| Host galaxies of novae discovered in 2018 |
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The following is a list of all novae that are known to have occurred in 2019. A nova is an energetic astronomical event caused by a white dwarf accreting matter from a star it is orbiting (typically a red giant, whose outer layers are more weakly attached than smaller, denser stars) Alternatively, novae can be caused by a pair of stars merging with each other, however such events are vastly less common than novae caused by white dwarfs.
In 2019, at least sixteen Milky Way novae were discovered, eight of which were dwarf nova eruptions, one of the variable system V386 Serpentis, one from the known nova-like system 2E 1516.6-6827, and four from previously unidentified white dwarf binaries. One of these binaries, TCP J18200437-1033071, may have possibly been involved in another outburst in 1951. The recurrent nova V3890 Sgr, which had been seen to erupt in 1962 and 1990, also erupted again in 2019.
class=notpageimage| The sky locations of the known galactic novae in 2019. Red dots are classical novae, orange dots are dwarf novae, yellow dots are luminous red novae, and blue dots are recurring novae.
List of novae in 2019
In the Milky Way
| Nova name | Discovery date | Constellation | Right ascension | Declination | Peak Brightness (v) | Distance (light years) |
Absolute magnitude (v) |
Nova type | Origin system identified? |
Companion star spectral type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| V386 Serpentis | 2019/01/18 | Serpens | 16 10 33.63 | −01° 02′ 23.2″ | 10.4 | 785+77 −64 |
3.5+0.2 −0.2 |
Dwarf nova | Yes | White dwarf |
| TCP J06373299-0935420 | 2019/02/21 | Monoceros | 06 37 33.01 | −09° 35′ 42.2″ | 10.4 | 1200+230 −170 |
2.6+0.3 −0.4 |
Dwarf nova | Yes | White dwarf |
| TCP J05390410+4748030 | 2019/03/14 | Auriga | 05 39 04.09 | 47° 48′ 00.9″ | 11.3 | 1060+220 −150 |
3.7+0.4 −0.4 |
Dwarf nova | Yes | White dwarf |
| TCP J05515391+6504346 | 2019/04/01 | Camelopardalis | 05 51 53.87 | 65° 04′ 36.9″ | 13.2 | 3000+20000 −1600 |
3.3+1.6 −4.3 |
Dwarf nova | Yes | White dwarf |
| TCP J18325790-1642211 | 2019/04/02 | Sagittarius | 18 32 58.30 | −16° 42′ 17.6″ | 12.5 | 99999+70000 −99999 |
−4.9+2.6 −1.5 |
Classical | Yes | K5III |
| TCP J18200437-1033071 | 2019/04/08 | Serpens | 18 20 04.21 | −10° 33′ 08.7″ | 13.3 | 10000+5000 −5000 |
0.9+1.5 −0.9 |
Dwarf nova | Yes | White dwarf |
| PNV J15212688-6838261 | 2019/05/11 | Triangulum Australe | 15 21 26.84 | −68° 38′ 26.6″ | 13.6 | 3250+420 −330 |
3.6+0.2 −0.3 |
Dwarf nova | Yes | K?V |
| AT 2019fez | 2019/05/13 | Scorpius | 17 07 34.19 | −36° 08′ 21.3″ | 13.1 | ? | ? | Classical | No | ? |
| TCP J10240289+4808512 | 2019/05/25 | Ursa Major | 10 24 02.70 | 48° 08′ 51.0″ | 11.8 | 1090+380 −300 |
4.2+0.2 −0.3 |
Dwarf nova | Yes | White dwarf |
| V2860 Ori | 2019/08/07 | Orion | 06 09 57.45 | 12° 12′ 25.2″ | 9.4 | ? | ? | Classical | ? | ? |
| V569 Vul | 2019/08/18 | Vulpecula | 19 52 08.25 | 27° 42′ 20.9″ | 13.3 | ? | ? | Classical | ? | ? |
| V3890 Sgr | 2019/08/27 | Sagittarius | 18 30 43.29 | −24° 01′ 08.9″ | 7.1 | ? | ? | Recurrent | Yes | Red Giant |
| Gaia19edn | 2019/09/14 | Ophiuchus | 17 38 31.82 | −29° 03′ 47.1″ | 12.3 | ? | ? | Classical | ? | ? |
| V1707 Sco | 2019/09/15 | Scorpius | 17 37 09.54 | −35° 10′ 23.2″ | 11.7 | ? | ? | Classical | ? | ? |
| V2891 Cyg | 2019/09/17 | Cygnus | 21 09 25.53 | 48° 10′ 52.2″ | 14.3 | ? | ? | Classical | Yes | ? |
| V659 Sct | 2019/10/29 | Scutum | 18 39 59.70 | −10° 25′ 41.9″ | 8.36 | ? | ? | Classical | ? | ? |
In the Andromeda Galaxy
Novae are also frequently spotted in the Andromeda Galaxy, and are even slightly more commonly found than in the Milky Way, as there is less intervening dust to prevent their detection. Furthermore, Andromeda is circumpolar for observers north of latitude +48-50, roughly the latitude of the Canadian-American border, allowing observers north of that to search for transients all year.
In 2019, 11 novae have been seen in the Andromeda galaxy.
| Nova name | Discovery date | Right ascension | Declination | Peak brightness (v) |
Absolute magnitude (v) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PNV J00420290+4107142 | 2019/01/20 | 00 42 02.90 | 41° 07′ 14.2″ | 18.2 | -6.3 |
| PNV J00424503+4114248 | 2019/01/21 | 00 42 45.03 | 41° 14′ 24.8″ | 18.0 | -6.5 |
| PNV J00430008+4118340 | 2019/01/23 | 00 43 00.08 | 41° 18′ 34.0″ | 19.5 | -5.0 |
| PNV J00422916+4114013 | 2019/01/27 | 00 42 29.16 | 41° 14′ 01.3″ | 19.6 | -4.9 |
| PNV J00435457+4117330 | 2019/01/28 | 00 43 54.57 | 41° 17′ 33.0″ | 17.5 | -7.0 |
| PNV J00425100+4121038 | 2019/02/03 | 00 42 51.00 | 41° 21′ 03.8″ | 18.8 | -5.7 |
| PNV J00421999+4113225 | 2019/03/13 | 00 42 19.99 | 41° 13′ 22.5″ | 18.8 | -5.7 |
| PNV J00423396+4113577 | 2019/04/16 | 00 42 33.96 | 41° 13′ 57.7″ | 17.3 | -7.2 |
| PNV J00424174+4116263 | 2019/04/26 | 00 42 41.74 | 41° 16′ 26.3″ | 16.6 | -7.9 |
| PNV J00422198+4123584 | 2019/05/24 | 00 42 21.98 | 41° 23′ 58.4″ | 16.7 | -7.8 |
| PNV J00432058+4125426 | 2019/05/28 | 00 43 20.58 | 41° 25′ 42.6″ | 17.4 | -7.1 |
In other galaxies
Any galaxy within 20 million light-years of the Sun could theoretically have nova events bright enough to be detected from Earth, although in practice most are only detected in galaxies within 10-15 million light-years of the Milky Way, such as the Triangulum Galaxy, Messier 81, Messier 82, Messier 83, and Messier 94.
In 2019, two novae were observed in Messier 81, and another in the Triangulum Galaxy. A luminous red nova was observed in the Whirlpool Galaxy (Messier 51a), probably caused by a merger of two stars.
| Nova name | Discovery date | Host galaxy | Right ascension | Declination | Peak brightness (v) |
Distance (million light-years) |
Absolute magnitude (v) |
Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT 2019gc | 2019/01/06 | Triangulum Galaxy | 01 33 56.94 | 30° 32′ 32.6″ | 17.0 | 2.65 | -7.5 | Classical |
| AT 2019abn | 2019/01/22 | Whirlpool Galaxy | 13 29 42.39 | 47° 11′ 16.9″ | 16.9 | 23 | -12.3 | Luminous Red Nova |
| PNV J09555100+6902323 | 2019/04/14 | Messier 81 | 09 55 51.00 | 69° 02′ 32.3″ | 19.8 | 11.5 | -7.9 | Classical |
| PNV J09554664+6902473 | 2019/06/09 | Messier 81 | 09 55 46.64 | 69° 02′ 47.3″ | 19.1 | 11.5 | -8.6 | Classical |
See also
Notes
- In most cases, the spectral type is estimated based on the absolute magnitude
References
- ^ Mukai, Koji. "Recent Novae". asd.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 25 January 2019.
- Brown, A. G. A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (August 2018). "Gaia Data Release 2: Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 616. A1. arXiv:1804.09365. Bibcode:2018A&A...616A...1G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201833051.
- "CBET 4603 : 20190120 : V386 SERPENTIS = TCP J16103359-0102227". Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams. IAU. Retrieved 25 January 2019.
