List of United States senators in the 38th Congress

This is a complete list of members of the United States Senate during the 38th United States Congress listed by seniority, from March 4, 1863, to March 3, 1865.

Order of service is based on the commencement of the senator's first term. Behind this is former service as a senator (only giving the senator seniority within his or her new incoming class), service as vice president, a House member, a cabinet secretary, or a governor of a state. The final factor is the population of the senator's state.

Senators who were sworn in during the middle of the Congress (up until the last senator who was not sworn in early after winning the November 1864 election) are listed at the end of the list with no number.

Terms of service

This article is about the terms of service of senators that expired in years. For a list of special elections to the United States Senate, see List of special elections to the United States Senate.

Class	Terms of service of senators that expired in years
Class 2	Terms of service of senators that expired in 1865 (AL, AR, CO, DE, GA, IA, IL, KS, KY, LA, MA, ME, MI, MN, MS, NC, NH, NJ, OR, RI, SC, TN, TX, VA, and WV.)
Class 3	Terms of service of senators that expired in 1867 (CA, CT, DE, FL, IN, MA, MD, ME, MI, MN, MO, MS, NJ, NV, NY, OH, PA, RI, TN, TX, VA, VT, WI, and WV)
Class 1	Terms of service of senators that expired in 1869 (AL, AR, CA, CT, FL, GA, IA, IL, IN, KS, KY, LA, MD, MO, NC, NH, NV, NY, OH, OR, PA, SC, VT, and WI.)

U.S. Senate seniority list

U.S. Senate seniority
Rank	Senator (party-state)	Seniority date	Other factors
1	Solomon Foot (R-VT)	March 4, 1851
2	James A. Bayard Jr. (D-DE)	March 4, 1851
3	Benjamin Wade (R-OH)	March 15, 1851
4	Charles Sumner (LR-MA)	April 11, 1851
5	William P. Fessenden (R-ME)	February 10, 1854
6	Henry Wilson (R-MA)	January 31, 1855
7	Lyman Trumbull (R-IL)	March 4, 1855
8	Jacob Collamer (R-VT)
9	Lafayette S. Foster (R-CT)
10	John P. Hale (R-NH)	July 30, 1855
11	James Harlan (R-IA)	January 29, 1857
12	Zachariah Chandler (R-MI)	March 4, 1857
13	James Dixon (R-CT)
14	James R. Doolittle (R-WI)
15	Daniel Clark (R-NH)	June 27, 1857
16	Henry B. Anthony (R-RI)	March 4, 1859	Former governor
17	Willard Saulsbury Sr. (D-DE)
18	James W. Grimes (R-IA)
19	Lazarus W. Powell (D-KY)
20	Morton S. Wilkinson (R-MN)
21	John C. Ten Eyck (R-NJ)
22	Timothy O. Howe (R-WI)	March 4, 1861
23	James A. McDougall (D-CA)
24	Henry S. Lane (R-WI)
25	Ira Harris (R-NJ)
26	James Nesmith (D-OR)
27	Edgar Cowan (R-PA)
28	John Sherman (R-OH)	March 21, 1861
29	Samuel C. Pomeroy (R-KS)	April 4, 1861
30	Jim Lane (R-KS)	April 4, 1861
31	John S. Carlile (U-VA)	July 9, 1861
32	Waitman T. Willey (U-VA)	July 9, 1861
33	Garrett Davis (D-KY)	December 23, 1861
34	Jacob M. Howard (R-MI)	January 17, 1862
35	John B. Henderson (UU-MO)
36	Robert Wilson (UU-MO)
37	Benjamin F. Harding (D-OR)	September 12, 1862
38	Thomas H. Hicks (UU-MD)	December 29, 1862
39	William A. Richardson (R-IL)	January 12, 1863
40	Alexander Ramsey (R-MN)	March 4, 1863
41	William Sprague IV (R-RI)
42	John Conness (R-CA)
43	Thomas A. Hendricks (D-IN)
44	Reverdy Johnson (UU-MD)
45	Edwin D. Morgan (R-NY)
46	Charles R. Buckalew (D-PA)
47	William Wright (D-NJ)
48	Lemuel J. Bowden (UU-VA)
	Waitman T. Willey (R-VA)	August 4, 1863
	Peter G. Van Winkle (R-WV)	August 4, 1863
	Benjamin G. Brown (UU-MO)	November 13, 1863
	George R. Riddle (D-DE)	February 2, 1864
	Nathan A. Farwell (R-ME)	October 27, 1864
	William M. Stewart (R-NV)	February 1, 1865
	James W. Nye (R-NV)	February 1, 1865