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Jack Simon, Baron Simon of Glaisdale

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(Redirected from Lord Simon of Glaisdale) Law Lord in the United Kingdom, politician and judge (1911–2006)

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The Right HonourableThe Lord Simon of GlaisdalePC DL
Simon in 1952, by Elliott & Fry
Lord of Appeal in Ordinary
In office
19 April 1971 – 1977
President of the Probate, Divorce and Admiralty Division
In office
8 February 1962 – 19 April 1971
Preceded byThe Lord Merriman
Succeeded bySir George Baker
Solicitor General for England and Wales
In office
22 October 1959 – 8 February 1962
Prime MinisterHarold Macmillan
Preceded bySir Harry Hylton-Foster
Succeeded bySir John Hobson
Financial Secretary to the Treasury
In office
15 January 1958 – 22 October 1959
Prime MinisterHarold Macmillan
ChancellorDerick Heathcoat-Amory
Preceded byEnoch Powell
Succeeded byEdward Boyle
Member of Parliament
for Middlesbrough West
In office
25 October 1951 – 28 February 1962
Preceded byGeoffrey Cooper
Succeeded byJeremy Bray
Personal details
Born(1911-01-15)15 January 1911
Hampstead, London, England
Died7 May 2006(2006-05-07) (aged 95)
Chelsea, London, England
Political partyConservative
Spouses
Gwendolen Evans ​ ​(m. 1934; died 1937)​
Fay Pearson ​(m. 1948)​
Children3, including Peregrine
EducationTrinity Hall, Cambridge
Military service
Allegiance United Kingdom
Branch/service British Army
RankLieutenant colonel
UnitRoyal Tank Regiment
36th Division
Battles/warsSecond World War
AwardsMentioned in dispatches

Jocelyn Edward Salis Simon, Baron Simon of Glaisdale, PC, DL (15 January 1911 – 7 May 2006) was a Law Lord in the United Kingdom, having been, by turns, a barrister, a commissioned officer in the British Army, a barrister again, a Conservative Party politician, a government minister, and a judge.

He held three ministerial positions in the government of Harold Macmillan, during his 11-year tenure as a member of the House of Commons. He also served as President of the Probate, Divorce and Admiralty Division (now the Family Division) of High Court for nine years, and was a Law Lord for 6 years before his retirement in 1977.

Simon's appointment, as of 2015, marks the last appointment of a former member of the House of Commons as a Lord of Appeal in Ordinary (although Reginald Manningham-Buller, 1st Viscount Dilhorne, appointed before Simon but retiring after Simon, was the last serving law lord to have previously served in the Commons.) As noted by The Independent in his obituary, "Jack Simon was the last of a breed of judges who first pursued a successful career in politics before promotion to the Bench."

Early life

Simon was born in Hampstead in London, the son of Claire and Frank Cecil Simon. His father was a stockbroker. He was educated at Gresham's School, in Holt, Norfolk and read English at Trinity Hall, Cambridge. He was elected an Honorary Fellow of Trinity Hall in 1963. He was called to the bar at Middle Temple in 1934, and joined the chambers of Tom Denning (later Lord Denning MR), practising mainly in family law and trust law.

In the Second World War, he joined the Inns of Court Regiment and was commissioned as an officer in the Royal Tank Regiment. He commanded a special service squadron of three Valentine tanks of the Royal Armoured Corps in the invasion of Madagascar in 1942 and the subsequent six-month campaign to liberate it from Vichy French control. He later fought with the 36th Division in Burma. He was mentioned in dispatches, and ended the war as a lieutenant colonel.

He returned to legal practice in 1946, and was appointed King's Counsel in 1951.

Political career

Simon's career then took a political turn: at the 1951 general election which returned Winston Churchill to office, he was elected as Conservative Member of Parliament (MP) for Middlesbrough West, winning the seat from Labour. He held the seat for 11 years.

Despite continuing his legal practice, he was attentive to constituency matters, and increased his majority in the 1955 general election. Politically, he was a founder of the One Nation Group. He was Parliamentary Private Secretary to the Attorney-General, Sir Lionel Heald, for three years, and then held three ministerial positions. He was appointed as a Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State at the Home Office in 1957. He took charge of the bill that became the Homicide Act 1957, earning the respect of Rab Butler, then Home Secretary.

A year later, the ministerial team at the Treasury resigned en masse; Derick Heathcoat-Amory became the new Chancellor of the Exchequer, replacing Peter Thorneycroft and Simon was promoted to become Financial Secretary to the Treasury, replacing Enoch Powell. Simon held this second office for only one year, being appointed Solicitor-General in 1959 to replace Sir Harry Hylton-Foster on his election as Speaker of the House of Commons; meanwhile, Sir Reginald Manningham-Buller was Attorney General. Simon was rewarded on taking this third office with a knighthood, and became a Privy Councillor in 1961.

Judicial career

Simon seemed destined for a seat in the Cabinet. However, after three years as Solicitor-General, he resigned from his office and his seat in Parliament in 1962, to widespread surprise, to become a High Court judge, and President of the Probate, Divorce and Admiralty Division, replacing Lord Merriman. His legal practice at the family bar had prepared him for this position perfectly. The year after taking office, he had an operation to remove a benign tumour. The operation left him paralysed on one side of his face: he had a speech impediment and also lost the use of his right eye; he habitually wore a black eye-patch thereafter, which gave him somewhat of a piratical air.

He remained President of the Probate, Divorce and Admiralty Division for nine years, until he was created a Life peer as Baron Simon of Glaisdale, of Glaisdale in the North Riding of the County of York on 5 February 1971 and appointed a Lord of Appeal in Ordinary. He retired from judicial office in 1977, but continued to attend the House of Lords and took a close interest in legislation.

He sat as a crossbencher in the House of Lords, despite earlier sitting in the House of Commons and holding ministerial office as a Conservative. He was strongly opposed to Henry VIII clauses. He proposed a bill in 1981 to reform the spelling of British English by adopting certain practices from American English, such as replacing "-ours" endings with "-ors".

At the time of his death in 2006, he was the last living person to have held the title of a KC, having been appointed in 1951 under the reign of George VI. However, he used the suffix QC between 1952 and 2006.

Lord-Lieutenancy

He was appointed as a deputy lieutenant for North Yorkshire in 1973.

Personal life and death

Simon married his first wife, actress Gwendolen Evans, in 1934. She died from tuberculosis in 1937. He married his second wife, Fay, in 1948; they had three sons. One, Sir Peregrine Simon, also became a barrister and High Court judge.

Simon was raised in a Unitarian family, but he later joined the Church of England.

On 7 May 2006, Simon died at Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, at the age of 95.

Arms

Coat of arms of Jack Simon, Baron Simon of Glaisdale
Crest
A cock's head erased Azure combed and wattled Gules between two palm branches Vert holding in the beak two roses Argent clipped leaved barbed and seeded Proper.
Escutcheon
Per saltire Sable and Ermine a pair of scales Or between in fess two roses Argent barbed and seeded Proper and in pale two crescents Ermine.
Supporters
Dexter a man habited in the robes of a Doctor of Civil Law in the University of Cambridge Proper and holding in his dexter hand a book Or sinister a man habited in the robes of the President of the Probate Divorce and Admiralty Division of the High Court Proper.
Motto
Si Monent Tubae Paratus

References

  1. 'Lord Simon of Glaisdale', The Independent, 9 May 2004.
  2. ^ Cretney, S. M. (2010). "Simon, Jocelyn Edward Salis , Baron Simon of Glaisdale (1911–2006), politician and judge". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/97207. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  3. "No. 41860". The London Gazette. 3 November 1959. p. 6941.
  4. "No. 42231". The London Gazette (Supplement). 27 December 1960. p. 8889.
  5. "No. 45300". The London Gazette. 9 February 1971. p. 1221.
  6. Roth, Andrew (8 May 2006). "Lord Simon of Glaisdale". The Guardian. Retrieved 15 October 2024.
  7. "Adjusting to the King's Counsel Era". www.thetimes.co.uk.
  8. Debrett's Peerage. 2003. p. 1476.

Sources

External links

Parliament of the United Kingdom
Preceded byGeoffrey Cooper Member of Parliament for Middlesbrough West
1951–1962 		Succeeded byJeremy Bray
Political offices
Preceded byEnoch Powell Financial Secretary to the Treasury
1958–1959 		Succeeded byEdward Boyle
Legal offices
Preceded byHarry Hylton-Foster Solicitor General for England and Wales
1959–1962 		Succeeded byJohn Hobson
Preceded byThe Lord Merriman President of the Probate, Divorce and Admiralty Division
1962–1971 		Succeeded bySir George Baker
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