| Manobo | |
|---|---|
| Geographic distribution | Central Mindanao |
| Linguistic classification | Austronesian |
| Subdivisions |
|
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-2 / 5 | mno |
| Glottolog | mano1276 |
 Geographic extent of Manobo languages based on Ethnologue maps | |
The Manobo languages are a group of languages spoken in the Philippines. Their speakers are primarily located around Northern Mindanao, Central Mindanao (presently called Soccsksargen) and Caraga regions where they are natively spoken. Some outlying groups make Manobo geographically discontiguous as other speakers can be located as far as the southern peninsula of Davao Oriental, most of Davao Occidental and coastal areas of Sultan Kudarat. The Kagayanen speakers are the most extremely remote and can be found in certain portions of Palawan.
Languages
- Central
- East: Dibabawon, Rajah Kabunsuwan, Agusan
- South: Ata, Matigsalug (Tigwa); Obo
- West: Western Bukidnon, Ilianen
- North: Binukid, Kagayanen, Higaonon, Kinamigin
- South: Tagabawa, Sarangani, Cotabato
Classification
Elkins (1974:637) classifies the Manobo languages as follows.
- Manobo
- Northern
- Cagayano (of Cagayancillo Island)
- Kinamigin (of Camiguin Island), Binukid (of central Mindanao)
- Northern
Reconstruction
| Proto-Manobo | |
|---|---|
| Reconstruction of | Manobo languages |
| Reconstructed ancestors | Proto-Austronesian |
Elkins (1974) includes a reconstruction of Proto-Manobo, along with 197 reconstructed etyma.
The Proto-Manobo phonemes are (Elkins 1974:616):
- Consonants
| *p | *t | *k | *ʔ |
| *b | *d | *g | |
| *m | *n | *ŋ | |
| *l | |||
| *r | |||
| *s | *h | ||
| *w | *y |
- Vowels
| *i | *u |
| *e | |
| *a |
See also
References
- Elkins, Richard E. (1974). "A Proto-Manobo Word List". Oceanic Linguistics. 13 (1/2): 601–641. doi:10.2307/3622754.
| Languages of the Philippines | |
|---|---|
| Official languages | |
| Regional languages | |
| Indigenous languages (by region) | |
| Immigrant languages | |
| Sign languages | |
| Historical languages | |
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| Bilic | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Central Luzon |
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| Greater Central Philippine |
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| Kalamian | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Minahasan | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Northern Luzon |
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| Northern Mindoro | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sangiric | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other branches |
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| Reconstructed | Proto-Philippine † | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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