after the Dale flotilla. Those who died before arriving in Virginia are indicated with a Latin cross (✝️)

1. John Clark, pilot
2. Thomas Dale, "Marshall of Virginia", on the Starr
3. ✝️ Mistress Thomas Gates, wife of Gates
4. Daughter of Gates (I)
5. Daughter of Gates (II)
6. Cecily Jordan Farrar, girl
7. Robert Poole (Powell), boy, on the Starr
8. Robert Poole (Powell), Sr., father, on the Starr
9. John Poole (Powell), brother of Robert the elder, on the Starr
10. Reverend Mister Poole
11. William Spencer, yeoman
12. Thomas Sully
13. Reverend Alexander Whitaker (Whiteaker), on the Starr
14. Robert Wright, sawyer

See also

• History of Jamestown, Virginia (1607–1699)

Notes

Footnotes

1. Dates are in Old Style calendar (the New Year begins on March 25).
2. Ship name, Mary and Margaret is sometimes documented as Mary Margaret or Mary Ann Margett
3. It is unclear which ship William Capps arrived on. Capps was potentially marooned on Bermuda with the Sea Venture (most likely) or could have arrived safely to Virginia with Thomas Gates remaining flotilla.
4. Not to be confused with an English immigrant in Plymouth, Massachusetts, with the same name and same named-wife.
5. There is conflicting data on whether Jane Pierce (daughter of William and Joan) sailed with her father aboard Sea Venture or her mother on the Blessinge. It is also debated if the found remains of a "Jane" are the same girl.
6. A third ship, De La Warr (Delaware) name is debated, and even the ship itself to exist
7. Ship Mary and Thomas is often referred to as Mary and James
8. Ship name is an alternate spelling of "Trial", sometimes written as Triall
9. Swan ship might have been called Swan of Barnstaple

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104. McCartney, M. W. (2000). Documentary History of Jamestown Island: Land ownership. Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. p. 247.

Additional reading

• Bernard Bailyn, The Barbarous Years: The Peopling of British North America: The Conflict of Civilizations, 1600-1675 (Vintage, 2012)
• Warren M. Billings (Editor), The Old Dominion in the Seventeenth Century: A Documentary History of Virginia, 1606-1700 (University of North Carolina Press, 2007)
• James Horn, A Land as God Made It (Perseus Books, 2005)
• Margaret Huber, Powhatan Lords of Life and Death: Command and Consent in Seventeenth-Century Virginia (University of Nebraska Press, 2008)
• William M. Kelso, Jamestown, The Buried Truth (University of Virginia Press, 2006)
• David A. Price, Love and Hate in Jamestown (Alfred A. Knopf, 2003)
• Helen C. Rountree, The Powhatan Indians of Virginia: Their Traditional Culture (University of Oklahoma Press, 2013)
• Ed Southern (Editor), Jamestown Adventure, The: Accounts of the Virginia Colony, 1605-1614 (Blair, 2011)
• Tony Williams, "The Jamestown Experiment: The Remarkable Story of the Enterprising Colony and the Unexpected Results that Shaped America" (Sourcebooks Inc, 2011)
• Jocelyn R. Wingfield, Virginia's True Founder: Edward Maria Wingfield and His Times (Booksurge, 2007)
• Benjamin Woolley, Savage Kingdom: The True Story of Jamestown, 1607, and the Settlement of America (Harper Perennial, 2008)
• William M. Kelso, Nicholas M. Luccketti, Beverly A. Straube, The Jamestown Rediscovery Archaeology Project

• Pre-statehood history of Virginia
• People from Jamestown, Virginia
• Virginia history-related lists