This is a list of members of the Senate of Canada in the 40th Parliament of Canada .
At dissolution on March 28, 2011, there were three vacancies in the Senate: two in Quebec , and one in Newfoundland and Labrador .
The province of Quebec has 24 Senate divisions which are constitutionally mandated. In all other provinces, a Senate division is strictly an optional designation of the senator's own choosing, and has no real constitutional or legal standing. A senator who does not choose a special senate division is designated a senator for the province at large.
Names in bold indicate senators in the 28th Canadian Ministry .
Incumbencies are as of August 2019, in the 42nd Parliament.
List of senators
Name
Party
Province (Division)
Date appointed
Appointed by
Left office
Reason
Willie Adams
Liberal
Nunavut
April 5, 1977
Trudeau
June 22, 2009
Retirement
Raynell Andreychuk
Conservative
Saskatchewan
March 11, 1993
Mulroney
August 14, 2019
Retirement
W. David Angus
Conservative
Québec (Alma )
June 10, 1993
Mulroney
July 21, 2012
Retirement
Salma Ataullahjan
Conservative
Ontario
July 9, 2010
Harper
Incumbent
Norman Atkins
Progressive Conservative
Ontario (Markham)
July 2, 1986
Mulroney
June 27, 2009
Retirement
Lise Bacon
Liberal
Québec (De la Durantaye )
September 15, 1994
Chrétien
August 25, 2009
Retirement
George Baker
Liberal
Newfoundland and Labrador
March 26, 2002
Chrétien
September 4, 2017
Retirement
Tommy Banks
Liberal
Alberta (Edmonton )
April 7, 2000
Chrétien
December 17, 2011
Retirement
Michel Biron
Liberal
Québec (Mille Isles )
October 4, 2001
Chrétien
March 16, 2009
Retirement
Pierre-Hugues Boisvenu
Conservative
Québec (La Salle )
January 29, 2010
Harper
Incumbent
David Braley
Conservative
Ontario
May 20, 2010
Harper
November 30, 2013
Resignation
Patrick Brazeau
Conservative
Québec (Repentigny )
January 8, 2009
Harper
Incumbent
Bert Brown
Conservative
Alberta
July 10, 2007
Harper
March 22, 2013
Retirement
John G. Bryden
Liberal
New Brunswick
November 23, 1994
Chrétien
October 31, 2009
Resignation
Catherine Callbeck
Liberal
Prince Edward Island
September 23, 1997
Chrétien
July 25, 2014
Retirement
Larry Campbell
Liberal
British Columbia (Vancouver )
August 2, 2005
Martin
Incumbent
Claude Carignan
Conservative
Québec (Mille Isles )
August 27, 2009
Harper
Incumbent
Sharon Carstairs
Liberal
Manitoba
September 15, 1994
Chrétien
October 17, 2011
Resignation
Andrée Champagne
Conservative
Québec (Grandville )
August 2, 2005
Martin
July 17, 2014
Retirement
Maria Chaput
Liberal
Manitoba
December 12, 2002
Chrétien
March 1, 2016
Resignation
Ethel Cochrane
Conservative
Newfoundland and Labrador
November 17, 1986
Mulroney
September 23, 2012
Retirement
Gerald J. Comeau
Conservative
Nova Scotia
August 30, 1990
Mulroney
November 30, 2013
Resignation
Joan Cook
Liberal
Newfoundland and Labrador
March 6, 1998
Chrétien
October 6, 2009
Retirement
Anne Cools
Non-aligned
Ontario (Toronto-Centre-York)
January 13, 1984
Trudeau
August 12, 2018
Retirement
Eymard Georges Corbin
Liberal
New Brunswick (Grand-Sault)
July 9, 1984
Turner
August 2, 2009
Retirement
Jane Cordy
Liberal
Nova Scotia
June 9, 2000
Chrétien
Incumbent
Jim Cowan
Liberal
Nova Scotia (Halifax)
March 24, 2005
Martin
January 22, 2017
Retirement
Roméo Dallaire
Liberal
Québec (Gulf )
March 24, 2005
Martin
June 17, 2014
Resignation
Dennis Dawson
Liberal
Québec (Lauzon )
August 2, 2005
Martin
Incumbent
Joseph A. Day
Liberal
New Brunswick (Saint John-Kennebecasis)
October 4, 2001
Chrétien
Incumbent
Pierre de Bané
Liberal
Québec (De la Vallière )
June 29, 1984
Trudeau
August 2, 2013
Retirement
Jacques Demers
Conservative
Québec (Rigaud )
August 27, 2009
Harper
August 25, 2019
Retirement
Fred Dickson
Conservative
Nova Scotia (Halifax )
January 2, 2009
Harper
February 9, 2012
Death
Consiglio Di Nino
Conservative
Ontario
August 30, 1990
Mulroney
June 30, 2012
Resignation
Percy Downe
Liberal
Prince Edward Island (Charlottetown)
June 26, 2003
Chrétien
Incumbent
Mike Duffy
Conservative
Prince Edward Island (Cavendish )
January 2, 2009
Harper
Incumbent
Lillian Dyck
Independent NDP
Saskatchewan (North Battleford)
March 24, 2005
Martin
Incumbent
Nicole Eaton
Conservative
Ontario (Caledon )
January 2, 2009
Harper
Incumbent
Art Eggleton
Liberal
Ontario (Toronto)
March 24, 2005
Martin
September 29, 2018
Retirement
Trevor Eyton
Conservative
Ontario
September 23, 1990
Mulroney
July 12, 2009
Retirement
Joyce Fairbairn
Liberal
Alberta (Lethbridge)
June 29, 1984
Trudeau
January 18, 2013
Resignation
Doug Finley
Conservative
Ontario
August 27, 2009
Harper
May 11, 2013
Death
Suzanne Fortin-Duplessis
Conservative
Québec (Rougemont )
January 14, 2009
Harper
June 20, 2015
Retirement
Francis Fox
Liberal
Québec (Victoria )
August 29, 2005
Martin
December 2, 2011
Resignation
Joan Fraser
Liberal
Québec (De Lorimier )
September 17, 1998
Chrétien
February 2, 2018
Resignation
Linda Frum
Conservative
Ontario
August 27, 2009
Harper
Incumbent
George Furey
Liberal
Newfoundland and Labrador
August 11, 1999
Chrétien
May 12, 2023
Retirement
Irving Gerstein
Conservative
Ontario (Toronto )
January 2, 2009
Harper
February 10, 2016
Retirement
Stephen Greene
Conservative
Nova Scotia (Halifax - The Citadel)
January 2, 2009
Harper
Incumbent
Yoine Goldstein
Liberal
Québec (Rigaud )
August 29, 2005
Martin
May 11, 2009
Retirement
Jerry Grafstein
Liberal
Ontario (Metro Toronto)
January 13, 1984
Trudeau
January 2, 2010
Retirement
Lenard Gustafson
Conservative
Saskatchewan
May 26, 1993
Mulroney
November 10, 2008
Retirement
Mac Harb
Liberal
Ontario
September 9, 2003
Chrétien
August 26, 2013
Resignation
Céline Hervieux-Payette
Liberal
Québec (Bedford )
March 21, 1995
Chrétien
April 22, 2016
Retirement
Leo Housakos
Conservative
Québec (Wellington )
January 8, 2009
Harper
Incumbent
Elizabeth Hubley
Liberal
Prince Edward Island
March 8, 2001
Chrétien
September 8, 2017
Retirement
Mobina Jaffer
Liberal
British Columbia
June 13, 2001
Chrétien
Incumbent
Janis Johnson
Conservative
Manitoba (Winnipeg - Interlake)
September 27, 1990
Mulroney
September 27, 2016
Resignation
Serge Joyal
Liberal
Québec (Kennebec )
November 26, 1997
Chrétien
Incumbent
Colin Kenny
Liberal
Ontario (Rideau)
June 29, 1984
Trudeau
February 2, 2018
Resignation
Wilbert J. Keon
Conservative
Ontario (Ottawa)
September 27, 1990
Mulroney
May 17, 2010
Retirement
Noël Kinsella
Conservative
New Brunswick (Fredericton-York-Sunbury)
September 12, 1990
Mulroney
November 27, 2014
Retirement
Vim Kochhar
Conservative
Ontario
January 29, 2010
Harper
September 21, 2011
Retirement
Daniel Lang
Conservative
Yukon (Whitehorse )
January 2, 2009
Harper
August 15, 2017
Resignation
Jean Lapointe
Liberal
Québec (Saurel )
June 13, 2001
Chrétien
December 6, 2010
Retirement
Raymond Lavigne
Liberal without caucus
Québec (Montarville )
March 26, 2002
Chrétien
March 21, 2011
Resignation
Marjory LeBreton
Conservative
Ontario
June 18, 1993
Mulroney
July 4, 2015
Retirement
Rose-Marie Losier-Cool
Liberal
New Brunswick (Tracadie)
March 21, 1995
Chrétien
June 18, 2012
Retirement
Sandra Lovelace Nicholas
Liberal
New Brunswick
September 21, 2005
Martin
Incumbent
Michael L. MacDonald
Conservative
Nova Scotia (Dartmouth )
January 2, 2009
Harper
Incumbent
Frank Mahovlich
Liberal
Ontario
June 11, 1998
Chrétien
January 10, 2013
Retirement
Fabian Manning
Conservative
Newfoundland and Labrador
January 2, 2009
Harper
March 28, 2011
Resignation
Elizabeth Marshall
Conservative
Newfoundland and Labrador
January 29, 2010
Harper
Incumbent
Yonah Martin
Conservative
British Columbia (Vancouver )
January 2, 2009
Harper
Incumbent
Paul J. Massicotte
Liberal
Québec (De Lanaudière )
June 26, 2003
Chrétien
Incumbent
Elaine McCoy
Progressive Conservative
Alberta (Calgary)
March 24, 2005
Martin
Incumbent
Michael Meighen
Conservative
Ontario (St. Marys)
September 27, 1990
Mulroney
February 6, 2012
Resignation
Terry Mercer
Liberal
Nova Scotia (Northend Halifax)
November 7, 2003
Chrétien
Incumbent
Pana Merchant
Liberal
Saskatchewan
December 12, 2002
Chrétien
March 31, 2017
Resignation
Don Meredith
Conservative
Ontario
December 20, 2010
Harper
May 10, 2017
Resignation
Lorna Milne
Liberal
Ontario (Peel County)
September 22, 1995
Chrétien
December 13, 2009
Retirement
Grant Mitchell
Liberal
Alberta (Edmonton)
March 24, 2005
Martin
Incumbent
Percy Mockler
Conservative
New Brunswick (St. Leonard )
January 2, 2009
Harper
Incumbent
Wilfred P. Moore
Liberal
Nova Scotia (Stanhope St./Bluenose)
September 26, 1996
Chrétien
January 14, 2017
Retirement
Jim Munson
Liberal
Ontario (Ottawa/Rideau Canal)
December 10, 2003
Chrétien
Incumbent
Lowell Murray
Progressive Conservative
Ontario (Pakenham)
September 13, 1979
Clark
September 26, 2011
Retirement
Nancy Ruth
Conservative
Ontario (Toronto)
March 24, 2005
Martin
January 6, 2017
Retirement
Richard Neufeld
Conservative
British Columbia (Charlie Lake )
January 2, 2009
Harper
Incumbent
Pierre Claude Nolin
Conservative
Québec (De Salaberry )
June 18, 1993
Mulroney
April 23, 2015
Death
Kelvin Ogilvie
Conservative
Nova Scotia (Annapolis Valley - Hants)
August 27, 2009
Harper
November 6, 2017
Retirement
Donald Oliver
Conservative
Nova Scotia (South Shore)
September 7, 1990
Mulroney
November 16, 2013
Retirement
Dennis Patterson
Conservative
Nunavut
August 27, 2009
Harper
Incumbent
Lucie Pépin
Liberal
Québec (Shawinigan )
April 8, 1997
Chrétien
September 7, 2011
Retirement
Robert Peterson
Liberal
Saskatchewan (Regina)
March 24, 2005
Martin
October 19, 2012
Retirement
Gerard Phalen
Liberal
Nova Scotia
October 4, 2001
Chrétien
March 28, 2009
Retirement
Michael Pitfield
Independent
Ontario (Ottawa-Vanier)
December 22, 1982
Trudeau
June 1, 2010
Resignation
Don Plett
Conservative
Manitoba (Landmark)
August 27, 2009
Harper
Incumbent
Rose-May Poirier
Conservative
New Brunswick (Saint-Louis-de-Kent)
February 28, 2010
Harper
Incumbent
Marie-P. Poulin
Liberal
Ontario
September 22, 1995
Chrétien
April 17, 2015
Resignation
Vivienne Poy
Liberal
Ontario (Toronto)
September 17, 1998
Chrétien
September 17, 2012
Resignation
Marcel Prud'homme
Independent
Québec (La Salle )
May 26, 1993
Mulroney
November 30, 2009
Retirement
Nancy Greene Raine
Conservative
British Columbia (Sun Peaks )
January 2, 2009
Harper
May 11, 2018
Retirement
Pierrette Ringuette
Liberal
New Brunswick
December 12, 2002
Chrétien
Incumbent
Michel Rivard
Conservative
Québec (The Laurentides )
January 2, 2009
Harper
August 7, 2016
Retirement
Jean-Claude Rivest
Independent
Québec (Stadacona )
March 11, 1993
Mulroney
January 31, 2015
Resignation
Fernand Robichaud
Liberal
New Brunswick (Saint Louis de Kent)
September 23, 1997
Chrétien
December 2, 2014
Retirement
Bill Rompkey
Liberal
Newfoundland and Labrador (North West River)
September 22, 1995
Chrétien
May 13, 2011
Retirement
Bob Runciman
Conservative
Ontario
January 29, 2010
Harper
August 10, 2017
Retirement
Hugh Segal
Conservative
Ontario (Kingston)
August 2, 2005
Martin
June 15, 2014
Resignation
Judith Seidman
Conservative
Québec (De la Durantaye )
August 27, 2009
Harper
Incumbent
Nick Sibbeston
Liberal
Northwest Territories
September 2, 1999
Chrétien
November 21, 2017
Resignation
David P. Smith
Liberal
Ontario (Cobourg)
June 25, 2002
Chrétien
May 16, 2016
Retirement
Larry Smith
Conservative
Quebec (Saurel )
December 20, 2010
Harper
March 25, 2011
Resignation
Mira Spivak
Independent
Manitoba
November 17, 1986
Mulroney
July 12, 2009
Retirement
Carolyn Stewart Olsen
Conservative
New Brunswick
August 27, 2009
Harper
Incumbent
Gerry St. Germain
Conservative
British Columbia (Langley-Pemberton-Whistler)
June 23, 1993
Mulroney
November 6, 2012
Retirement
Peter Alan Stollery
Liberal
Ontario (Bloor & Yonge/Toronto)
July 2, 1981
Trudeau
November 29, 2010
Retirement
Terry Stratton
Conservative
Manitoba (Red River)
March 25, 1993
Mulroney
March 16, 2013
Retirement
Claudette Tardif
Liberal
Alberta (Edmonton)
March 24, 2005
Martin
February 2, 2018
Resignation
David Tkachuk
Conservative
Saskatchewan
June 8, 1993
Mulroney
Incumbent
Marilyn Trenholme Counsell
Liberal
New Brunswick
September 9, 2003
Chrétien
October 22, 2008
Retirement
John D. Wallace
Conservative
New Brunswick (Rothesay )
January 2, 2009
Harper
February 1, 2017
Resignation
Pamela Wallin
Conservative
Saskatchewan (Kuroki Beach )
January 2, 2009
Harper
Incumbent
Charlie Watt
Liberal
Québec (Inkerman )
January 16, 1984
Trudeau
March 16, 2018
Resignation
Rod Zimmer
Liberal
Manitoba (Winnipeg)
August 2, 2005
Martin
August 2, 2013
Resignation
Changes in membership during the 40th Parliament
Senators appointed during the 40th Parliament
Date
Name
Party
Province (Division)
Details
Notes
January 2, 2009
Fred Dickson
Conservative
Nova Scotia (Halifax )
January 2, 2009
Mike Duffy
Conservative
Prince Edward Island (Cavendish )
January 2, 2009
Nicole Eaton
Conservative
Ontario (Caledon )
January 2, 2009
Irving Gerstein
Conservative
Ontario (Toronto )
January 2, 2009
Stephen Greene
Conservative
Nova Scotia (Halifax — The Citadel)
January 2, 2009
Daniel Lang
Conservative
Yukon (Whitehorse )
January 2, 2009
Michael L. MacDonald
Conservative
Nova Scotia (Dartmouth )
January 2, 2009
Fabian Manning
Conservative
Newfoundland and Labrador
January 2, 2009
Yonah Martin
Conservative
British Columbia (Vancouver )
January 2, 2009
Percy Mockler
Conservative
New Brunswick (St. Leonard )
January 2, 2009
Richard Neufeld
Conservative
British Columbia (Charlie Lake )
January 2, 2009
Michel Rivard
Conservative
Québec (The Laurentides )
January 2, 2009
Nancy Greene Raine
Conservative
British Columbia (Sun Peaks )
January 2, 2009
John D. Wallace
Conservative
New Brunswick (Rothesay )
January 2, 2009
Pamela Wallin
Conservative
Saskatchewan (Kuroki Beach )
January 8, 2009
Patrick Brazeau
Conservative
Québec (Repentigny )
January 8, 2009
Leo Housakos
Conservative
Québec (Wellington )
January 14, 2009
Suzanne Fortin-Duplessis
Conservative
Québec (Rougemont )
August 27, 2009
Claude Carignan
Conservative
Québec (Mille Isles )
August 27, 2009
Jacques Demers
Conservative
Québec (Rigaud )
August 27, 2009
Doug Finley
Conservative
Ontario
August 27, 2009
Linda Frum
Conservative
Ontario
August 27, 2009
Kelvin Ogilvie
Conservative
Nova Scotia (Annapolis Valley - Hants)
August 27, 2009
Dennis Patterson
Conservative
Nunavut
August 27, 2009
Don Plett
Conservative
Manitoba (Landmark)
August 27, 2009
Judith Seidman
Conservative
Québec (De la Durantaye )
August 27, 2009
Carolyn Stewart Olsen
Conservative
New Brunswick
January 29, 2010
Pierre-Hugues Boisvenu
Conservative
Québec (La Salle )
January 29, 2010
Vim Kochhar
Conservative
Ontario
January 29, 2010
Elizabeth Marshall
Conservative
Newfoundland and Labrador
January 29, 2010
Bob Runciman
Conservative
Ontario
February 28, 2010
Rose-May Poirier
Conservative
New Brunswick (Saint-Louis-de-Kent)
May 20, 2010
David Braley
Conservative
Ontario
July 9, 2010
Salma Ataullahjan
Conservative
Ontario
December 20, 2010
Don Meredith
Conservative
Ontario
December 20, 2010
Larry Smith
Conservative
Quebec (Saurel )
Left Senate during the 40th Parliament
Date
Name
Party
Province (Division)
Details
Notes
October 22, 2008
Marilyn Trenholme Counsell
Liberal
New Brunswick
Reached mandatory retirement age of 75
November 10, 2008
Lenard Gustafson
Conservative
Saskatchewan
Reached mandatory retirement age of 75
March 6, 2009
Michel Biron
Liberal
Québec (Mille Isles )
Reached mandatory retirement age of 75
March 28, 2009
Gerard Phalen
Liberal
Nova Scotia
Reached mandatory retirement age of 75
May 11, 2009
Yoine Goldstein
Liberal
Québec (Rigaud )
Reached mandatory retirement age of 75
June 22, 2009
Willie Adams
Liberal
Nunavut
Reached mandatory retirement age of 75
June 27, 2009
Norman Atkins
Progressive Conservative
Ontario (Markham )
Reached mandatory retirement age of 75
July 12, 2009
Mira Spivak
Independent
Manitoba
Reached mandatory retirement age of 75
July 12, 2009
Trevor Eyton
Conservative
Ontario
Reached mandatory retirement age of 75
August 2, 2009
Eymard Corbin
Liberal
New Brunswick (Grand-Sault)
Reached mandatory retirement age of 75
August 25, 2009
Lise Bacon
Liberal
Québec (De la Durantaye )
Reached mandatory retirement age of 75
October 6, 2009
Joan Cook
Liberal
Newfoundland and Labrador
Reached mandatory retirement age of 75
October 31, 2009
John G. Bryden
Liberal
New Brunswick
Resigned
November 30, 2009
Marcel Prud'homme
Independent
Québec (The Laurentides )
Reached mandatory retirement age of 75
December 13, 2009
Lorna Milne
Liberal
Ontario (Peel County)
Reached mandatory retirement age of 75
January 2, 2010
Jerry Grafstein
Liberal
Ontario (Metro Toronto)
Reached mandatory retirement age of 75
May 17, 2010
Wilbert Keon
Conservative
Ontario (Ottawa)
Reached mandatory retirement age of 75
June 29, 2010
Michael Pitfield
Independent
Ontario (Ottawa-Vanier)
Resigned
November 29, 2010
Peter Stollery
Liberal
Ontario (Bloor & Yonge/Toronto)
Reached mandatory retirement age of 75
December 6, 2010
Jean Lapointe
Liberal
Québec (Saurel )
Reached mandatory retirement age of 75
March 21, 2011
Raymond Lavigne
Independent Liberal
Québec (Montarville )
Resigned
March 25, 2011
Larry Smith
Conservative
Québec (Saurel )
Resigned
March 28, 2011
Fabian Manning
Conservative
Newfoundland and Labrador
Resigned
Changes in party affiliation during the 40th Parliament
Date
Name
Party (subsequent)
Party (previous)
Details
January 15, 2009
Lillian Dyck
Liberal
Independent NDP
Joined the Liberal caucus
July 8, 2010
Anne Cools
Independent
Non-aligned
Switched affiliation to Independent
Notes
^A Left the Senate after the 39th Parliament was dissolved but before the writs were returned for the 40th Parliament.
^B Left the Senate after the writs were returned for the 40th Parliament but before the first sitting of the first session.
^C Left the Senate after the 40th Parliament was dissolved but before the writs were returned for the 41st Parliament.
^D Was later re-appointed.
Party standings since the election
The party standings changed as follows from the election of the 40th Parliament on October 14, 2008 to its dissolution on March 28, 2011:
Changes to party standings during the 40th Parliament of Canada
October 14, 2008 to January 2, 2010
Affiliation
2008
2009
Oct 14
Oct 22
Nov 10
Jan 2
Jan 8
Jan 14
Jan 15
Mar 16
Mar 28
May 11
Jun 22
Jun 27
Jul 12
Aug 2
Aug 25
Aug 27
Oct 6
Oct 31
Nov 30
Dec 13
Liberal
58
57
58
57
56
55
54
53
52
51
50
49
Conservative
21
20
35
37
38
37
46
Independent
4
3
2
Progressive Conservative
3
2
Liberal without caucus
1
Non-aligned
1
Independent NDP
1
0
Total members
89
88
87
102
104
105
104
103
102
101
100
98
97
96
105
104
103
102
101
Vacant
16
17
18
3
1
0
1
2
3
4
5
7
8
9
0
1
2
3
4
Government Majority
-47
-46
-47
-32
-30
-29
-28
-27
-26
-25
-24
-23
-22
-13
-12
-11
-10
-9
January 2, 2010 to March 28, 2011
Affiliation
2010
2011
Jan 2
Jan 29
Feb 28
May 17
May 20
Jun 1
Jul 8
Jul 9
Nov 29
Dec 6
Dec 20
Mar 21
Mar 25
Mar 28
Conservative
46
50
51
50
51
52
54
53
52
Liberal
48
47
46
Independent
2
1
2
Progressive Conservative
2
Liberal without caucus
1
0
Non-aligned
1
0
Total members
100
104
105
104
105
104
105
104
103
105
104
103
102
Vacant
5
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
2
0
1
2
3
Government Majority
-8
-4
-3
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
3
4
3
2
Raymond Lavigne was identified as a Liberal in official Senate standings, but was not a part of the Liberal caucus. Lavigne was barred from performing legislative duties as a Senator due to the criminal charges against him and resigned shortly after being convicted of fraud.
Honorary senators
The Senate of Canada posthumously awarded the title of Honorary Senator during the 40th Parliament to five pioneering women known as The Famous Five . The motion was introduced to celebrate the 80th anniversary of the landmark court challenge that allowed women to hold seats in the Senate of Canada.
The Motion to recognize the women was introduced by Conservative senator Ethel Cochrane and seconded by Consiglio Di Nino . After debate, the motion passed without opposition. This was the first time in the history of the Senate of Canada that the title of honorary Senator was awarded to anyone.
See also
References
"Senators members of the Ministry" . Parliament of Canada. Retrieved 2011-05-24.
"Senators: 40th Parliament of Canada" . Parliament of Canada. Retrieved 2008-10-24.
^ "Raymond Lavigne federal political experience" . Parliament of Canada. Retrieved 2008-10-24.
"Party Standings in the Senate" . Parliament of Canada. Retrieved December 13, 2009.
Altha Raj (November 1, 2009). "Senator, facing criminal raps, still has run of Parliament Hill" . Ottawa Sun.
"Lavigne resigns from Senate after fraud conviction" . CTV.ca. March 21, 2011.
^ "'Famous 5' named honorary senators" . CBC News. October 10, 2009.
"Motion to Recognize "Famous Five" as Honorary Senators Adopted" . Parliamentary Debates (Hansard) . Senate of Canada. October 8, 2009. {{cite book }}
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