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List of equipment of the South African Army

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For a list of all military equipment of South Africa, see List of equipment of the South African National Defence Force.

This is a list of equipment of the South African Army. It includes equipment such as small arms, combat vehicles, explosives, missile systems, engineering vehicles, logistical vehicles, artillery, air defence systems, as well as future equipment. Due to how large and secretive the South African Army is, it is currently almost impossible to calculate all equipment in the army.

Infantry equipment

Name Image Origin Type Calibre Details
Handguns
Vektor Z88  South Africa Semi-automatic pistol 9×19mm Parabellum 15-round magazine. License-built Beretta 92F. Standard issue side arm since 1989 alongside the SP1.
Vektor SP1  South Africa Semi-automatic pistol 9×19mm Parabellum 15-round magazine. Standard issue side arm alongside the Z88 since 1992.
Submachine guns
Milkor BXP  South Africa Submachine gun 9×19mm Parabellum 22 or 32-round magazines. An indigenously designed 9mm submachine gun similar in appearance to the MAC-10. In service since 1984.
HK MP5  Germany Submachine gun 9×19mm Parabellum 30 or 40-round magazines. Used by the SOSF and military police.
Assault rifles & Battle rifles
Vektor R4

 South Africa Assault rifle 5.56×45mm NATO 35-round or 50-round magazines. Standard Service rifle since 1980.

Many of the R4 and R5 rifles were modernized in 2010 throughout Project African Warrior for the South African Army's Soldier Modernization Programme.

The updated version of the rifle has a folding/collapsible stock, railed handguard, and side-mounted rail and comes equipped with the Trijicon ACOG TA11 or other optical sights, foregrips and grenade launchers.

Vektor R5  South Africa Carbine rifle 5.56×45mm NATO 35-round magazine carbine version of the Vektor R4.
Vektor R1  South Africa Designated marksman rifle 7.62×51mm NATO 20-round magazine. Former service rifle of the South African Army. Remaining rifles in service are used in and anti-poaching patrols and others made into designated marksman rifles.
Precision rifles
Denel NTW-20  South Africa Anti-materiel rifle 20×82mm 14.5×114mm 3-round magazine. In service since 1998 by the South African Special Forces and Army Infantry sniper sections. Comes equipped with the 8 × 56 Lynx Telescopic sight.

The NTW-20 can penetrate through walls and armored vehicles.

Truvelo CMS  South Africa Sniper rifle .338 Lapua .50 BMG 7.62x51mm NATO CMS (Counter Measure Sniper Rifle).

Standard-issue sniper rifle in service since 2018 comes equipped with 5-round or 10-round magazines.

Shotguns
Stoeger SP312  Turkey Pump-action shotgun 12 gauge Used for crowd control.
Machine guns
Vektor SS-77  South Africa General-purpose machine gun 7.62×51mm NATO Belt-fed GPMG in service since 1986 alongside the FN MAG.

100-round pear-shaped pouch in general use, 200-round rigid box. Can use both non-disintegrating DM1 and NATO M13 or R1M1 disintegrating link belts.

FN MAG  Belgium General-purpose machine gun 7.62×51mm NATO Belt-fed GPMG. Main automatic weapon of dismounted infantry sections.

100-round pear-shaped pouches in general use and 200-round disintegrating link metal belts. Can be mounted on a Tripod as well as vehicles.

Browning MG4  United States
 South Africa 		Medium machine gun 7.62×51mm NATO M1919A4 Browning Medium Machine gun modified by Lyttleton Engineering Works, now Denel Land Systems, to fire the 7.62×51mm round.

It is Belt fed and generally fitted to armoured and infantry vehicles as well as certain helicopters as a secondary or tertiary armament.

M2 Browning  United States  South Africa Heavy machine gun .50 BMG Belt fed machine gun mainly mounted on Tripods, armoured and infantry vehicles.

The weapon fires .50 calibre rounds at a rate of 485-635 rounds-per-minute out to an effective range of 2,000 metres.

Grenade launchers
Milkor MGL  South Africa Grenade launcher 40×46 mm Variants used by the Army include the Milkor Y2 which was in service since 1983 and the Y4 SuperSix in service since 2019. 6-round revolving, swing out-type cylinder. Comes equipped with optical sights.
Denel Y3 AGL  South Africa Grenade machine gun 40×53 mm HV A belt-fed, high velocity, long-recoil, open-breech automatic grenade launcher in service with a fire rate of 360 to 425 rounds per minute.

Can be mounted on both armoured vehicles and tripods. Electronic indirect sight and Aim point direct sight can be mounted.

Anti-tank weapons
RPG-7  Soviet Union Rocket-propelled grenade launcher 40 mm Large numbers of RPG-7s were captured during the mid-1970s and are used as the primary infantry anti-armour rocket launcher and is deployed at section level for use against armoured vehicles.

Currently the Army is looking for a replacement for this ageing system.

FT5 No image available  South Africa Anti-tank rocket launcher 100 mm A powerful anti-tank rocket weapon designed to destroy modern main battle tanks, bunkers and fortifications.

Since 2007 the weapons have been placed in reserve.

AT4  Sweden 84 mm smoothbore recoilless rifle 84 mm Replacement for the RPG-7.
Carl Gustaf M4  Sweden 84 mm recoilless rifle 84 mm Replacement for the RPG-7.
M40 recoilless rifle  United States 105 mm recoilless rifle 105 mm A direct-fire, crew served weapon issued in units of six to the motorised and airborne infantry anti-tank platoons.
MILAN ER  France Wire-guided anti-tank missile system 115 mm 46 Milan ADT (Advanced Digital Technology) launchers as well as 300+ Milan ER (extended range) SACLOS missiles are in service since 2007 with the Army’s airborne and motorised infantry battalions as well as with the Special Forces Brigade. Soldiers train on the four simulators acquired from MBDA.

All systems are equipped with Video output devices and 15 launchers are equipped with Thermal imaging systems.

ZT3 Ingwe  South Africa Beam-riding anti-tank guided missile system 152 mm Multipurpose long-range jam-resistant beam-riding guided missile similar to the American BGM-71 TOW and Russian 9M133 Kornet.

The missile is launched from a ground-based launcher and can also be launched from a triple launcher atop a Ratel ZT3 or other vehicles.

The ZT3 Ingwe is operated by the Armoured Corps and the Mechanized infantry battalions.

Grenades
M26  South Africa Fragmentation hand grenade N/A Manufactured by Rheinmetall Denel Munitions, based on a US design. In service with the South African Army Infantry Formation.
RDM Illuminating Hand Grenade No image available  South Africa Hand grenade N/A A grenade which consists of an aluminium case containing the illuminating composition, to which is fitted a conventional fly-off lever striker mechanism. The illuminating grenade provides sufficient light for target identification and attack. The grenade

can also be used as a light source for emergency conditions when other pyrotechnic light sources are not available.

M854 Smoke Grenade No image available  South Africa Smoke grenade N/A A grenade which consists of a cylindrical tinplate body containing the smoke composition, a spring-loaded striker mechanism of the fly-off lever type and a pyrotechnic igniter/delay system. The fly-off lever is retained by a conventional safety pin and pull ring. The grenade has a variety of signalling applications and may also be used for screening and for

training exercises in riot control.

RDM Bullet Trap (BT) Rifle Grenades No image available  South Africa Rifle grenade 54 mm (HE/AP), 60 mm (HE/DP) Second generation South African rifle grenades manufactured by Rheinmetall Denel Munitions (formerly Swartklip Products, a division of Denel). The grenade incorporates a bullet trap and deflector in the tail tube. This allows them to be fired without the need to unload the rifle of its ammunition. Bullet Trap rifle grenades available includes HE/AP (High Explosive/Anti-Personnel), Practice and HE/DP (High Explosive/Dual Purpose) grenades. The HE/DP type has a shaped charge warhead which can penetrate 150 mm of rolled homogeneous armour or 450 mm of reinforced concrete. Grenades can be fired from both 5.56mm and 7.62mm rifles in the South African arsenal.
75 mm HEAT rifle grenade No image available  South Africa Rifle grenade 75 mm HEAT A shaped charge grenade, based on the Belgian ENERGA anti-tank rifle grenade and designed to be fired from most 7.62mm rifles. Can penetrate 275 mm of rolled homogeneous armour. Presumably largely phased out of South African service along with the large majority of 7.62mm R1 rifles. No longer in production.

Vehicles

Name Image Origin Type Quantity Details

Main battle tank

Olifant  South Africa Main Battle Tank 74 (Active)

178 (Reserve)

A heavily modified and modernized Centurion tank.
The MK1A tanks were commissioned in 1985, MK1Bs were commissioned in 1991 and the MK2 tanks were commissioned in 2007.
  • ~ 182 MK1A
  • ~ 44 MK1B
  • ~ 26 MK2

The fleet is soon to be replaced by a new MBT in the future through project aorta.

Tank destroyer

Rooikat  South Africa Armoured reconnaissance vehicle 176 (Active)

64 (Reserve)

Armoured fighting vehicle used for reconnaissance, aggressive search-and-destroy, anti-armour operations, combat patrols, raids, day and night hot pursuit operations.

The Rooikat is armed with a 76 mm or 105 mm cannon as well as two 7.62mm machine guns, one co-axial to the main armament and one at the commander’s position providing both ground and aerial defence, its countermeasures are 2 x 81 mm smoke grenade launchers, mounted in a forward firing position on each side of the turret.

Infantry fighting vehicle

Ratel IFV Ratel IFV (973):

Ratel ZT3 (52):

 South Africa IFV 570 (Active)

455 (Reserve)

Primary armoured fighting vehicle in service with the South African Mechanized infantry units.

Armament:

A total of 1,380 units were delivered to the army in all variants. At least 355 Ratels were sold to foreign countries bringing the total down to 1,025 units as of 2024.

Badger IFV  Finland South Africa IFV 26 (Active)

(+ 228 on order)

The Badgers are a new generation of armoured fighting vehicles planned to partially replace the Army's current Ratel IFV fleet over the next decade.

Armament:

  • Standard variant (EMAK-30 30 mm Cam Gun, 7.62 mm Browning M1919 coaxial)
  • Fire support variant (EMAK-30 30 mm Cam Gun, 7.62 mm Browning M1919 coaxial and 2 x ZT3 Ingwe ATGM launchers)
  • Mortar variant (60 mm breech-loading gun-mortar, 7.62 mm Browning M1919 coaxial)
  • Tank destroyer variant (2 x ZT3 Ingwe ATGM launchers, 7.62 mm Browning M1919 coaxial, can also be fitted with a 120 mm gun)

Originally 264 were ordered, of which 22 pre-production vehicles have been delivered from Finland. Due to staff shortages at Denel, there have been numerous delays in completing the project so the order has been revised to only 254 units.

Armoured personnel carrier

Mamba  South Africa Armoured personnel carrier 538 Mine-resistant APC with significant protection against anti-tank mines and small arms fire.

Mamba Mk2 and Mk3 variants are used by the Army with an undisclosed number of Mambas in reserve/storage.

Armament:

  • Mamba Mk2 (M2 Browning .50 Cal MG, 40 mm Denel Y3 Grenade machine gun)
  • Mamba Mk3 (M2 Browning .50 Cal MG, 40 mm Denel Y3 Grenade machine gun)

Around 100 Mamba APCs in reserve were refurbished and brought back into service at the end of 2023 and were assigned to the light modern brigade.

MAX 3  South Africa Armoured personnel carrier 252 An undisclosed number of 4x4 and 6x6 MAX 3s were acquired from South African Defence Contractor SVI Engineering in early 2024 and delivered to the Joint Operations Division of the SANDF.

The Army is currently looking to acquire a mix of 462 different APCs / MRAPs from multiple South African companies in three variants: 210 Section variants, 144 Command variants, and 108 Ambulance variants.

MRAP

Casspir  South Africa Infantry mobility vehicle

MRAP

370+ (Active)

1,800 (Reserve)

Multi-purpose mine-resistant infantry mobility vehicle with significant protection against anti-tank mines and small arms fire.

More than 2,800 Casspirs were manufactured in South Africa in multiple variants, around 600 of these were sold to foreign countries.

The Army uses the Casspir Mk3 variant and has around 370 in its active inventory, a further estimate of 1,800 Casspir Mk2 and Mk3s are in reserve/storage.

Armament:

  • Casspir Mk3 (3 × 7.62 mm MG, M2 Browning .50 cal MG, + optional 40 mm Denel Y3 Grenade machine gun, can also replace the M2 Browning with a 20 mm autocannon)

At the end of 2023 an unspecified number of the Casspirs in reserve were added into the active inventory.

Husky  South Africa Mine Detection Vehicle Unknown A system designed to clear routes of mines, usually they operate in pairs one after the other.

The leading vehicle acts as a Mine Detection Vehicle (MDV) and is designated as "Meerkat".

The second Husky in the system tows a trailer called a "Duisendpoot" and is known as a towing /mine detection vehicle (T/MDV). The latest version of the Husky, the 2G, has high sensitivity low metal content detectors, ground penetrating radar, powerful air blowers and a robotic arm.

Engineering and Logistics vehicles

Name Image Origin Type Quantity Details
Olifant Armour Recovery  South Africa Armoured recovery vehicle 18
Olifant Armour Bridge Layer No image available  South Africa Armoured vehicle-launched bridge 2
Toyota Land Cruiser Utility No image available  Japan

 South Africa

Utility vehicle 435 Used for border patrol. R500 million will be spent in 2024/25 to replace these vehicles with new mine-resistant APCs.
SAMIL 20  South Africa 4×4 logistics truck Several thousands Upgraded Magirus Deutz 130M7FAL 4×4 2-ton (load) truck. The trucks serve as the primary off-road light general purpose truck of the SANDF and comes in several variants, each fulfilling a different role. These include general cargo/fuel/troop transport variants, artillery fire control posts, variants with office and workshop bodies, a battery charger variant, a light recovery variant (designated "Pegasus") and a variant with a Light General Repair(LAD) rear body.
SAMIL 50  South Africa 4×4 military logistics truck Several thousands Upgraded Magirus Deutz 192D12AL 4×4 5-ton (load) truck. Trucks are utilised in different roles as personnel/cargo transporters, field repair and maintenance vehicles, water/fuel transporters, field recovery vehicles (variant designated as "Springbok"), refuse collection trucks, mobile showers, mobile offices, bridge transporters, radio and technical bins and pantry vehicles(with refrigeration capability).
SAMIL 100  South Africa 6×6 military logistics truck Several thousands Upgraded Magirus Deutz 320D22AL 6×6 10-ton (load) truck. Trucks are utilised in different roles as personnel/cargo transporters, water/fuel transporters, field recovery vehicles (variant designated as "Kameel"/Mine protected variant designated as "Withings"), dry canteen vehicles, field repair and maintenance vehicles (designated as "Waterbok"), UAV launchers, UAV recovery vehicles and gun tractors (for towed artillery pieces).
Kynos Aljaba Trucks  South Africa 8×8 heavy military logistics truck 3,200+ The army employs several variants of this vehicle. The "Skimmel" is a heavy recovery vehicle which is fitted with a tow arm, a winch, a crane and various other equipment. The "Zebra" is a maintenance and repair variant of the truck. The "Kameelperd" version carries the Army Air Defence Artillery's ESR220 Thutlwa mobile battery fire control post and early warning radar. The trucks also have tank transport and bridge layer variants.
MAN Trucks  Germany South Africa 8x8 heavy military logistics truck Unknown Primarily utilised as prime movers, firefighting vehicles and low-bed transporters.
Giraffe  Italy 8x8 heavy military logistics truck Unknown Designated as "Giraffe". Used as a cargo/vehicle transporter.
Toyota Dyna

 Japan

Medium-duty truck Unknown Designated as "Wildebees"
Scania transport buses  Sweden Personnel transport bus Unknown These buses are used to ferry personnel to and from bases.
Gecko 8×8 ATV  South Africa
 Canada 		All-terrain utility vehicle 100 Used by the Parachute Regiment and Special Forces.
Various cars and light trucks. No image available  Japan  United Kingdom  United States  South Africa Light armoured utility vehicles Unknown Various civilian utility vehicles are utilized by the army for light transport/patrol purposes (primarily Ford, Toyota and Land Rover vehicles).

Artillery

Name Image Origin Type Quantity Max Range Details

Rocket artillery

Bateleur MRL  South Africa 127mm self-propelled multiple rocket launcher 25 40 km 127mm standard multiple launch rocket system (MLRS) of the South African Army Artillery Formation. 40 launch tubes mounted on an armoured Samil 100 6×6 truck.
Valkiri MRL No image available  South Africa 127mm self-propelled multiple rocket launcher 76 40 km 127mm multiple launch rocket system (MLRS). 24 launch tubes mounted on a Unimog light 4×4 truck.

Self-propelled artillery

G6 Rhino  South Africa 155mm self-propelled howitzer 43 76 km The G6 Rhino also known as "GV6 Renoster" is a South African 155 mm long-range mine-resistant wheeled self-propelled howitzer and is the largest piece of artillery system in the South African Army arsenal; the army originally had 153 in service, but due to the lack of external threats and the end of the Cold War, the government sold 110 units to foreign countries leaving the army with only 43 G6s in service as of 2024.

The G6 Rhino holds the world record of scoring the longest 155 mm artillery shot recorded at 76 kilometres, making it one of the most accurate artillery systems in the world.

Denel was awarded a contract to upgrade the Rhinos to the latest G6-52 standard by 2024.

T5-52  South Africa 155mm self-propelled howitzer 6 (+ option for more) 60+ km The T5-52 is a South African truck-mounted self-propelled howitzer, it is the latest piece of South African Artillery that was launched in 2018.

6 units of T5-52 SPHs were received from Denel as a replacement for the 6 G5 towed howitzers sold to Saudi Arabia.

The Army plans to acquire more T5-52s if funding is adequate.

Towed artillery

G5 Leopard  South Africa 155mm towed howitzer 72 50–60 km The G5 Leopard is a South African long-range 155 mm towed howitzer and is the primary piece of towed artillery in the South African Army.

Small amounts of artillery pieces are used by the School of Artillery to train gun crews from multiple regiments.

Denel was awarded a contract to upgrade the G5 Leopard to the latest G5-52 standard by 2024.

G4 M-71  Israel

 South Africa

155mm towed howitzer 32 30 km Long-range towed 155mm howitzer.

32 units were acquired in the 1980s, these guns were replaced by the G5 Leopard and remaining G4 M-71 howitzers are kept in army reserves.

GV1  United Kingdom 87mm towed howitzer 30 12 km GV1 88mm guns are still maintained in several reserve regiments such as the Cape Field Artillery regiment and the Transvaal Horse Artillery which they fire on ceremonial occasions.

Mortars

M4 Commando Mortar No image available  South Africa 60mm light mortar 2,300+ 2km Uses the M-61 series of bombs in High Explosive, Smoke, Illumination and Practice versions.

In use with the Special Forces and Airborne Infantry. Upgraded in 2016 with improved range and accuracy.

M3/M8 Mortar  South Africa 81 mm medium mortar 1,890 5km Based on the French LLR 81mm mortar.

Locally produced in South Africa as the M3 and M8 mortars (improved versions with heavier barrels compared to the French LLR 81mm).

The mortar is usually operated by a three-man team. It is also often mounted and fired from a armoured vehicle.

Around 1,890 mortars are in service with the South African Army Infantry Formation.

M5 Mortar  Israel 120mm heavy mortar 36 6km 36 mortars are in service with 18 Light Regiment.

Air defence

Name Image Origin Type Quantity Details

Surface-to-air missiles

Umkhonto  South Africa Mobile surface-to-air missile/anti-ballistic missile system 3 batteries (+ more planned) The Umkhonto GBADS vertical launching system is currently in testing for the South African Army’s ground-based air defence system (GBADS) requirement. The Umkhonto GBADS can carry up to eight Umkhonto-R and Umkhonto-IR (Infrared) Mk II missiles.
Starstreak  United Kingdom Manportable/Vehicle mounted surface-to-air missile 178 Eight Lightweight Multiple Launchers (LML), two 20 km-range Thales Page continuous-wave (CW) low-observable battery air defence local warning radars as well as about 100 VSHORAD (very short range air defence) high-velocity missiles were ordered in December 2002 and are in use with 10 Air Defence Artillery Regiment. These missiles have a range of between 5–7 km. Stockholm International Peace Research Institute lists the number of Portable SAMs delivered as 96 for the GBADS phase 1 project with another order for 82

Anti-aircraft guns

Oerlikon GDF (Skyshield)   Switzerland
 Germany 		Radar-guided 35 mm anti-aircraft autocannon 169 169 acquired (along with 75 Super Fledermaus fire control units) These guns were upgraded by Rheinmetall AG in 2017 to use Oerlikon Skyshield fire control systems and Ahead airburst ammunition capable of shooting down modern aerial threats.
ZU-23-2 Zumlac  Soviet Union Twin 23mm anti-aircraft autocannon 36 These guns were captured in the 1980s during the South African Border War and are mounted on armoured SAMIL 100 heavy trucks.

Miscellaneous equipment

Name Image Origin Type Number Details
Seeker 400  South Africa Unmanned aerial vehicle 36 The Seeker 400 is the latest variant of the Seeker UAVs manufactured by South Africa's Denel Dynamics. SANDF Took delivery of the first Seeker 400 in 2015, in 2021 a SANDF Seeker 400 crashed.
ATE Vulture  South Africa Unmanned aerial vehicle 4 Acquired under Project Klooster. The Vulture is used for target acquisition, fall-of-shot detection and fire correction in support of Towed and Self Propelled Gun Howitzer Systems of the SA Army Artillery Formation. It operates without a pilot or a runway and is deployable in 30 minutes in unprepared terrain. The UAV is launched from a catapult on the back of a SAMIL 100 truck. The Vulture is monitored on the ground via the Navigator and Observer screens in a Ground Control Station. A laser system is used for automated approach, an arrestor system for its capture and an inflatable airbag for its recovery.
ESR220 Thutlwa  South Africa Mobile battery fire control post and early warning radar 4 Designated as "Kameelperd". The system uses an L-band 2D surveillance radar to provide early warning to air defence artillery troops in the field. This fully autonomous armoured system (with self-contained power plant)is transported by a Spanish-designed Kynos Aljaba 8×8 (“Skimmel” in SANDF service) truck. It is capable of tracking aircraft in a 120 km radius and can be fully operational within 10 minutes of arrival at the deployment site. The system also provides for a combined air picture derived from primary radar(through utilisation of Link-ZA, the SANDF's data link system), as well as a command and control system for effective air defence control.
Thales Squire radar system  France Battlefield surveillance radar 14 Acquired in 2012 under Project Cytoon. The radars are designed to plot a pedestrian at 10 km, a vehicle at 21 km, a tank at 28 km, a helicopter at 21 km, a boat at 12 km and a ship at 48 km. The radar system uses a frequency modulated continuous wave Doppler radar and is designed to be virtually undetectable by enemy electronic warfare equipment. All systems are in service with the SA Army Tactical Intelligence Corps.
Thales Sophie man-portable system  France Thermal imager 65 Acquired in 2012 under Project Cytoon. The Thales Sophie can spot humans at over 4 km, tanks at 10 km, helicopters at 12 km and jet fighters at 16 km. All systems are in service with the SA Army Tactical Intelligence Corps.
LOCATS No image available  South Africa Low cost aerial target systems Unknown The LOCATS is an unmanned aerial target used to train Air Defence Artillery crews in gunnery. It is launched from a ramp fitted on the back of a flatbed truck and is recovered by parachute.

Historical equipment

Name Image Origin Type Number Details
Vehicles
Buffel  South Africa Infantry mobility vehicle, MRAP 2,400 2,985 Buffels were built, after the South African Border War around 2,400 remained in service and were soon replaced by the new Mamba mine-protected armoured personnel carriers and the excess Buffels were put on sale.
Eland  South Africa Armoured reconnaissance vehicle 1,268 Armoured car based on the Panhard AML. 1,600 were built, after the South African Border War 1,268 Eland-60s and Eland-90s remained in service and were soon replaced by the Rooikat tank destroyers and Ratel infantry fighting vehicles and excess Elands were put on sale.

See also

References

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Armoured fighting vehicles of South Africa
Armoured cars
Infantry Fighting Vehicles
Mine-Resistant Ambush Protected (MRAP)
Artillery, transport and combat engineering
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