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List of executive actions by Gerald Ford

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There are various kinds of executive actions that United States presidents may take.

Executive orders are issued to help officers and agencies of the executive branch manage the operations within the federal government itself. Presidential memoranda are closely related, and have the force of law on the Executive Branch, but are generally considered less prestigious. Presidential memoranda do not have an established process for issuance, and unlike executive orders, they are not numbered. A presidential determination is a determination resulting in an official policy or position of the executive branch of the United States government. A presidential proclamation is a statement issued by a president on a matter of public policy issued under specific authority granted to the president by Congress and typically on a matter of widespread interest. Administrative orders are signed documents such as notices, letters, and orders that can be issued to conduct administrative operations of the federal government. A presidential notice or a presidential sequestration order can also be issued. National security directives operate like executive orders, but are only in the area of national security. They have been issued by different presidents under various names.

Listed below are executive orders numbered 11798–11966 signed by United States President Gerald Ford (1974–1977). He issued 169 executive orders. His executive orders are also listed on Wikisource, along with his presidential proclamations.

Signature of Gerald Ford

Executive orders

1974

Relative No. Absolute No. Title/Description Date signed
1 11798 Revoking Executive Order No. 11796 of July 30, 1974, and Continuing in effect Executive Order No. 11533 of June 4, 1970, relating to the administration of Export Controls August 14, 1974
2 11799 Amending Executive Order No. 11554 as it relates to the establishment of a maximum percentage of Navy and Marine Corps officers who may be recommended for promotion from below the appropriate promotion zone August 17, 1974
3 11800 Delegating certain authority vested in the President by the Aviation Career Incentive Act of 1974 August 17, 1974
4 11801 The Honorable Rodger P. Davies August 21, 1974
5 11802 General Creighton W. Abrams, Chief of Staff, United States Army September 4, 1974
6 11803 Establishing a Clemency Board to review certain convictions of persons under section 12 or 6 (j) of the Military Selective Service Act and certain discharges issued because of, and certain convictions for, violations of Article 85, 86, or 87 of the Uniform Code of Military Justice and to make recommendations for executive clemency with respect thereto September 16, 1974
7 11804 Delegation of certain functions vested in the President to the Director of Selective Service September 16, 1974
8 11805 Inspection by President and certain designated employees of the White House Office of Tax Returns made under the Internal Revenue Code of 1954 September 20, 1974
9 11806 Amending Executive Order No. 11763 of January 17, 1974, to extend the life of the National Commission for the Observance of World Population Year September 25, 1974
10 11807 Occupational safety and health programs for Federal employees September 28, 1974
11 11808 Establishing the President's Economic Policy Board, and for other purposes September 30, 1974
12 11809 Establishing the President's Labor-Management Committee September 30, 1974
13 11810 Continuing the regulation of exports September 30, 1974
14 11811 Adjusting rates of pay for certain statutory pay systems October 7, 1974
15 11812 Adjusting the rates of basic pay, basic allowance for subsistence and basic allowance for quarters for members of the Uniformed Services October 7, 1974
16 11813 Permitting cooperative education students to be given career or career-conditional appointments October 7, 1974
17 11814 Activation of the Energy Resources Council October 11, 1974
18 11815 Delegating to the National Capital Planning Commission the function of establishing the metes and bounds of the National Capital Service Area October 23, 1974
19 11816 Delegation of certain reporting functions under the Foreign Assistance Act to the Secretary of the Treasury October 23, 1974
20 11817 Delegating the United States Civil Service Commission as the agent to concur with agency determinations fixing the age limits within which original appointments may be made with respect to law enforcement officer and firefighters positions November 5, 1974
21 11818 Revoking Executive Order No. 11810 of September 30, 1974, and continuing in effect Executive Order No. 11533 of June 4, 1970, relating to the administration of export control November 5, 1974
22 11819 Membership of the Energy Resources Council November 16, 1974
23 11820 International Council on Archives-Bicentennial Year Meeting November 27, 1974
24 11821 Inflation impact statements November 27, 1974
25 11822 Designation of certain officers to act as Secretary of the Treasury December 10, 1974
26 11823 Abolishing the National Commission for Industrial Peace December 12, 1974
27 11824 Exemption of Whitney Gillilland from mandatory retirement December 28, 1974
28 11825 Revocation of Executive orders pertaining to the regulation of the acquisition of, holding of, or other transactions in gold December 31, 1974
29 11826 Exemption of Willard Deason from mandatory retirement December 31, 1974

1975

Relative No. Absolute No. Title/Description Date signed
30 11827 Continuance of certain Federal advisory committees January 4, 1975
31 11828 Establishing a commission on CIA activities within the United States January 4, 1975
32 11829 The Hopi-Navajo Land Settlement Interagency Committee January 6, 1975
33 11830 Enlarging the membership of the Interagency Committee on Handicapped Employees January 9, 1975
34 11831 Amending Executive Order No. 11768, placing certain positions in levels IV and V of the Executive Schedule January 9, 1975
35 11832 Establishing a National Commission on the Observance of International Women's Year, 1975 January 9, 1975
36 11833 Withholding of city income or employment taxes by Federal agencies January 13, 1975
37 11834 Activation of the Energy Research and Development Administration and the Nuclear Regulatory Commission January 15, 1975
38 11835 Prescribing amendments to the Manual for Courts-Martial, United States, 1969 (revised edition) January 27, 1975
39 11836 Increasing the effectiveness of the Transportation Cargo Security Program January 27, 1975
40 11837 Amending Executive Order No. 11803 of September 16, 1974, to extend the period for application for Clemency Board review of certain convictions and military service discharges January 30, 1975
41 11838 Amending Executive Order No. 11491, as amended by Executive Orders 11616 and 11636, relating to labor-management relations in the Federal service February 6, 1975
42 11839 Amending the civil service rules to except certain positions in regional offices from the career service February 15, 1975
43 11840 Waiver of certain provisions of law and limitations of authority February 18, 1975
44 11841 Amending Executive Order No. 10973, relating to administration of foreign assistance and related functions, to provide for a Development Coordination Committee February 28, 1975
45 11842 Amending Executive Order Nos. 11803 and 11837 to further extend the period for application for Clemency Board review of certain convictions and military service discharges February 28, 1975
46 11843 Amending Executive Order No. 11768, placing certain positions in levels IV and V of the Executive Schedule March 18, 1975
47 11844 Designation of beneficiary developing countries for the Generalized System of Preferences under the Trade Act of 1974 March 24, 1975
48 11845 Delegating certain reporting functions to the Director of the Office of Management and Budget March 24, 1975
49 11846 Administration of the Trade Agreements Program March 27, 1975
50 11847 Exemption of Walter C. Sauer from mandatory retirement March 28, 1975
51 11848 Extending the reporting date for the Commission on CIA Activities Within the United States March 29, 1975
52 11849 Establishing the Collective Bargaining Committee in Construction April 1, 1975
53 11850 Renunciation of certain uses in war of chemical herbicides and riot control agents April 8, 1975
54 11851 Delegation of authority to issue regulations limiting imports of certain cheeses April 10, 1975
55 11852 Creating an emergency board to investigate a dispute between the carriers represented by the National Railway Labor Conference and certain of their employees April 16, 1975
56 11853 Amending Executive Order No. 11829, relating to the Hopi-Navajo Land Settlement Interagency Committee April 17, 1975
57 11854 Waiver under the Trade Act of 1974 with respect to the Socialist Republic of Romania April 24, 1975
58 11855 Membership of the Energy Resources Council May 1, 1975
59 11856 Amending the Civil Service Rules to except certain positions from the career service May 7, 1975
60 11857 Amending Executive Order Nos. 11803, 11837, and 11842 to provide authority to increase the number of members of the Presidential Clemency Board May 7, 1975
61 11858 Foreign investment in the United States May 7, 1975
62 11859 Inspection of income, estate, and gift tax returns by the Senate Committee on Government Operations May 7, 1975
63 11860 Establishing the President's Advisory Committee on Refugees May 19, 1975
64 11861 Placing certain positions in levels IV and V of the Executive Schedule May 21, 1975
65 11862 Amending Executive Order No. 11652 relating to classification and declassification of national security information June 11, 1975
66 11863 Withholding of city income or employment taxes by Federal agencies June 12, 1975
67 11864 Amending Executive Order No. 11861, placing certain positions in levels IV and V of the Executive Schedule June 13, 1975
68 11865 Amending Executive Order No. 11808 of September 30, 1974 to increase the membership of the Executive Committee of the Economic Policy Board June 16, 1975
69 11866 Designating the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) as a public international organization entitled to enjoy certain privileges, exemptions, and immunities June 18, 1975
70 11867 Delegating to the Administrator of General Services authority to issue joint funding regulations June 19, 1975
71 11868 President's Commission on Olympic Sports June 19, 1975
72 11869 Exemption of Arthur S. Flemming from mandatory retirement June 24, 1975
73 11870 Environmental safeguards on activities for animal damage control on Federal lands July 18, 1975
74 11871 Transferring the SCORE and ACE programs from the ACTION Agency to the Small Business Administration July 18, 1975
75 11872 Amending Executive Order No. 11861, placing certain positions in levels IV and V of the Executive Schedule July 21, 1975
76 11873 Amending Executive Order No. 11868, on the President's Commission on Olympic Sports July 21, 1975
77 11874 Delegation of functions to the Director of the Office of Management and Budget July 25, 1975
78 11875 Delegating certain functions to the Secretary of Transportation August 9, 1975
79 11876 Creating an emergency board to investigate a dispute between the carriers represented by the National Railway Labor Conference and certain of their employees September 2, 1975
80 11877 Amending Executive Order No. 11861, as amended, placing certain positions in levels IV and V of the Executive Schedule September 2, 1975
81 11878 Assigning responsibilities relating to activities of the Presidential Clemency Board September 10, 1975
82 11879 Delegating to the Secretary of Commerce functions relating to orders for the provision of chemicals or substances for treatment of water September 17, 1975
83 11880 Designation of officers of the Department of Commerce to act as Secretary of Commerce October 2, 1975
84 11881 Delegation of authority to issue regulations with respect to section 459 of the Social Security Act October 3, 1975
85 11882 Membership of Energy Research and Development Administration on Established River Basin Commissions October 6, 1975
86 11883 Adjustments of certain rates of pay and allowances October 6, 1975
87 11884 Prescribing the official coat of arms, seal, and flag of the Vice President of the United States October 7, 1975
88 11885 Amending Executive Order No. 11861, as amended, placing certain positions in levels IV and V of the Executive Schedule October 15, 1975
89 11886 Abolishing the Culebra Island naval defensive sea area established by Executive Order No. 8684 October 17, 1975
90 11887 Amending the civil service rules to except certain positions from the career service November 4, 1975
91 11888 Implementing the Generalized System of Preferences November 24, 1975
92 11889 Amending Executive Order No. 11832 of January 9, 1975, to extend the existence of the National Commission on the Observance of International Women's Year, 1975 November 25, 1975
93 11890 Amending Executive Order No. 10422, as amended, prescribing procedures for making available to the Secretary General of the United Nations certain information concerning United States citizens employed or being considered for employment on the Secretariat of the United Nations December 10, 1975
94 11891 Providing for the closing of Government departments and agencies on Friday, December 26, 1975 December 15, 1975
95 11892 Amending Executive Order No. 11746 relating to Federal Regional Councils December 31, 1975
96 11893 Transferring certain functions from the General Services Administration to the Office of Management and Budget December 31, 1975

1976

Relative No. Absolute No. Title/Description Date signed
97 11894 Adding to the membership of the East-West Foreign Trade Board January 3, 1976
98 11895 Delegating authority of the President to designate individuals appointed by the President to receive training January 5, 1976
99 11896 Establishing the United States Sinai Support Mission January 13, 1976
100 11897 Amending Executive Order No. 11157 as it relates to special pay while on sea duty or duty at certain places January 13, 1976
101 11898 Amending Executive Order No. 11861, as amended, placing certain positions in levels IV and V of the Executive Schedule January 14, 1976
102 11899 Providing for the protection of certain civil service employment rights of Federal personnel who leave Federal employment to be employed by tribal organizations pursuant to the Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act January 22, 1976
103 11900 Inspection of income, estate and gift tax returns by the Committee on Government Operations, House of Representatives January 22, 1976
104 11901 Amending Executive Order No. 11491, as amended by Executive Orders 11616, 11636, and 11838 relating to labor-management relations in the Federal service January 30, 1976
105 11902 Procedures for an export licensing policy as to nuclear materials and equipment February 2, 1976
106 11903 Membership of the Economic Policy Board February 2, 1976
107 11904 Establishing the Defense Superior Service Medal February 6, 1976
108 11905 United States foreign intelligence activities February 18, 1976
109 11906 Amending the Generalized System of Preferences February 26, 1976
110 11907 Relating to the administration of the Export Administration Act of 1969 March 1, 1976
111 11908 Amending Executive Order No. 11861, as amended, placing certain positions in levels IV and V of the Executive Schedule March 18, 1976
112 11909 Exemption of Walter C. Sauer from mandatory retirement March 31, 1976
113 11910 Delegating legal services functions pursuant to the Disaster Relief Act of 1974 April 13, 1976
114 11911 Preservation of endangered species April 13, 1976
115 11912 Delegation of authorities relating to energy policy and conservation April 13, 1976
116 11913 Collection of information for import relief and adjustment assistance April 26, 1976
117 11914 Nondiscrimination with respect to the handicapped in Federally assisted programs April 28, 1976
118 11915 Abolishing the Energy Research and Development Advisory Council May 10, 1976
119 11916 Amending Executive Order No. 11649, regulations governing the seals of the President and the Vice President of the United States May 28, 1976
120 11917 Amending Executive Order No. 11643 of February 8, 1972, relating to environmental safeguards on activities for animal damage control on Federal lands May 28, 1976
121 11918 Compensation for damages involving nuclear reactors of United States warships June 1, 1976
122 11919 Delegating authority of the President to concur in designations of Commissioners, United States Parole Commission June 9, 1976
123 11920 Establishing executive branch procedures solely for the purpose of facilitating Presidential review of decisions submitted to the President by the Civil Aeronautics Board June 10, 1976
124 11921 Adjusting emergency preparedness assignments to organizational and functional changes in Federal departments and agencies June 11, 1976
125 11922 Amending Executive Order No. 11077 of January 22, 1963, entitled "Administration of the Migration and Refugee Assistance Act of 1962" June 16, 1976
126 11923 The Honorable Francis E. Meloy, Jr. and Robert O. Waring June 17, 1976
127 11924 Exemption of Arthur S. Flemming from mandatory retirement June 29, 1976
128 11925 Promotion of Navy and Marine Corps Officers from below the appropriate promotion zone June 29, 1976
129 11926 The Vice Presidential Service Badge July 19, 1976
130 11927 Amending Executive Order No. 11861, as amended, placing certain positions in levels IV and V of the Executive Schedule July 22, 1976
131 11928 Exemption of Harold Council from mandatory retirement July 26, 1976
132 11929 Incentive pay for enlisted members of the Uniformed Services who are involuntarily removed from aerial flight duties July 26, 1976
133 11930 Performance by the Federal Energy Office of energy functions of the Federal Energy Administration July 30, 1976
134 11931 Extending diplomatic privileges and immunities to Permanent Observers to the Organization of American States and to members of their diplomatic staffs August 3, 1976
135 11932 Classification of certain information and material obtained from advisory bodies created to implement the international energy program August 4, 1976
136 11933 Termination of the Federal Energy Office August 25, 1976
137 11934 Amending the Generalized System of Preferences August 30, 1976
138 11935 Citizenship requirements for Federal employment September 2, 1976
139 11936 The President's Commission on Olympic Sports September 8, 1976
140 11937 Relating to appointments to the Quetico-Superior Committee September 10, 1976
141 11938 Relating to adjustment of cost of living allowances and post deferentials September 29, 1976
142 11939 Basic allowances for quarters September 30, 1976
143 11940 Continuing the regulation of exports September 30, 1976
144 11941 Adjustments of certain rates of pay and allowances October 1, 1976
145 11942 Exemption of Ashton C. Barrett from mandatory retirement October 22, 1976
146 11943 Amendment of adjustments of certain rates of pay and allowances October 25, 1976
147 11944 Authorizing delegation of authority to the Secretary of the Treasury with respect to the Northern Mariana Islands October 25, 1976
148 11945 Physical fitness and sports October 25, 1976
149 11946 White House fellowships October 25, 1976
150 11947 Reports and investigations relating to the administration of the Trade Agreements Program November 8, 1976
151 11948 Continuance of certain Federal advisory committees December 20, 1976
152 11949 Economic impact statements December 31, 1976

1977

Relative No. Absolute No. Title/Description Date signed
153 11950 Conforming the Central Intelligence Agency and Civil Service Retirement and Disability Systems with respect to cost of living adjustments January 6, 1977
154 11951 Relating to the Arrangement Regarding International Trade in Textiles January 6, 1977
155 11952 Conforming the Foreign Service and Civil Service Retirement and Disability Systems January 7, 1977
156 11953 Assigning emergency preparedness functions to the Energy Research and Development Administration and Nuclear Regulatory Commission January 7, 1977
157 11954 Federal property review January 7, 1977
158 11955 Permitting certain qualified employees of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration to be given career or career-conditional appointments January 10, 1977
159 11956 Relating to voluntary agreements January 13, 1977
160 11957 Designation of certain officers to act as Secretary of Agriculture January 13, 1977
161 11958 Administration of arms export controls January 18, 1977
162 11959 Administration of foreign assistance and related functions January 18, 1977
163 11960 Amending the Generalized System of Preferences January 19, 1977
164 11961 Administration of the International Investment Survey Act of 1976 January 19, 1977
165 11962 Establishing the President's Advisory Board on International Investment January 19, 1977
166 11963 Delegating reporting functions under the Agricultural Trade Development and Assistance Act of 1954, as amended January 19, 1977
167 11964 Implementation of the Convention on the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea, 1972 January 19, 1977
168 11965 Establishing the Humanitarian Service Medal January 19, 1977
169 11966 Designating certain public international organizations entitled to enjoy certain privileges, exemptions, and immunities January 19, 1977

See also

References

  1. Schmidt, Steffen W.; Shelley, Mack C.; Bardes, Barbara A.; Ford, Lynne E. (2013). American Government and Politics Today, 2013-2014. American and Texas Government (16th ed.). Belmont, California: Wadsworth Publishing Company, Inc. ISBN 978-1133602132.
  2. Office of the Press Secretary (January 4, 1996). "Suspending Restrictions on U.S. Relations with the Palestine Liberation Organization". Yale Law School. Yale University. White House. Retrieved February 23, 2017.
  3. Hartman, Gary R. (2004). Landmark Supreme Court cases : the most influential decisions of the Supreme Court of the United States. New York: Facts on File. p. 545. ISBN 9781438110363.
  4. Relyea, Harold C. (November 26, 2008). "Presidential Directives: Background and Overview" (PDF). Congressional Research Service. Washington, D.C.: United States Congress. p. 4. Order Code 98-611 GOV. Retrieved October 8, 2017.
  5. "Presidential Documents Guide". National Archives and Records Administration. Washington, D.C.: United States Government. August 15, 2016. Retrieved October 8, 2017.
  6. Relyea, Harold C. (February 10, 2003). "Presidential Directives: Background and Overview" (PDF). Congressional Research Service. Washington, D.C.: Library of Congress. Retrieved March 24, 2017.
  7. Johnson, Paul M. "Sequestration". Department of Political Science. Auburn, Alabama: Auburn University. Retrieved May 29, 2017.
  8. Korte, Gregory (October 12, 2017). "The executive action toolbox: How presidents use proclamations, executive orders and memoranda". USA Today. McLean, Virginia: Gannett Company. Retrieved November 7, 2017.
  9. "Executive Orders". presidency.ucsb.edu. July 20, 2024. Retrieved July 28, 2024.
  10. "1974 Gerald Ford Executive Orders". Federal Register. Retrieved July 15, 2024.
  11. "1975 Gerald Ford Executive Orders". Federal Register. Retrieved July 15, 2024.
  12. "1976 Gerald Ford Executive Orders". Federal Register. Retrieved July 15, 2024.
  13. "1977 Gerald Ford Executive Orders". Federal Register. Retrieved July 15, 2024.

Notes

  1. National Security and Homeland Security Presidential Directives address continuity of government in the event of a "catastrophic emergency" disrupting the U.S. population, economy, environment, infrastructure and government policy.
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