The Map of National Shame (simplified Chinese: 国耻地图; traditional Chinese: 國恥地圖; Japanese: 国恥地図) is a map created around 1930 by the Nationalist government of the Republic of China, depicting territories that China perceived to have lost control or influence over to the Western powers and Japan.
Overview
Further information: Chinese irredentismThis map was used in elementary school geography textbooks published in 1933 by the World Geography Society in Shanghai and portrayed territories that China taught as having lost. These included the territories of several countries from the Ryukyu Islands, such as Okinawa, to Taiwan (then under Japanese rule), Pratas Island, Palawan in the Philippines, the Indochinese Peninsula, the northern part of Borneo (present-day Malaysia), Brunei, the Malay Peninsula (including modern Malaysia and Singapore), the Andaman Islands of India, Sakhalin, and others.
The total area of these territories is double the present land area of the People's Republic of China.
According to Professor Yūsuke Anami [ja] of Tohoku University, the elites of modern China hold similar views of history, though the scope of the territories may differ somewhat. In short, the actions of China which Japan and Western countries refer to as attempts to "change the status quo by force" are seen in China as the "recovery of lost lands".
Discussion by the U.S. military
Instructors at the U.S. military's reconnaissance and intelligence officer training institution at the Goodfellow Air Force Base in Texas have been known to use this map as a basis for discussions. According to Professor Tomohide Murai of Tokyo International University, the U.S. Air Force may have been investigating the possibility that the People's Liberation Army of China was accelerating its actions under the banner of 'recovering lost territories'.
See also
- Century of humiliation
- Regional reactions to China's maritime activities in the South China Sea
- Today Hong Kong, Tomorrow Taiwan, Day After Tomorrow Okinawa
References
- ^ "中国が考える本当の領土？｢国恥地図｣実物を入手". 東洋経済オンライン. 2021-10-18. Retrieved 2022-01-06. "What does China really think its territory is?" We have obtained the actual "Map of National Shame". Toyo Keizai Online, Tan Romi [ja]
- ^ TBS NEWS DIG Powered by JNN (2022-06-03). 「ウクライナ侵攻と重なる？ "国恥地図"に覗く中国の領土への野心」【6月3日㈮ #報道1930】. Retrieved 2024-10-21 – via YouTube.
- ^ "９０年前の「中国国恥地図」、米軍が利用 「失地回復」掲げる膨張主義を警戒". 産経新聞. 2021-12-06. Retrieved 2022-01-06. 90-year-old “China's national shame map” is used by the U.S. military to warn against expansionism with the goal of “recovering lost ground. Sankei