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There are at least 20 species of Gymnosperms or Coniferous plants in Montana.
The conifers, division Pinophyta, also known as division Coniferophyta or Coniferae, are one of 13 or 14 division level taxa within the Kingdom Plantae. Pinophytes are gymnosperms. They are cone-bearing seed plants with vascular tissue; all extant conifers are woody plants, the great majority being trees with just a few being shrubs. Typical examples of conifers include cedars, Douglas firs, cypresses, firs, junipers, kauris, larches, pines, hemlocks, redwoods, spruces, and yews. The division contains approximately eight families, 68 genera, and 630 living species.
The Ponderosa pine, a conifer, is the Montana State Tree.
Cedars and junipers
Order: Pinales, Family: Cupressaceae
- Common juniper, Juniperus communis
- Creeping juniper, Juniperus horizontalis
- Rocky mountain juniper, Juniperus scopulorum
- Utah juniper, Juniperus osteosperma
- Western redcedar, Thuja plicata
Fir, hemlock, larch, pine, and spruce
Order: Pinales, Family: Pinaceae
- Alpine larch, Larix lyallii
- Douglas fir, Pseudotsuga menziesii
- Engelmann spruce, Picea engelmannii
- Grand fir, Abies grandis
- Limber pine, Pinus flexilis
- Lodgepole pine, Pinus contorta
- Mountain hemlock, Tsuga mertensiana
- Ponderosa pine, Pinus ponderosa
- Subalpine fir, Abies lasiocarpa
- Western hemlock, Tsuga heterophylla
- Western larch, Larix occidentalis
- Western white pine, Pinus monticola
- White spruce, Picea glauca
- Whitebark pine, Pinus albicaulis
Yew
Order: Pinales, Family: Taxaceae
- Pacific yew, Taxus brevifolia
Further reading
- Rydberg, Per Axel PhD (1900). Catalogue of the flora of Montana and the Yellowstone National Park (PDF). New York: New York Botanical Garden.
- Booth, W.E. (1950). Flora of Montana, Part I Conifers and Monocots. Bozeman, Montana: The Research Foundation at Montana State College.
- Kavanaugh, James (2005). Montana Trees & Wildflowers: An Introduction to Familiar Species. Waterford Press. ISBN 1-58355-293-6.
- Little, E.L. Jr. (1979). Checklist of United States trees (native and naturalized). Agriculture Handbook No. 541. Washington, D.C: U.S. Forest Service.
- Petrides, George A. (1992). A Field Guide to Western Trees. Western United States and Canada. Roger Tory Peterson Field Guides 50th Anniversary Edition. Norwalk, CT: Easton Press.
See also
Notes
- "Montana Field Guide-Conifers". Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife and Parks. Retrieved 2010-12-06.
- Campbell, Reece, "Phylum Coniferophyta."Biology. 7th. 2005. Print. P.595
- Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual checklist - Conifer database Archived 2009-01-15 at the Wayback Machine
- Lott, J.; Liu, J.; Pennell, K.; Lesage, A.; West, M. (2002). "Iron-rich particles and globoids in embryos of seeds from phyla Coniferophyta, Cycadophyta, Gnetophyta, and Ginkgophyta: characteristics of early seed plants". Canadian Journal of Botany. 80 (9): 954–961. doi:10.1139/b02-083.
- "Montana State Symbols". Retrieved 2010-12-06.
- "Montana Field Guide-Common Juniper". Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife and Parks. Retrieved 2010-12-06.
- "Montana Field Guide-Creeping Juniper". Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife and Parks. Retrieved 2010-12-06.
- "Montana Field Guide-Rocky Mountain Juniper". Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife and Parks. Retrieved 2010-12-06.
- "Montana Field Guide-Utah Juniper". Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife and Parks. Retrieved 2010-12-06.
- "Montana Field Guide-Western Redcedar". Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife and Parks. Retrieved 2010-12-06.
- "Montana Field Guide-Alpine Larch". Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife and Parks. Retrieved 2010-12-06.
- "Montana Field Guide-Douglas Fir". Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife and Parks. Retrieved 2010-12-06.
- "Montana Field Guide-Engelmann Spruce". Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife and Parks. Retrieved 2010-12-06.
- "Montana Field Guide-Grand Fir". Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife and Parks. Retrieved 2010-12-06.
- "Montana Field Guide-Limber Pine". Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife and Parks. Retrieved 2010-12-06.
- "Montana Field Guide-Lodgepole Pine". Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife and Parks. Retrieved 2010-12-06.
- "Montana Field Guide-Mountain Hemlock". Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife and Parks. Retrieved 2010-12-06.
- "Montana Field Guide-Ponderosa Pine". Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife and Parks. Retrieved 2010-12-06.
- "Montana Field Guide-Subalpine Fir". Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife and Parks. Retrieved 2010-12-06.
- "Montana Field Guide-Western Hemlock". Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife and Parks. Retrieved 2010-12-06.
- "Montana Field Guide-Western Larch". Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife and Parks. Retrieved 2010-12-06.
- "Montana Field Guide-Western White Pine". Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife and Parks. Retrieved 2010-12-06.
- "Montana Field Guide-White Spruce". Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife and Parks. Retrieved 2010-12-06.
- "Montana Field Guide-Whitebark Pine". Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife and Parks. Retrieved 2010-12-06.
- "Montana Field Guide-Pacific Yew". Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife and Parks. Retrieved 2010-12-06.
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