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March 1992 Thai general election

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March 1992 Thai general election
Thailand
← 1988 22 March 1992 September 1992 →
All 360 seats in the House of Representatives
181 seats needed for a majority
Turnout59.24% (Decrease 4.32pp)
Party Leader Vote % Seats +/–
New Aspiration Chavalit Yongchaiyudh 22.42 72 New
Justice Unity Narong Wongwan 19.27 79 New
Chart Thai Somboon Rahong 16.41 74 −13
Palang Dharma Chamlong Srimuang 11.47 41 +27
Democrat Chuan Leekpai 10.57 44 −4
Social Action Montri Pongpanich 8.06 31 −23
Thai Citizen Samak Sundaravej 5.12 7 −24
Solidarity Boonchu Rojanastien 2.95 6 New
Mass Party Chalerm Yubamrung 1.00 1 −4
People Tianchai Sirisampan 0.85 4 −17
Thai People Phon Ruengprasertwit 0.36 1 −16
This lists parties that won seats. See the complete results below.
Prime Minister before Prime Minister after
Anand Panyarachun
Independent		 Suchinda Kraprayoon
Independent

General elections were held in Thailand on 22 March 1992, the first after the National Peace Keeping Council overthrew the elected government of Chatichai Choonhavan in a coup on 23 February 1991. A total of 15 parties and 2,185 candidates contested the 360 seats. The Justice Unity Party emerged as the largest party in the House of Representatives with 79 seats despite receiving fewer votes than the New Aspiration Party. Voter turnout was 59%.

Results

The Palang Dharma Party was very successful, especially in the Bangkok area where it won 32 of the 35 seats, many famous politicians were not elected, such as Police Captain Chalerm Yubamrung, the Mass Party leader. (currently affiliated with the Pheu Thai Party), Marut Bunnag, Pramote Sukhum, Pichai Rattakul, Charoen Kanthawong from the Democrat Party. And it was considered the first political role of a new politician who later became an important player in politics, namely Abhisit Vejjajiva, later the former party leader and former the 27th prime minister, who was the only MP from the Democrat Party in Bangkok and Khunying Sudarat Keyuraphan from the Palang Dharma Party is now the Thai Sang Thai Party leader.

PartyVotes%Seats+/–
New Aspiration Party9,980,15022.4272New
Justice Unity Party8,578,52919.2779New
Thai Nation Party7,305,67416.4174–13
Palang Dharma Party5,104,84911.4741+27
Democrat Party4,705,37610.5744–4
Social Action Party3,586,7148.0631–23
Thai Citizen Party2,280,8875.127–24
Solidarity Party1,315,0752.956New
Mass Party443,5681.001–4
People Party376,5800.854–17
United New Force337,3610.760New
Thai People Party158,0370.361–16
Local Progress Party156,8080.350New
Free Agriculture Party152,6920.340New
United Democracy Party34,6510.080New
Total44,516,951100.00360+3
Valid votes18,668,74097.15
Invalid/blank votes547,7262.85
Total votes19,216,466100.00
Registered voters/turnout32,436,28359.24
Source: Nohlen et al.

Aftermath

In the first tier, the Justice Unity Party successfully supported Dr. Arthit Ourairat, who was a MPs of the party, to become Speaker of the House of Representatives, an important position because of his position as Speaker of the National Assembly which is to lead the list of prime minister present to His Majesty and signed in response to the Royal Command appointment of the prime minister.

Both before and after this election the media went to interview General Suchinda Kraprayoon, who was the commander-in-chief of the Royal Thai Army and the Supreme Commander deputy leader of the National Peace Keeping Council many times whether to be prime minister or not which General Suchinda Has clearly refused to accept the position of prime minister. this gave Narong Wongwan, the leader of the Justice Unity Party with the highest votes, a chance to become prime minister, but it appears that the United States had refused to issue a visa to him due to suspicion that he was involved in a drug trafficking ring, in which case, Narong Wongwan has completely denied this news and that this news is deliberately fabricated to discourage himself becoming prime minister.

The Justice Unity Party won the most seats, 79 seats out of a total of 360 seats, less than half of the House of Representatives causing the formation of a coalition government with the support from 4 political parties, including 5 coalition parties, namely Justice Unity Party (79), Thai Nation Party (74), Social Action Party (31), Thai Citizen Party (7), and People Party (4), totaling 195 government MPs.

While the opposition party consists of 6 parties, namely New Aspiration Party (72), Democrat Party (44), Palang Dharma Party (41), Solidarity Party (6), Thai People's Party (1) and Mass Party (1) in total of 165 MPs for the opposition party.

Later, General Suchinda Kraprayoon, Commander-in-Chief of the Royal Thai Army and Supreme Commander was invited as prime minister instead of Narong Wongwan by royal command appointed on Monday, April 7, 1992, but announced his resignation on Saturday, May 24, 1992 after the Black May incident, holding office for only 47 days.

After the Black May incident, many parties speculated that Air Chief Marshal Somboon Rahong, leader of the Thai Nation Party which has the second most elected MPs, will become the new prime minister. Eventually, Dr. Arthit Ourairat, the Speaker of the National Assembly, nominated the previous prime minister, Anand Panyarachun, to return to the position of prime minister for a second term to prepare for a new election with a royal command appointed on Tuesday 10 June 1992.

As for the Justice Unity Party, after the new prime minister, Narong Wongwan, the party's leader resigned, causing the party's executive committee to vacate the entire board. Most of the former party executive committees have decided to resign from party membership to form a new political party or move to other political parties. The remaining ex-executive committee members, including Narong, held a general meeting to change the party's name to Liberal Party and elect a new party executive committee in July 1992, but shortly thereafter. during August all party executive committees decided to resign from party membership. Before Supreme Court an order to dissolve the party later.

References

  1. Dieter Nohlen, Florian Grotz & Christof Hartmann (2001) Elections in Asia: A data handbook, Volume II, p286 ISBN 0-19-924959-8
  2. Chamlong Srimuang (1992) ร่วมกันสู้, Thira Printing, p31 ISBN 974-88799-9-2
  3. Srimuang, p3
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