According to the Ministry of Commerce and Industry, the fifteen largest trading partners of India represent 61.67% of total trade by India in the financial year 2022–23. These figures include trade in goods and commodities, but do not include services or foreign direct investment.
The two largest goods traded by India are mineral fuels (refined / unrefined) and gold (finished gold ware / gold metal). In the year 2013–14, mineral fuels (HS code 27) were the largest traded item with 181.383 billion US$ worth imports and 64.685 billion US$ worth re-exports after refining. In the year 2024–2025, gold and its finished items (HS code 71) were the second-largest traded items with 558.465 billion US$ worth imports and 41.692 billion US$ worth re-exports after value addition. These two goods are constituting 53% total imports, 34% total exports and nearly 100% of total trade deficit (136 billion US$) of India in the financial year 2013–14. The services trade (exports and imports) are not part of commodities trade. The trade surplus in services trade is US$70 billion in the year 2017–18.
Counting the European Union (EU) as one, the World Trade Organisation ranks India fifth for commercial services exports and sixth for commercial services imports.
The two primary destinations of India's exports are the EU and the United States, whereas the China and the EU are the two primary countries from which India's imports come from. These figures include trade in goods and commodities, but do not include services or foreign direct investment.
Largest trading partners with India
(Financial Year 2023–24) in $
| Exports | Imports | Total Trade | Trade Balance |
|---|---|---|---|
| $770.18 billion | $892.18 billion | $1662.36 billion | -$122 billion |
India exported about $450 billion merchandise in the financial year 2022-2023 and about $323 billion of services exports in the same financial year. India's largest trade partners with their total trade (sum of imports and exports) in billions of US dollars for the financial year 2023–24 were as follows:
| Rank | Country | Exports | Imports | Total Trade | Trade Balance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| - |  GCC
|
56.32 | 105.49 | 161.82 | -49.17 |
| - |  European Union
|
75.93 | 59.38 | 135.31 | 16.55 |
| - |  ASEAN
|
41.21 | 79.67 | 120.88 | -38.46 |
| 1 |  China
|
16.66 | 101.75 | 118.41 | -85.09 |
| 2 |  United States
|
77.52 | 40.77 | 118.29 | 36.74 |
| 3 |  United Arab Emirates
|
35.63 | 48.02 | 83.65 | -12.39 |
| 4 |  Russia
|
4.26 | 61.43 | 65.69 | -57.17 |
| 5 |  Saudi Arabia
|
11.56 | 31.81 | 43.37 | -20.25 |
| 6 |  Singapore
|
14.41 | 21.20 | 35.61 | -6.79 |
| 7 |  Iraq
|
3.35 | 30.00 | 33.35 | -26.65 |
| 8 |  Indonesia
|
5.99 | 23.41 | 29.40 | -17.42 |
| 9 |  Hong Kong
|
8.24 | 20.45 | 28.69 | -12.21 |
| 10 |  South Korea
|
6.42 | 21.14 | 27.56 | -14.72 |
| 11 |  Netherlands
|
22.37 | 4.97 | 27.34 | 17.40 |
| 12 |  Germany
|
9.84 | 16.27 | 26.11 | -6.43 |
| 13 |  Australia
|
7.94 | 16.16 | 24.10 | -8.22 |
| 14 |  Japan
|
5.16 | 17.70 | 22.86 | -12.54 |
| 15 |  Switzerland
|
1.53 | 21.24 | 22.77 | -19.71 |
| 16 |  United Kingdom
|
12.92 | 8.42 | 21.34 | 4.50 |
| 17 |  Malaysia
|
7.26 | 12.75 | 20.01 | -5.49 |
| 18 |  South Africa
|
8.71 | 10.54 | 19.25 | -1.83 |
| 19 |  Belgium
|
7.84 | 7.24 | 15.08 | 0.60 |
| 20 |  Thailand
|
5.04 | 9.91 | 14.95 | -4.87 |
| 21 |  Vietnam
|
5.47 | 9.35 | 14.81 | -3.86 |
| 22 |  Italy
|
8.77 | 5.80 | 14.56 | 2.97 |
| 23 |  Qatar
|
1.70 | 12.38 | 14.08 | -10.68 |
| 24 |  France
|
7.14 | 6.24 | 13.38 | 0.90 |
| 6 |  Bangladesh
|
11.06 | 1.84 | 12.91 | 9.22 |
| - | Remaining Countries | 130.33 | 114.64 | 244.97 | 15.69 |
| India's Total | 437.11 | 675.43 | 1112.54 | -238.32 | |
Countries to which India is the largest trading partner
India is the primary export or import partner of several countries. The percentages on these tables are based on 2017 data as shown on the CIA World Factbook.
|
|
Export partners
India exports approximately 7500 commodities to about 192 countries. The following table shows India's 10 largest destinations for exports in 2023–24.
| Rank | Country | Value (US$ billion) | Share of overall exports |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | United States
|
77.52 | 17.73% |
| 2 | United Arab Emirates
|
35.62 | 8.15% |
| 3 | Netherlands
|
22.37 | 5.12% |
| 4 | China
|
16.66 | 3.81% |
| 5 | Singapore
|
14.14 | 3.30% |
| 6 | United Kingdom
|
12.92 | 2.96% |
| 7 | Saudi Arabia
|
11.56 | 2.65% |
| 8 | Bangladesh
|
11.06 | 2.53% |
| 9 | Germany
|
9.84 | 2.25% |
| 10 | Italy
|
8.77 | 2.01% |
Import partners
India imports around 6000 commodities from 140 countries. The following table shows India's 10 largest sources of imports in 2023–24.
| Rank | Country | Value (US$ billion) | Share of overall imports |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | China
|
101.75 | 15.06% |
| 2 | Russia
|
61.43 | 9.10% |
| 3 | United Arab Emirates
|
48.02 | 7.11% |
| 4 | United States
|
40.77 | 6.04% |
| 5 | Saudi Arabia
|
31.81 | 4.71% |
| 6 | Iraq
|
30.00 | 4.44% |
| 7 | Indonesia
|
23.41 | 3.47% |
| 8 | Switzerland
|
21.24 | 3.14% |
| 9 | Singapore
|
21.20 | 3.14% |
| 10 | South Korea
|
21.14 | 3.13% |
See also
- India related
- Foreign trade of India
- Economy of India
- Foreign-exchange reserves of India
- Remittances to India
- Business process outsourcing to India
- List of exports of India
- Indian diaspora
- Indianisation
- Lists
- List of countries by leading trade partners
- List of the largest trading partners of the ASEAN
- List of the largest trading partners of the United States
- List of the largest trading partners of the European Union
- List of the largest trading partners of China
- List of the largest trading partners of Australia
- List of the largest trading partners of Canada
- List of the largest trading partners of South Korea
References
- ^ "Export Import Data Bank". Ministry of Commerce and Industry. Archived from the original on 25 April 2023. Retrieved 13 May 2023.
- "Total Trade :: 25 Top countries". commerce.nic.in. Archived from the original on 22 October 2018. Retrieved 20 December 2015.
- "Statistics - Services Export Promotion Council". Department of Commerce. Archived from the original on 11 November 2018. Retrieved 20 December 2015.
- "Trade Profiles 2017" (PDF). World Trade Organization. pp. 170–171. Archived (PDF) from the original on 14 June 2018. Retrieved 26 February 2023.
- "Exports – partners". The World Factbook. Archived from the original on June 13, 2007. Retrieved 2018-10-21.
- "Imports – partners". The World Factbook. Archived from the original on June 13, 2007. Retrieved 2018-10-21.
- ^ Macroeconomics and Elementary Statistics. FK Publications. ISBN 9788187140900.
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