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List of sequenced eukaryotic genomes

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Saccharomyces cerevisiae was the first eukaryotic organism to have its complete genome sequence determined.

This list of "sequenced" eukaryotic genomes contains all the eukaryotes known to have publicly available complete nuclear and organelle genome sequences that have been sequenced, assembled, annotated and published; draft genomes are not included, nor are organelle-only sequences.

DNA was first sequenced in 1977. The first free-living organism to have its genome completely sequenced was the bacterium Haemophilus influenzae, in 1995. In 1996 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (baker's yeast) was the first eukaryote genome sequence to be released and in 1998 the first genome sequence for a multicellular eukaryote, Caenorhabditis elegans, was released.

Protists

Following are the nine earliest sequenced genomes of protists. For a more complete list, see the List of sequenced protist genomes.

Organism Type Relevance Genome size Number of genes predicted Organization Year of completion
Guillardia theta Cryptomonad Model organism 0.551 Mb
(nucleomorph genome only) 		465, 513, 598 (UniProt) Canadian Institute of Advanced Research, Philipps-University Marburg and the University of British Columbia 2001
Plasmodium falciparum
Clone:3D7 		Apicomplexan Human pathogen (malaria) 22.9 Mb 5,268 Malaria Genome Project Consortium 2002
Plasmodium yoelii yoelii
Strain:17XNL 		Apicomplexan Rodent pathogen (malaria) 23.1 Mb 5,878 TIGR and NMRC 2002
Cryptosporidium hominis
Strain:TU502 		Apicomplexan Human pathogen 10.4 Mb 3,994 Virginia Commonwealth University 2004
Cryptosporidium parvum
C- or genotype 2 isolate 		Apicomplexan Human pathogen 16.5 Mb 3,807 UCSF and University of Minnesota 2004
Thalassiosira pseudonana
Strain:CCMP 1335 		Diatom Model organism 34.5 Mb 11,242 Joint Genome Institute and the University of Washington 2004
Trypanosoma cruzi
Strain:CL-Brener 		Kinetoplastid Human Pathogen 67 Mb 22,570 The Institute for Genome Research (TIGR) and Karolinska Institutet (KI) and Seattle Biomedical Research Institute (SBRI) 2005
Trypanosoma brucei
Clone:TREU 927/4 		Kinetoplastid Human Pathogen 26 Mb 9,068 Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute and The Institute for Genome Research (TIGR) 2005
Leishmania major
Strain: Friedlin 		Kinetoplastid Human Pathogen 32.8 Mb 8,272 Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute and Seattle Biomedical Research Institute (SBRI) 2005

Plants

Following are the five earliest sequenced genomes of plants. For a more complete list, see the List of sequenced plant genomes.

Organism Type Relevance Genome size Number of chromosomes Number of genes predicted Organization Year of completion
Arabidopsis thaliana
Ecotype:Columbia 		Wild mustard Thale Cress Model plant 135 Mb 5 25,498, 27,400, 31,670 (UniProt) Arabidopsis Genome Initiative 2000
Cyanidioschyzon merolae
Strain:10D 		Red algae Simple eukaryote 16.5 Mb 20 5,331 University of Tokyo, Rikkyo University, Saitama University and Kumamoto University 2004
Oryza sativa
ssp indica 		Rice Crop and model organism 420 Mb 12 32-50,000 Beijing Genomics Institute, Zhejiang University and the Chinese Academy of Sciences 2002
Ostreococcus tauri Green algae Simple eukaryote, small genome 12.6 Mb 7,969 (UniProt) Laboratoire Arago 2006
Populus trichocarpa Balsam poplar or Black Cottonwood Carbon sequestration, model tree, commercial use (timber), and comparison to A. thaliana 550 Mb 19 45,555 The International Poplar Genome Consortium 2006

Fungi

Following are the five earliest sequenced genomes of fungi. For a more complete list, see the List of sequenced fungi genomes.

Organism Type Relevance Genome size Number of genes predicted Organization Year of completion
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Strain:S288C 		Saccharomycetes Baker's Yeast; Model eukaryote 12.1 Mb 6,294 International Collaboration for the Yeast Genome Sequencing 1996
Encephalitozoon cuniculi Microsporidium Human pathogen 2.9 Mb 1,997 Genoscope and Université Blaise Pascal 2001
Schizosaccharomyces pombe
Strain:972h- 		Schizosaccharomycetes Model eukaryote 14 Mb 4,824 Sanger Institute and Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory 2002
Neurospora crassa Sordariomycetes Model eukaryote 40 Mb 10,082 Broad Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, University of Kentucky, and the University of Kansas 2003
Phanerochaete chrysosporium
Strain:RP78 		Agaricomycetes Wood rotting fungus, use in mycoremediation 30 Mb 11,777 Joint Genome Institute 2004

Animals

Following are the five earliest sequenced genomes of animals. For a more complete list, see the List of sequenced animal genomes.

Organism Type Relevance Genome size Number of genes predicted Organization Year of completion
Caenorhabditis elegans
Strain:Bristol N2 		Nematode Model animal 100 Mb 19,000 Washington University and the Sanger Institute 1998
Drosophila melanogaster Fruit fly Model animal 165 Mb 13,600 Celera, UC Berkeley, Baylor College of Medicine, European DGP 2000
Anopheles gambiae
Strain: PEST 		Mosquito Vector of malaria 278 Mb 13,683 Celera Genomics and Genoscope 2002
Takifugu rubripes Puffer fish Vertebrate with small genome 390 Mb 22–29,000 International Fugu Genome Consortium 2002
Homo sapiens Human 3.2 Gb 18,826 (CCDS consortium) Human Genome Project Consortium and Celera Genomics Draft 2001
Complete 2006

See also

References

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