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Gossypium tomentosum

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(Redirected from Ma‘o) Species of flowering plant in the mallow family Malvaceae

Gossypium tomentosum
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Malvales
Family: Malvaceae
Genus: Gossypium
Subgenus: G. subg. Karpas
Species: G. tomentosum
Binomial name
Gossypium tomentosum
Nutt. ex Seem.

Gossypium tomentosum, commonly known as maʻo, huluhulu or Hawaiian cotton, is a species of cotton plant that is endemic to the Hawaiian Islands. Genetic studies indicate that Hawaiian cotton is related to American species of Gossypium, with its closest relative Gossypium hirsutum.

Description

Maʻo is a shrub that reaches a height of 1.5–5 ft (0.46–1.52 m) and a diameter of 5–10 ft (1.5–3.0 m). The seed hairs (lint) are short and reddish brown, unsuitable for spinning or twisting into thread. Its flowers are bright yellow and have from 3-5 lobes that bloom in late summer to winter.

Distribution

Its ancestor may have come to the islands from the Americas as a seed on the wind or in the droppings of a bird, or as part of floating debris.

Habitat

It inhabits low shrublands at elevations from sea level to 120 m (390 ft). They can be found on all main Hawaiian islands besides Hawai'i, otherwise known as the Big Island.

Modern use

Gossypium tomentosum has been bred with other cotton plants to try and get a more persistent cotton plant for. Ma’o has also been studied with the interest in greater pollination consistency. Additionally, Ma’o has been used to breed with other cotton plants to try and build up more resilience to salt. The salinity of its habitat is high due to its close proximity to the ocean and thus has a resistance to salt more than other species.

Cultural significance

Native Hawaiians use maʻo flowers to make a yellow dye. They were also used to aid childbirth and mitigate stomach aches.

Conservation status

Gossypium tomentosum is under the G2 status and is considered at risk of extinction due to its lack of reach around the world. This conservation status comes from the NatureServe definitions on different elements that affect species diversity.

References

  1. "Gossypium tomentosum". Germplasm Resources Information Network. Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2011-09-09.
  2. Small, Randall L.; Ryburn, Julie A.; Cronn, Richard C.; Seelanan, Tosak; Wendel, Jonathan F. (September 1998). "The tortoise and the hare: choosing between noncoding plastome and nuclear Adh sequences for phylogeny reconstruction in a recently diverged plant group". American Journal of Botany. 85 (9): 1301–1315. doi:10.2307/2446640. ISSN 0002-9122. JSTOR 2446640.
  3. Kealoha, May K.; Sinclair, Sandra L.; Richardson, Karol K. (2019-09-16). "Mālama nā makua i nā keiki me ka hānō: Native Hawaiian Parents Caring for Their Children with Asthma, (Part 2)". Asian/Pacific Island Nursing Journal. 4 (3): 97–107. doi:10.31372/20190403.1020. ISSN 2373-6658. PMC 6753847. PMID 31583264.
  4. "Native Plants Hawaii - Viewing Plant : Gossypium tomentosum". nativeplants.hawaii.edu. Retrieved 2024-12-02.
  5. DeJoode, Daniel R.; Wendel, Jonathan F. (November 1992). "Genetic Diversity and Origin of the Hawaiian Islands Cotton, Gossypium tomentosum". American Journal of Botany. 79 (11): 1311. doi:10.2307/2445059. JSTOR 2445059.
  6. "Bernice P. Bishop Museum, Hawaii". Nature. 189 (4758): 20–21. January 1961. doi:10.1038/189020e0. ISSN 0028-0836.
  7. "Maʻo (Gossypium tomentosum) – Maui Nui Botanical Gardens". Retrieved 2024-12-02.
  8. Lehman, Alex; Pender, Richard; Morden, Clifford; Wieczorek, Ania M. (January 2014). "Assessment of Persistence of Hybrids between Alien Pima Cotton, Gossypium barbadense (Malvaceae), and Endemic Hawaiian Cotton, G. tomentosum , in Hawai'i 1". Pacific Science. 68 (1): 85–96. doi:10.2984/68.1.8. ISSN 0030-8870.
  9. Pleasants, John M.; Wendel, Jonathan F. (January 2010). "Reproductive and Pollination Biology of the Endemic Hawaiian Cotton, Gossypium tomentosum (Malvaceae)". Pacific Science. 64 (1): 45–55. doi:10.2984/64.1.045. ISSN 0030-8870.
  10. Krakos, Kyra N.; Booth, Gary M.; Bernhardt, Peter (January 2010). "Mechanical vs. Beetle-mediated Self-pollination in Gossypium Tomentosum (Malvaceae), an Endangered Shrub". International Journal of Insect Science. 2. doi:10.4137/IJIS.S4801. ISSN 1179-5433.
  11. Oluoch, George; Zheng, Juyun; Wang, Xingxing; Khan, Muhammad Kashif Riaz; Zhou, Zhongli; Cai, Xiaoyan; Wang, Chunying; Wang, Yuhong; Li, Xueyuan; Wang, Heng; Liu, Fang; Wang, Kunbo (May 2016). "QTL mapping for salt tolerance at seedling stage in the interspecific cross of Gossypium tomentosum with Gossypium hirsutum". Euphytica. 209 (1): 223–235. doi:10.1007/s10681-016-1674-6. ISSN 0014-2336.
  12. Roeder, K.; West, J.; Smith, B. (2011-03-01). "Making a smoker to produce cellulose-based smoke for treating forest tree seeds". Native Plants Journal. 12 (1): 27–30. doi:10.3368/npj.12.1.27. ISSN 1522-8339.
  13. "Gossypium tomentosum". Plant Pono. Retrieved 2024-11-05.
  14. "Hawai'i Cotton / Center For Plant Conservation". Retrieved 2024-11-05.
  15. "Definitions of NatureServe Conservation Status Ranks". help.natureserve.org. Retrieved 2024-12-02.

External links

Media related to Gossypium tomentosum at Wikimedia Commons Data related to Gossypium tomentosum at Wikispecies

Taxon identifiers
Gossypium tomentosum


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