- Baurzhan Abdishev, Soviet army veteran and Kazakhstani politician
- Gulshara Abdykhalikova (born 1965), politician
- Byrganym Aitimova (born 1953), ambassador, minister, former Komsomol leader who supported Soviet government rogue actions against Kazakh people during Jeltoqsan
- Zhanar Aitzhanova (born 1965), politician, Permanent Representative of the Republic of Kazakhstan to the United Nations Office at Geneva
- Daniyal Akhmetov (born 1954), Prime Minister
- Akhmet Baitursynov (1873–1937), poet, writer and politician
- Nurlan Balgimbayev (1947–2015), Prime Minister
- Osman Bahadur (1899–1951), fighter for the freedom of the Kazakh people in Xinjiang
- Alikhan Bukeikhanov (1866–1937), writer, political activist and environmental scientist
- Tamara Duisenova (born 1965), politician, e Minister of Labour and Social Protection of the Population
- Mir Yaqub Dulatuli (1885–1935), poet, writer and a leader of Alash Orda government
- Kabibulla Dzhakupov, former Chair of the Mazhilis from 2014 to 2016
- Janabil (1934–2024), politician in China
- Guljan Karagusova (born 1950), member of Majilis, Minister of Labour and Social Protection
- Ashat Kerimbay (born 1947), politician in China
- Oralbeg Abdu Kerimovic, Secretary General of the government of Kazakhstan
- Yurii Khitrin, Prosecutor General
- Dinmukhamed Kunaev (1912–1993), soviet politician, First Secretary of the Kazakh Communist Party between 1960–1962 and 1964–1986
- Muhambet Kopeev (born 1949), Kazakh senator, former Deputy Chairman of the Senate of Kazakhstan and Mazhilis, former Minister of Emergency Situations
- Eset Kotibaruli (1803–1889), leader of the anti-colonial war against Russian Empire
- Mukhtar Kul-Mukhammed (born 1960), senator, former Deputy Chairman of the Nur Otan, and former advisor to the President of Kazakhstan
- Asqar Mamin (born 1965), former Prime Minister
- Karim Massimov (born 1965), former Prime Minister
- Nursultan Nazarbayev (born 1940), first President of Kazakhstan and founder of the Nur Otan party
- Bolat Nurgaliyev (born 1951), diplomat
- Makhambet Otemisuly (1804–1846), akyn, composer, leader of rebellious movement against Russian Empire
- Toleutai Raqymbekov (born 1964), politician
- Qairat Rysqulbekov (1966–1988), participant in Jeltoqsan protests, posthumous Hero of Kazakhstan
- Kanat Saudabayev (born 1946), politician, Secretary of State, Minister of Foreign Affairs
- Mustafa Shokay (1890–1941), leader of the Kokand revolt (1917) against the Bolsheviks
- Älihan Smaiylov (born 1972), current Prime Minister
- Oljas Suleimenov (born 1936), poet, politician, and anti-nuclear activist
- Imangali Tasmagambetov (born 1956), Prime Minister
- Isatay Taymanuly (1791–1838), leader of rebellious movement against Russian Empire
- Marat Tazhin (born 1960), Foreign Minister
- Kassym-Jomart Tokayev (born 1953), Foreign Minister, Prime Minister, and current President of Kazakhstan
- Janseiıt Tüimebaev (born 1958), Minister of Education and Science
- Aman Tuleyev (born 1944), governor of Kemerovo Oblast, Russia
- Mukhamedzhan Tynyshpaev (1879–1953), Kazakh engineer, ethnographer, historian, and political activist
- Akhmetzhan Yessimov (born 1960), Kazakh politician and former chairman of Samruk-Kazyna
- Adilbek Zhaksybekov (born 1954), politician, State Secretary, Minister
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