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Marcelino Oreja, 1st Marquess of Oreja

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(Redirected from Marcelino Oreja Aguirre) Spanish lawyer, diplomat and politician In this Spanish name, the first or paternal surname is Oreja and the second or maternal family name is Aguirre.
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The Most ExcellentThe Marquess of Oreja
Oreja in 2014
European Commissioner for Transport
In office
1994–1995
PresidentJacques Delors
Preceded byAbel Matutes
Succeeded byNeil Kinnock
Minister of Foreign Affairs
In office
7 July 1976 – 8 September 1980
Prime MinisterAdolfo Suárez
Preceded byJosé María de Areilza, Count of Motrico
Succeeded byJosé Pedro Pérez-Llorca
Secretary General of the Council of Europe
In office
1 October 1984 – 1 June 1989
Preceded byFranz Karasek
Succeeded byCatherine Lalumière
Personal details
Born (1935-02-13) 13 February 1935 (age 89)
Madrid, Spanish Republic
Political partyPeople's Party
Other political
affiliations		Union of the Democratic Centre
ParentMarcelino Oreja Elósegui

Marcelino Oreja Aguirre, 1st Marquess of Oreja (born 13 February 1935) is a Spanish lawyer, diplomat and politician of the People's Party. He served as Foreign Minister of Spain between 1976 and 1980. Between 1984 and 1989 he was Secretary General of the Council of Europe. In 1989 he became member of the European Parliament and he served until 1993. In 1994 he was appointed European Commissioner for Transport and Energy and then European Commissioner for Institutional Relations and Communication Strategy.

Career

Oreja was born on 13 February 1935 in Madrid, his father was Marcelino Oreja Elósegui.

In May 1973 he and a number of Madrid-based individuals founded the Grupo Tácito, a group of intellectuals, politicians and journalists, some of them coming from the Franco regime and others from the democratic and monarchist opposition to the dictatorship. They - by the prospect of Franco's death - advocated a democratic solution to the dictatorial regime and had influence in different sectors linked to the system, and where active during the period of the Spanish Transition between 1973 and 1976. Oreja came up with the name after the Roman historian Tacitus, meaning that due to government censorship not everything could be said. The Grupo Tácito had its origins in a meeting of the Asociación Católica Nacional de Propagandistas’ (Catholic National Association of Propagandists) and group’s early influence was largely determined by its access to the Catholic press.

Oreja served as Spanish minister of foreign affairs from 5 July 1976 to 1980. July 1976 Oreja set out to reform Spain's 1953 Concordat with the Vatican, which resulted the same month in agreements with the Holy See laying out the separation of church and state. The Spanish chief of state no more had the right to nominate Roman Catholic bishops, in exchange the Vatican dropped its right of "ecclesiastical forum". Two months later Oreja signed the Universal Declaration of Human Rights on behalf of Spain.

On 24 November 1977, in Strasbourg, Oreja signed Spain's accession to the Council of Europe, with the European Convention on Human Rights entering into force in Spain on 4 October 1979.

He was Secretary General of the Council of Europe from 1984 to 1989.

He was elected to the European Parliament in 1989. His membership ended on 28 June 1993.

In 1994 Oreja was appointed European Commissioner for Transport and Energy and then European Commissioner for Institutional Relations and Communication Strategy.

At the end of his mandate, Oreja retired from political life, returning to Spain. He continued to be active in many fields, being appointed Head of the Institute for European Studies at the CEU San Pablo University Foundation, Vice-Chair of the BBV Foundation (1996) and Doctor Honoris Causa at Zaragoza and Seville Universities (1996).

Other activities

Recognition

On 8 April 2010 Oreja was made Marquess of Oreja.

References

  1. ^ https://www.ru.nl/publish/pages/816038/oreja-m-19april2017.pdf Marcelino Oreja Aguirre Bio, Université du Luxembourg CVCE.EU
  2. Vatican, Spain Sign Pact Affecting Naming of Bishops The New York Times, 29 July 1976.
  3. Marcelino Oreja and Georg Kahn-Ackermann at the signing
  4. Spain and the Council of Europe
  5. "Commission Member Biographies". Independent Commission on Turkey. British Council and the Open Society Foundation–Turkey. 2009. Archived from the original on 13 September 2009. Retrieved 2 October 2009.
  6. "Marcelino Oreja Aguirre". European Parliament. Retrieved 21 January 2015.
  7. "Biography of Marcelino Oreja Aguirre" (PDF). CVCE.eu. 10 September 2012. p. 2. Retrieved 24 November 2013.
  8. Board of Trustees Elcano Royal Institute for International and Strategic Studies.
  9. R., Juan Carlos (9 April 2010). Caamaño Domínguez, Francisco (ed.). "Real Decreto 430/2010, de 8 de abril, por el que se concede el título de Marqués de Oreja a don Marcelino Oreja Aguirre" (PDF). Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish) (86): 32247. ISSN 0212-033X. Retrieved 23 January 2015.
Political offices
Preceded byThe Count of Motrico Minister of Foreign Affairs
7 July 1976 – 8 September 1980 		Succeeded byJosé Pedro Pérez-Llorca
Preceded byAbel Matutes Spanish European Commissioner
1994–1999
Served alongside: Manuel Marín 		Succeeded by
Spanish nobility
New creation Marquess of Oreja
2010– 		Succeeded byIncumbent
European Commissioners for Transport
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