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The islands of São Tomé and Príncipe were discovered and claimed by Portugal in the 1470s. A Portuguese colony was established in 1485. Each island was governed as a separate entity until 1753, when they were united as a single crown colony. In 1951, the islands became an overseas province of Portugal. Autonomy was granted in 1974 and independence was granted on 12 July 1975.

São Tomé

(Dates in italics indicate de facto continuation of office)

Tenure	Portrait	Incumbent	Notes
Portuguese Colony (1485–1522)
24 September 1485 to 3 February 1490		João de Paiva, Captain
3 February 1490 to 29 July 1493		João Pereira, Captain
29 July 1493 to 28 April 1499		Álvaro Caminha, Captain
11 December 1499 to c. 1510		Fernão de Melo, Captain
c. 1510 to c. 1516		..., Captain
c. 1516 to c. 1517		Diogo de Alcáçova, Captain
c. 1517 to 1522		João de Melo, Captain
Portuguese Crown Colony (1522–1641)
1522 to 15..		Vasco Estevens, Captain
15.. to 1531		..., Captain
1531 to c. 1535		Henrique Pereira, Captain
c. 1535 to 1541		Gonçalo Álvares, Governor
1541 to 1545		Diogo Botelho Pereira, Captain
1546 to c. 1554		Francisco de Barros de Paiva, Captain
c. 1558 to 15..		Pedro Botelho, Captain
15.. to 1560		Ana Chaves, Administrator	♀; 1st term
1560 to 1564		Cristóvão Dória de Sousa, Captain
1564 to 1569		Francisco de Gouveia, Captain
1569 to 1571		Francisco de Pavia Teles, Captain
1571 to 1575		Diogo Salema, Captain
1575 to c. 1582		António Monteiro Maciel, Captain
c. 1582 to c. 1584		Ana Chaves, Administrator	♀; 2nd term
c. 1584 to 1586		Francisco Fernandes de Figueiredo, Captain
1586 to 1587		Francisco Fernandes de Figueiredo, Governor
1587 to 1591		Miguel Teles de Moura, Governor
1591 to 1592		Duarte Peixoto da Silva, Governor
1592 to 1593		Francisco de Vila Nova, acting Governor
1593 to 1597		Fernandes de Meneses, Governor
1597 to c. 1598		Vasco de Carvalho, Governor
c. 1598 to 1601		João Barbosa da Cunha, acting Governor
1601 to 1604		António Maciel Monteiro, acting Governor
1604 to 160.		Pedro de Andrade, Governor
160. to 1609		João Barbosa da Cunha, acting Governor
1609		Fernando de Noronha, Governor
1609 to 1611		Constantino Tavares, Governor
1611		João Barbosa da Cunha, acting Governor
1611		Francisco Teles de Meneses, Governor
1611 to 1613		Luís Dias de Abreu, Governor
1613 to 1614		Feliciano Carvalho, Governor
1614 to 1616		Luís Dias de Abreu, Governor
1616 to 1620		Miguel Correia Baharem, Governor
1620 to 1621		Pedro da Cunha, Governor
1621 to 1623		Félix Pereira, Governor
1623 to 1627		Jerónimo de Melo Fernando, Governor
1627 to 1628		André Gonçalves Maracote, Governor
1628 to 1632		Lourenço Pires de Távora, acting Governor	1st term
1632		Francisco Barreto de Meneses, Governor
1632 to 1636		Lourenço Pires de Távora, acting Governor	2nd term
1636		António de Carvalho, Governor
1636 to 1640		Lourenço Pires de Távora, acting Governor	3rd term
1640		Manuel Quaresma Carneiro, Governor
1640 to 1641		Miguel Pereira de Melo e Albuquerque, acting Governor
Dutch occupation
3 October 1641 to 1648		..., Commander
Portuguese Crown Colony (1648–1709)
1641 to 1642		Paulo da Ponte, acting Governor
1642 to c. 1650		Lourenço Pires de Távora, Governor	4th term
c. 1650 to 1656		..., Governor
1656 to c. 1657		Cristóvão de Barros do Rêgo, Governor
c. 1657 to c. 1661		..., Governor
c. 1661 to 166.		Pedro da Silva, Governor
166. to 1669		..., Governor
1669 to 1671		Paulo Ferreira de Noronha, Governor
1671 to 1673	Chamber Senate
1673 to 1677		Julião de Campos Barreto, Governor
1677 to 1680		Bernardim Freire de Andrade, Governor
1680 to 1683		Jacinto de Figueiredo e Abreu, Governor
1683 to 1686		João Álvares da Cunha, acting Governor
1686		António Pereira de Brito Lemos, Governor
1686 to 1689		Bento de Sousa Lima, Governor
1689 to 1693		António Pereira de Lacerda, Governor
1693 to 1694		António de Barredo, Governor
1695 to 1696		José Pereira Sodré, Governor
1696 to 1697		João da Costa Matos, Governor
1697 to 1702		Manuel António Pinheiro da Câmara, Governor
1702 to 1709		José Correia de Castro, Governor
1709		Vicente Dinis Pinheiro, Governor
French occupation
1709 to 1715	Junta
Portuguese Crown Colony (1715–1753)
1715 to 1716		Bartolomeu da Costa Ponte, Governor
1716 to 1717	Chamber Senate
1717 to 1720		António Furtado Mendonça, Governor
1720 to 1722	Junta
1722 to 1727		José Pinheiro da Câmara, Governor
1727 to 1734		Serafim Teixeira Sarmento, Governor
1734 to 1736		Lopo de Sousa Coutinho, Governor
1736 to 1741		José Caetano Soto Maior, Governor
1741		António Ferrão de Castelo Branco, Governor
1741 to 1744	Chamber Senate
1744		Francisco Luís da Conceição, Governor
1744 to 1745		Francisco de Alva Brandão, acting Governor
1747 to 1748		Francisco Luís das Chagas, Governor
1748 to 1751	Chamber Senate
1751		António Rodrigues Neves, Governor
1751 to 1753	Chamber Senate

Príncipe

(Dates in italics indicate de facto continuation of office)

São Tomé and Príncipe

(Dates in italics indicate de facto continuation of office)

Tenure	Portrait	Incumbent	Notes
Portuguese Crown Colony (1753–1951)
1753 to 1755	Chamber Senate
1755		Lopo de Sousa Coutinho, Governor
1755 to 1758	Chamber Senate
1758 to 1761		Luís Henrique da Mota e Mele, Governor
1758 to 1767	Chamber Senate
1767 to 1768		Lourenço Lôbo de Almeida Palha, Governor
1768 to 1770	Chamber Senate
1770 to 1778		Vicente Gomes Ferreira, Governor
1778 to 1782		João Manuel de Azambuja, Governor
1782 to 1788		Cristóvão Xavier de Sá, Governor
1788 to 1797		João Resende Tavares Leote, Governor
1797		Inácio Francisco de Nóbrega Sousa Coutinho, Governor
1797		Manuel Monteiro de Carvalho, acting Governor
1797 to 1798		Varela Borca, Governor
1798 to 1799		Manuel Francisco Joaquim da Mota, Governor
1799		Francisco Rafael de Castelo de Vide, Governor
1799 to 1802		João Baptista de Silva, Governor
1802 to 1805		Gabriel António Franco de Castro, Governor
1805 to 1817		Luís Joaquim Lisboa, Governor
1817 to 1824		Filipe de Freitas, Governor
1824 to 1830		João Maria Xavier de Brito, Governor
1830 to 1834		Joaquim Bento da Fonseca, Governor
1834 to 1836	Provisional government
1836 to 1837		Fernando Correia Henriques de Noronha, acting Governor
1837 to 1838		Leandro José da Costa, Governor	1st term
1838 to 1839		José Joaquim de Urbanski, Governor
1839 to 1843		Bernardo José de Sousa Soares de Andréa, Governor
5 February 1843 to 2 March 1843		Leandro José da Costa, Governor	2nd term
2 March 1843 to 1 May 1846		José Maria Marquês, Governor	1st term
1 May 1846 to 30 September 1847	Chamber Senate
30 September 1847 to 20 November 1847		Carlos Augusto de Morais e Almeida, Governor
20 November 1847 to 20 July 1848	Chamber Senate
20 July 1848 to 30 June 1849		José Caetano René Vimont Pessoa, Governor
12 December 1849 to 9 March 1851		Leandro José da Costa, Governor	3rd term
9 March 1851 to 20 March 1853		José Maria Marquês, Governor	2nd term
20 March 1853 to 28 July 1855		Francisco José da Pina Rolo, Governor
28 July 1855 to 21 March 1857		Adriano Maria Passaláqua, Governor
21 March 1857 to 15 January 1858	Chamber Senate
15 January 1858 to 29 May 1858		Francisco António Correia, Governor
29 May 1858 to 1859	Chamber Senate
1859 to 21 November 1860		Luís José Pereira e Horta, Governor
21 November 1860 to 8 July 1862		José Pedro de Melo, Governor
8 July 1862 to 17 November 1862	Chamber Senate
17 November 1862 to 30 March 1863		José Eduardo da Costa Moura, Governor
30 March 1863 to 8 January 1864		João Baptista Brunachy, Governor	1st term
8 January 1864 to 2 August 1865		Estanislau Xavier de Assunção e Almeida, Governor	1st term
2 August 1865 to 30 July 1867		João Baptista Brunachy, Governor	2nd term
30 July 1867 to 30 September 1867		António Joaquim da Fonseca, Governor
30 September 1867 to 30 May 1869		Estanislau Xavier de Assunção e Almeida, Governor	2nd term
30 May 1869 to 7 October 1872		Pedro Carlos de Aguiar Craveiro Lopes, Governor
7 October 1872 to July 1873		João Clímaco de Carvalho, Governor
28 October 1873 to 1 November 1876		Gregório José Ribeiro, Governor
1 November 1876 to 28 September 1879		Estanislau Xavier de Assunção e Almeida, Governor	3rd term
28 September 1879 to 28 November 1879		Francisco Ferreira do Amaral, Governor
28 November 1879 to 3 January 1880		Custódio Miguel de Borja, acting Governor	1st term
3 January 1880 to 30 December 1881		Vicente Pinheiro Lôbo Machado de Melo e Almada, Governor
30 December 1881 to 26 January 1882		Augusto Maria Leão, acting Governor
26 January 1882 to 24 May 1884		Francisco Teixeira da Silva, Governor
24 May 1884 to 25 August 1886		Custódio Miguel de Borja, Governor	2nd term
25 August 1886 to 9 March 1890		Augusto César Rodrigues Sarmento, Governor
9 March 1890 to 26 June 1891		Firmino José da Costa, Governor
26 June 1891 to 8 December 1894		Francisco Eugénio Pereira de Miranda, Governor
8 December 1894 to 8 April 1895		Jaime Lobo Brito Godins, acting Governor
8 April 1895 to 5 April 1897		Cipriano Leite Pereira Jardim, Governor
5 April 1897 to 5 April 1899		Joaquim da Graça Correia e Lança, Governor
5 April 1899 to 3 January 1901		Amâncio de Alpoim Cerqueira Borges Cabral, Governor
3 January 1901 to 8 May 1901		Francisco Maria Peixoto Vieira, acting Governor
8 May 1901 to 8 October 1902		Joaquim Xavier de Brito, Governor
8 October 1902 to 7 June 1903		João Abel Antunes Mesquita Guimarães, Governor
7 June 1903 to 14 December 1903		João Gregório Duarte Ferreira, acting Governor	1st term
14 December 1903 to 13 April 1907		Francisco de Paula Cid, Governor
13 April 1907 to 24 June 1907		Vítor Augusto Chaves Lemos e Melo, acting Governor	1st term
24 June 1907 to 24 October 1908		Pedro Berquó, Governor
24 October 1908 to 13 March 1909		Vítor Augusto Chaves Lemos e Melo, acting Governor	2nd term
13 March 1909 to 13 June 1910		José Augusto Vieira da Fonseca, Governor
13 June 1910 to 7 August 1910		Jaime Daniel Leote do Rego, Governor	1st term
7 August 1910 to 11 November 1910		Fernando Augusto de Carvalho, Governor
12 November 1910 to 28 November 1910		Carlos de Mendonça Pimentel e Melo, acting Governor
28 November 1910 to 14 June 1911		António Pinto Miranda Guedes, Governor
14 June 1911 to 24 December 1911		Jaime Daniel Leote do Rego, Governor	2nd term
24 December 1911 to 13 May 1913		Mariano Martins, Governor
13 May 1913 to 31 May 1915		Pedro do Amaral Boto Machado, Governor
31 May 1915 to 6 June 1915		José Dionísio Carneiro de Sousa e Faro, Governor
6 June 1915 to 28 July 1918		Rafael dos Santos Oliveira, acting Governor
28 July 1918 to 11 June 1919		João Gregório Duarte Ferreira, Governor	2nd term
11 June 1919 to 25 September 1920		Avelino Augusto de Oliveira Leite, Governor
25 September 1920 to 22 October 1920		José Augusto de Conceição Alves Vélez, acting Governor
22 October 1920 to 2 July 1921		Eduardo Nogueira de Lemos, acting Governor
2 July 1921 to 23 January 1924		António José Pereira, Governor
23 January 1924 to 8 July 1926		Eugénio de Barros Soares Branco, Governor
8 July 1926 to 31 August 1928		José Duarte Junqueira Rato, Governor
31 August 1928 to 30 January 1929		Sebastião José Barbosa, acting Governor
30 January 1929 to 31 August 1929		Francisco Penteado, Governor
31 August 1929 to 17 December 1933		Luís Augusto Vieira Fernandes, Governor
17 December 1933 to 8 May 1941		Ricardo Vaz Monteiro, Governor
8 May 1941 to 5 April 1945		Amadeu Gomes de Figueiredo, Governor
5 April 1945 to July 1948		Carlos de Sousa Gorgulho, Governor
July 1948 to 8 October 1950		Afonso Manuel Machado de Sousa, acting Governor
8 October 1950 to 11 June 1951		Mário José Cabral Oliveira Castro, acting Governor
Overseas Province of Portugal (1951–1974)
11 June 1951 to 28 June 1952		Mário José Cabral Oliveira Castro, acting Governor
28 June 1952 to 18 April 1953		Guilherme António Amaral Abranches Pinto, acting Governor	Served at the time of the Batepá massacre
18 April 1953 to 19 May 1953		Fernando Augusto Rodrigues, acting Governor
19 May 1953 to July 1953		Afonso Manuel Machado de Sousa, acting Governor
July 1953 to August 1954		Francisco António Pires Barata, Governor
August 1954 to 15 June 1955		Luís da Câmara Leme Faria, acting Governor
15 June 1955 to 5 December 1956		José Machado, acting Governor
5 December 1956 to 13 October 1957		Octávio Ferreira Gonçalves, acting Governor
13 October 1957 to August 1963		Manuel Marques de Abrantes Amaral, Governor
August 1963 to 30 October 1963		Alberto Monteiro de Sousa Campos, acting Governor
30 October 1963 to 1972		António Jorge da Silva Sebastião, Governor
1973 to 1974		João Cecilio Gonçalves, Governor
29 July 1974 to 18 December 1974		António Pires Veloso, Governor
Autonomous Province of Portugal (1974–1975)
18 December 1974 to 12 July 1975		António Pires Veloso, High Commissioner
12 July 1975	Independence as Democratic Republic of São Tomé and Príncipe

See also

• History of São Tomé and Príncipe
• Politics of São Tomé and Príncipe
• List of presidents of São Tomé and Príncipe
• List of prime ministers of São Tomé and Príncipe
• List of presidents of the Regional Government of Príncipe
• Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Cooperation and Communities

References

1. ^ Ana de Chaves: a mulher mito. Odisseias nos Mares. 15 de março de 2016.
2. "Sao Tome and Principe Celebrate Independence". The New York Times. Reuters. 13 July 1975. Retrieved 10 October 2024.

External links

• World Statesmen – São Tomé and Príncipe

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