See also: List of countries by wealth per adult
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National net wealth, also known as national net worth, is the total sum of the value of a country's assets minus its liabilities. It refers to the total value of net wealth possessed by the residents of a state at a set point in time. Despite the name, figures in this article only cover household wealth and exclude government wealth, which may be substantial, as in China, or negative, as in the UK or US, and so does not show total wealth. This figure is an important indicator of a nation's ability to take on debt and sustain spending and is influenced not only by real estate prices, equity market prices, exchange rates, liabilities and incidence in a country of the population, but also by human resources, natural resources, and capital and technological advancements, which may create new assets or render others worthless in the future.
The most significant component by far among most developed nations is commonly reported as household net wealth or worth, and reflects infrastructure investment. National wealth can fluctuate, as evidenced in the United States after the Great Recession and subsequent economic recovery. During periods when equity markets experience strong growth, the relative national and per capita wealth of the countries where people are more exposed on those markets, such as the United States and United Kingdom, tend to rise. On the other hand, when equity markets are depressed, the relative wealth of the countries where people invest more in real estate and bonds, such as France and Italy, tend to rise instead.
Total household wealth by country
Top 10 countries by total wealth, 2022
United States (30.8%) China (18.6%) Japan (5.0%) Germany (3.8%) United Kingdom (3.5%) France (3.5%) India (3.4%) Canada (2.5%) Italy (2.4%) South Korea (2.2%) Rest of the World (24.4%)* indicates "Wealth in country or territory" or "Economy of country or territory" links.
Countries ranking through time
In the following table are ranked the 30 countries by the largest national net wealth from 2000 to 2022 according to UBS and Credit Suisse S.A. (August 2023).
| Country | 2000 | Country | 2005 | Country | 2010 | Country | 2015 | Country | 2020 | Country | 2022 | Country | Peak value | Peak year |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| World | 117,825 | World | 182,218 | World | 252,084 | World | 297,743 | World | 422,718 | World | 454,385 | World | 465,666 | 2021 |
 United States |
43,423 | United States |
62,634 | United States |
64,661 | United States |
87,959 | United States |
126,300 | United States |
139,866 | United States |
145,793 | 2021 |
 Japan |
19,404 | Japan |
19,476 | Japan |
28,640 |  China |
46,535 | China |
73,866 | China |
84,485 | China |
85,947 | 2021 |
 United Kingdom |
6,565 | United Kingdom |
10,949 | China |
25,493 | Japan |
21,519 | Japan |
26,744 | Japan |
22,582 | Japan |
29,718 | 2011 |
 Germany |
6,160 |  France |
9,679 | France |
13,526 | United Kingdom |
13,978 | Germany |
18,053 | Germany |
17,426 | Germany |
18,412 | 2021 |
 Italy |
5,522 | Italy |
9,457 | Germany |
11,934 | Germany |
12,009 | France |
16,326 | United Kingdom |
15,972 | United Kingdom |
16,741 | 2021 |
| France |
4,704 | Germany |
9,073 | Italy |
11,545 | France |
11,594 | United Kingdom |
15,454 | France |
15,727 | France |
16,326 | 2020 |
| China |
3,704 | China |
8,522 | United Kingdom |
11,199 | Italy |
10,506 |  India |
12,688 | India |
15,365 | India |
15,365 | 2022 |
 Canada |
2,613 |  Spain |
6,905 | Spain |
8,701 | India |
8,948 | Italy |
12,176 | Canada |
11,263 | Italy |
12,820 | 2007 |
| Spain |
2,497 | Canada |
4,363 | Canada |
6,832 | Canada |
6,930 | Canada |
10,586 | Italy |
11,020 | Canada |
12,501 | 2021 |
 South Korea |
1,721 | South Korea |
3,508 | India |
6,810 |  Australia |
6,424 | South Korea |
9,625 | South Korea |
9,890 | Australia |
10,734 | 2021 |
 Netherlands |
1,591 | Australia |
3,480 | Australia |
6,662 | Spain |
6,177 | Australia |
9,268 | Australia |
9,720 | Spain |
10,296 | 2007 |
| India |
1,553 | India |
3,266 | South Korea |
4,744 | South Korea |
6,128 | Spain |
8,759 | Spain |
8,487 | South Korea |
9,946 | 2021 |
| Australia |
1,500 | Netherlands |
2,524 | Netherlands |
3,323 |  Taiwan |
3,514 | Netherlands |
5,447 | Taiwan |
5,422 | Taiwan |
5,776 | 2021 |
| Taiwan |
1,437 | Taiwan |
1,883 |  Brazil |
3,128 |  Switzerland |
3,428 | Taiwan |
4,920 | Netherlands |
4,869 | Netherlands |
5,447 | 2020 |
| Switzerland |
1,273 |  Belgium |
1,826 | Switzerland |
2,892 | Netherlands |
3,255 | Switzerland |
4,673 |  Mexico |
4,863 | Switzerland |
4,893 | 2021 |
| Belgium |
1,110 | Switzerland |
1,737 | Taiwan |
2,628 | Mexico |
2,659 | Mexico |
3,767 | Switzerland |
4,829 | Mexico |
4,863 | 2022 |
 Hong Kong |
871 | Mexico |
1,563 | Belgium |
2,565 | Hong Kong |
2,548 | Belgium |
3,544 | Brazil |
4,628 | Brazil |
4,628 | 2022 |
| Mexico |
828 |  Austria |
1,067 | Mexico |
2,261 | Belgium |
2,531 | Hong Kong |
3,446 |  Russia |
4,386 | Russia |
4,386 | 2022 |
| Austria |
719 | Brazil |
1,064 | Russia |
2,165 | Brazil |
2,398 | Russia |
3,177 | Hong Kong |
3,493 | Belgium |
3,544 | 2020 |
| Brazil |
646 |  Turkey |
1,034 | Turkey |
1,718 |  Indonesia |
1,899 | Brazil |
3,092 | Indonesia |
3,256 | Hong Kong |
3,495 | 2021 |
 Greece |
618 | Greece |
1,020 |  Sweden |
1,628 | Russia |
1,824 | Indonesia |
3,087 | Belgium |
3,195 | Indonesia |
3,256 | 2022 |
| Turkey |
525 | Hong Kong |
976 | Hong Kong |
1,588 | Sweden |
1,783 | Sweden |
2,742 |  Iran |
3,034 | Iran |
3,034 | 2022 |
| Sweden |
522 | Sweden |
966 | Austria |
1,460 | Turkey |
1,777 |  Saudi Arabia |
1,905 | Sweden |
2,335 | Sweden |
2,865 | 2021 |
 Denmark |
451 | Russia |
869 | Indonesia |
1,359 | Saudi Arabia |
1,437 | Austria |
1,855 | Saudi Arabia |
2,268 | Saudi Arabia |
2,268 | 2022 |
 Portugal |
422 | Denmark |
799 | Greece |
1,252 | Austria |
1,408 | Denmark |
1,793 |  Singapore |
1,906 | Denmark |
1,998 | 2021 |
| Saudi Arabia |
415 | Portugal |
731 | Denmark |
1,022 | Singapore |
1,075 | Singapore |
1,637 | Denmark |
1,869 | Turkey |
1,970 | 2013 |
| Indonesia |
364 | Indonesia |
704 |  Norway |
988 | Denmark |
1,055 | Turkey |
1,509 | Austria |
1,794 | Singapore |
1,906 | 2022 |
 Ireland |
336 | Ireland |
696 | Portugal |
958 |  Egypt |
1,035 |  Poland |
1,465 | Norway |
1,644 | Austria |
1,855 | 2020 |
| Norway |
336 | Poland |
622 | Poland |
936 |  Thailand |
1,000 | Iran |
1,443 | Poland |
1,592 |  New Zealand |
1,658 | 2021 |
| Singapore |
324 | Saudi Arabia |
620 | Thailand |
926 | Poland |
993 | New Zealand |
1,436 | New Zealand |
1,426 | Norway |
1,644 | 2022 |
Shares of global wealth
The following table indicates the share of global wealth of the ten wealthiest countries by net national wealth at given years. The share of global wealth of a country that is 5% or greater at a given year is in bold.
| Year | Australia |
Canada |
China |
France |
Germany |
India |
Italy |
Japan |
South Korea |
Spain |
United Kingdom |
United States |
Aggregate share of the top 10 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000 | — | 2.2% | 3.1% | 4.0% | 5.2% | — | 4.7% | 16.5% | 1.5% | 2.1% | 5.6% | 36.9% | 81.8% |
| 2001 | — | 2.1% | 3.6% | 4.0% | 5.2% | — | 4.6% | 14.1% | 1.5% | 2.3% | 5.6% | 38.8% | 81.8% |
| 2002 | — | 2.0% | 3.7% | 4.6% | 5.5% | — | 5.3% | 13.8% | 1.7% | 2.9% | 6.1% | 35.1% | 80.7% |
| 2003 | 1.9% | 2.2% | 3.7% | 5.2% | 5.8% | — | 5.7% | 12.9% | — | 3.5% | 6.2% | 32.8% | 79.9% |
| 2004 | 1.9% | 2.2% | 3.9% | 5.6% | 5.7% | — | 5.7% | 11.5% | — | 3.9% | 6.5% | 32.5% | 79.4% |
| 2005 | — | 2.4% | 4.7% | 5.3% | 5.0% | — | 5.2% | 10.7% | 1.9% | 3.8% | 6.0% | 34.4% | 79.4% |
| 2006 | 2.0% | 2.3% | 5.0% | 5.8% | 5.0% | — | 5.5% | 9.5% | — | 4.2% | 6.4% | 32.3% | 78.0% |
| 2007 | 2.3% | 2.6% | 6.0% | 6.1% | 5.3% | — | 5.5% | 8.6% | — | 4.4% | 6.2% | 29.3% | 76.3% |
| 2008 | — | 2.2% | 8.2% | 6.0% | 5.4% | 2.2% | 5.6% | 11.2% | — | 4.4% | 4.4% | 27.5% | 77.1% |
| 2009 | 2.4% | 2.6% | 8.6% | 5.7% | 5.3% | — | 5.4% | 10.2% | — | 4.1% | 4.8% | 26.3% | 75.4% |
| Year | Australia |
Canada |
China |
France |
Germany |
India |
Italy |
Japan |
South Korea |
Spain |
United Kingdom |
United States |
Aggregate share of the top 10 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2010 | — | 2.7% | 10.1% | 5.4% | 4.7% | 2.7% | 4.6% | 11.4% | — | 3.5% | 4.4% | 25.7% | 75.2% |
| 2011 | — | 2.7% | 11.9% | 5.1% | 4.6% | 2.5% | 4.3% | 11.4% | — | 3.4% | 4.5% | 25.2% | 75.6% |
| 2012 | — | 2.8% | 12.5% | 4.8% | 4.6% | 2.7% | 4.2% | 9.8% | — | 2.9% | 4.4% | 25.6% | 74.3% |
| 2013 | — | 2.7% | 13.8% | 4.8% | 4.7% | 2.6% | 4.1% | 7.8% | — | 2.7% | 4.5% | 26.8% | 74.5% |
| 2014 | 2.2% | 2.6% | 15.1% | 4.2% | 4.3% | 2.8% | 3.9% | 7.1% | — | — | 4.7% | 28.6% | 75.5% |
| 2015 | 2.2% | 2.3% | 15.6% | 3.9% | 4.0% | 3.0% | 3.5% | 7.2% | — | — | 4.7% | 29.5% | 75.9% |
| 2016 | 2.2% | 2.5% | 16.7% | 3.8% | 3.9% | 3.2% | 3.3% | 7.2% | — | — | 4.0% | 29.9% | 76.7% |
| 2017 | 2.2% | 2.4% | 17.4% | 3.9% | 4.1% | 3.3% | 3.3% | 6.7% | — | — | 4.1% | 28.4% | 75.8% |
| 2018 | — | 2.2% | 18.4% | 3.8% | 4.1% | 3.4% | 3.0% | 6.7% | 2.2% | — | 3.7% | 28.5% | 76.0% |
| 2019 | — | 2.3% | 18.1% | 3.6% | 4.0% | 3.4% | 2.8% | 6.5% | 2.1% | — | 3.6% | 29.6% | 76.0% |
| Year | Australia |
Canada |
China |
France |
Germany |
India |
Italy |
Japan |
South Korea |
Spain |
United Kingdom |
United States |
Aggregate share of the top 10 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2020 | — | 2.5% | 17.5% | 3.9% | 4.3% | 3.0% | 2.9% | 6.3% | 2.3% | — | 3.7% | 29.9% | 76.3% |
| 2021 | 2.3% | 2.7% | 18.5% | 3.5% | 4.0% | 3.2% | 2.5% | 5.4% | — | — | 3.6% | 31.3% | 77.0% |
| 2022 | — | 2.5% | 18.6% | 3.5% | 3.8% | 3.4% | 2.4% | 5.0% | 2.2% | — | 3.5% | 30.8% | 75.7% |
| 2023 |
See also
- List of countries by financial assets per capita
- G7
- Distribution of wealth
- Affluence in the United States
- Wealth distribution in Europe
References
- "National Statistics, Republic of China (Taiwan)". stat.gov.tw. Retrieved 9 August 2016.
- Shorrocks, Anthony; Davies, James; Lluberas, Rodrigo (2023). Global Wealth Databook 2023. UBS and Credit Suisse Research Institute.
- "GDP (current US$) | Data". data.worldbank.org. Retrieved 31 May 2021.
- "Global wealth report". UBS & Credit Suisse. Retrieved 17 August 2023.
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| Digital divide | |||||
| Net international investment position (NIIP) | |||||
| Lists of countries by financial rankings | |
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