This is a list of amphibian species found in the wild in Korea, including the Korean Peninsula and Jeju Island. A total of 20 species of amphibians are known from Korea; this includes two species of salamander that were not discovered until the 21st century.
This list treats the taxonomic designations found in Frost (2007) as authoritative. There have been major revisions of amphibian taxonomy, including the taxonomy of many Korean species, since the late 20th century. This has included studies which have found species such as the Korean brown frog and Imienpo Station frog, which were previously considered to be Korean varieties or subspecies of more widespread species, to be distinct. It has also included a wholesale revision of the taxonomy of the Ranidae, or true frogs—for example, the common dark-spotted frog was formerly classified as Rana nigromaculata but is now classified as Pelophylax nigromaculatus.
The following abbreviations are used in the list:
- I: International status, as given in the IUCN Red List
- K: General status in Korea, as given in various sources
- SK: Legal status in South Korea
- NK: Legal status in North Korea
Salamanders
Main article: Caudata| Common name
(Korean name) |
Species
(Authority) |
Preferred habitat | Range | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hynobiidae - 5 species | ||||
| Korean salamander
(도롱뇽) |
Hynobius leechii
(Boulenger, 1887) |
Mountain forests | Throughout mainland |
|
| Jeju salamander
(제주도롱뇽) |
Hynobius quelpaertensis
(Mori, 1928) |
Montane wetlands | Southwestern islands and peninsulas, including Jeju |
|
| Kori salamander
(고리도롱뇽) |
Hynobius yangi
(Kim, Min, & Matsui, 2003) |
Moist mountain forests | Far southeastern South Korea |
|
| Long-tailed clawed salamander
(꼬리치레도롱뇽) |
Onychodactylus fischeri
(Boulenger, 1886) |
High in forested mountain streams | Throughout mainland |
|
| Siberian salamander
(네발가락도롱뇽) |
Salamandrella keyserlingii
(Dybowski, 1870) |
Wet and riparian forests | Northeasternmost North Korea |
|
| Plethodontidae - 1 species | ||||
| Korean crevice salamander
(이끼도롱뇽) |
Karsenia koreana
(Min et al., 2005) |
Mossy limestone rockslides in oak-pine forests | Southwestern South Korea | |
Frogs and toads
Main article: Anura| Common name
(Korean name) |
Species
(Authority) |
Preferred habitat | Range | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bombinatoridae - 1 species | ||||
| Oriental fire-bellied toad
|
Bombina orientalis
(Boulenger, 1890) |
Well-vegetated wetlands | Throughout | |
| Bufonidae - 3 species | ||||
| Asiatic toad
(두꺼비) |
Bufo gargarizans
(Cantor, 1842) |
Widespread | Throughout |
|
| Korean water toad
(물두꺼비) |
Bufo stejnegeri
(Schmidt, 1931) |
Riparian mountain forests | Central Korea |
|
| Mongolian toad
(작은두꺼비) |
Pseudepidalea raddei
(Strauch, 1876) |
Dry, sandy soil | North Korea | |
| Hylidae - 2 species | ||||
| Japanese treefrog
|
Hyla japonica
(Günther, 1859) |
Widespread | Throughout | |
| Suwon treefrog
(수원청개구리) |
Hyla suweonensis
(Kuramoto, 1980) |
Widespread | West central Korea. Collected along the western coast from Ganghwado to Iksan. |
|
| Microhylidae - 1 species | ||||
| Boreal digging frog
(맹꽁이) |
Kaloula borealis
(Barbour, 1908) |
Near cultivated fields | Throughout |
|
| Ranidae - 8 species | ||||
| Korean brown frog
(한국산개구리) |
Rana coreana
(Okada, 1928) |
Near cultivated fields | Throughout |
|
| Dybowski's frog
|
Rana dybowskii
(Günther, 1876) |
Forests | Throughout |
|
| Huanren frog
(계곡산개구리) |
Rana huanrenensis
(Fei, Ye & Huang, 1991) |
High mountain streams | Sporadic throughout mainland |
|
| Dark-spotted frog
|
Pelophylax nigromaculatus
(Hallowell, 1861) |
Stagnant water in forests and meadows | Throughout | |
| Seoul frog
(금개구리) |
Pelophylax chosenicus
(Okada, 1931) |
Ponds and rice paddies | Western Korea |
|
| Imienpo Station frog
(옴개구리) |
Glandirana emeljanovi
(Nikolskii, 1913) |
Slow streams and wetlands | Throughout mainland | |
| American bullfrog
|
Rana catesbeiana
Shaw, 1802 |
Stagnant waters | Throughout |
|
See also
Notes
- Absent from Jeju and some coastal regions, according to Yang (2001), p. 40.
- IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group (2019). "Hynobius leechii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T119241913A63876633. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T119241913A63876633.en. Retrieved 11 November 2021.
- ^ Ministry of Environment (2005).
- IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group (2019). "Hynobius quelpaertensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T119242042A110101600. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T119242042A110101600.en. Retrieved 11 November 2021.
- Has been collected only in the vicinity of the Kori nuclear power station in Gijang-gun, northern Busan (Yang 2001, p. 44).
- IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group (2019). "Hynobius yangi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T136179A110101712. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T136179A110101712.en. Retrieved 11 November 2021.
- ^ Sergius Kuzmin, Masafumi Matsui, Zhao Wenge, Irina Maslova, Boris Tuniyev (2004). "Onychodactylus fischeri". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2004: e.T39419A10234504. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2004.RLTS.T39419A10234504.en. Retrieved 11 November 2021.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - Kuzmin, S.; Ishchenko, V.; Matsui, M.; Wenge, Z.; Kaneko, Y. (2008). "Salamandrella keyserlingii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2008: e.T59114A11883606. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2008.RLTS.T59114A11883606.en. Retrieved 11 November 2021.
- The "Hapsu Salamander Habitat" of this species in Paegam, North Hamgyong, is designated North Korean Natural Monument #360. Cultural Heritage Administration. "합수도롱룡살이터". 남북한의천연기념물. Archived from the original on 2007-09-30. Retrieved 2007-06-16.
- IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group (2019). "Karsenia koreana". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T61903A110101886. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T61903A110101886.en. Retrieved 11 November 2021.
- IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group (2020). "Bombina orientalis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T54449A63850146. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-1.RLTS.T54449A63850146.en. Retrieved 11 November 2021.
- Possibly extirpated on Jeju, according to Yang 2001, p. 50.
- Seldom found south of Gangwon-do, but has been collected from Jirisan, according to Yang 2001, p. 52.
- Borzée, Amaël; Kim, Kyungmin; Heo, Kyongman; Jablonski, Piotr G.; Jang, Yikweon (4 October 2017). "Impact of land reclamation and agricultural water regime on the distribution and conservation status of the endangered Dryophytes suweonensis". PeerJ. 5: e3872. doi:10.7717/peerj.3872. PMC 5631092. PMID 29018610.
- Yang 2001, p. 56
- Previously considered a subspecies of Rana amurensis, but determined to be a distinct species by . Accepted by Foster (2007).
- The boundary between this species' range and the range of Rana amurensis is not known with certainty.
- IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group (2019). "Rana coreana". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T89108544A110101367. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T89108544A110101367.en. Retrieved 11 November 2021.
- The habitat of this species on Kuwolsan in Unryul, South Hwanghae, is designated North Korean Natural Monument #146. Cultural Heritage Administration. "구월산애기개구리살이터". 남북한의 천연기념물. Archived from the original on 2007-09-30. Retrieved 2007-06-16.
- Sergius Kuzmin, Irina Maslova, Boris Tuniyev, Masafumi Matsui, Li Pipeng, Yoshio Kaneko (2004). "Pelophylax nigromaculatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2004: e.T58679A11809026. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2004.RLTS.T58679A11809026.en. Retrieved 11 November 2021.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - Per Frost (2007). Given as Rana plancyi in Yang (2001) and older records, and as Rana chosenica in the IUCN Red List.
- Not found on Jeju in recent surveys, according to Yang (2001), p. 68.
- Masafumi Matsui (2004). "Pelophylax chosenicus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2004: e.T58577A11806007. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2004.RLTS.T58577A11806007.en. Retrieved 11 November 2021.
- Per Frost (2007). Previously considered a single species with the Japanese wrinkled frog, Glandirana rugosa.
- IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group (2020). "Glandirana emeljanovi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T58591A63878188. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-1.RLTS.T58591A63878188.en. Retrieved 11 November 2021.
- Not confirmed in the wild on Jeju (Yang 2001, p. 72).
- ^ IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group (2015). "Lithobates catesbeianus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T58565A53969770. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T58565A53969770.en. Retrieved 11 November 2021.
References
Unofficial English translations are marked with angle brackets, <>.
- Frost, Darrel R. (2007) Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 5.0 (1 February 2007). Electronic Database accessible at https://web.archive.org/web/20071024033938/http://research.amnh.org/herpetology/amphibia/index.php. American Museum of Natural History, New York, USA.
- Ministry of Environment (South Korea) (2005-09-27). "(별표 6) 포획금지야생동물 <Appendix 6: Protected Wild Animal Species>". Enforcement Decree of the Protection of Wild Flora and Fauna Act (야생동·식물보호법 시행규칙). Archived from the original on 2007-09-30. Retrieved 2007-06-21.
- Son Sang-ho (손상호); Lee Yong-uk (이용욱) (2007). 양서 파충류 도감 <Field guide to reptiles and amphibians>. Seoul: Slow & Steady. ISBN 978-89-89370-53-6.
- Yang, Seo-yeong (2001). Monograph of Korean Amphibia. Seoul: Academy Books. ISBN 89-76162-38-2.
External links
- (in Korean) Amphibians of Korea
- (in Korean) Rare and endangered reptiles and amphibians of Korea
- (in Korean) Protected species of South Korea