Margaret Elizabeth Ashley-Towle (née Ashley; 1902/1903 – November 2, 1985) was an early American archaeologist.
Education and career
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Margaret Elizabeth Ashley was born in Atlanta, Georgia to Claude Lordawick Ashley, a chief of the Atlanta city council, and Elizabeth Miller, the daughter of Captain Hiram Miller, a veteran of the Federal army. After graduating from Oglethorpe University in Atlanta with an A.B. in English literature and a minor in journalism in 1924, she enrolled in Columbia University, pursuing a graduate degree in anthropology. While at Columbia, she studied under Franz Boas. In 1926, she began work at what is now known as the Shinholser site (9Bl12) in Baldwin County, Georgia.
In July 1927, she began working on her master's thesis topic, "An Archaeological Survey of Georgia". By September of that year, already recognized as an expert in her field, Ashley was asked to organize a department of archaeology for Emory University and to represent Emory in Warren K. Moorehead's excavations at the Etowah site in northern Georgia. Ashley accepted this position and left her official studies at Columbia.
While working for Emory, Ashley, along with Frank T. Schnell Sr., performed significant excavations at Lockett Mound, now known as the Neisler site (9Tr1), located near the Flint River. Ashley and Schnell spent three weeks at Neisler, performing major trench excavation atop the mound and surveying 250 test units. Two fire pits were uncovered on the mound and fourteen burials excavated in the outlying area.
On February 18, 1930, Ashley married Gerald Towle, a Harvard graduate and Moorehead's top field assistant. Upon her marriage, Margaret abandoned archaeology for some fourteen years, never to resume field work in Georgia. In 1944, after being widowed, she started volunteering at the Harvard Botanical Museum. In the late 1940s, she returned to the graduate program in anthropology at Columbia, this time focusing on ethnobotany and working with Duncan Strong.
In 1958, Ashley completed her dissertation, The Ethnobotany of Pre-Columbian Peru as Evidenced by Archaeological Materials, and received her Ph.D. Upon completing her studies at Columbia, Ashley-Towle worked for the Harvard Botanical Museum as an unpaid associate until her death on November 2, 1985.
References
- ^ Browman, David L. (2020-02-17). Cultural Negotiations: The Role of Women in the Founding of Americanist Archaeology. U of Nebraska Press. ISBN 978-1-4962-1044-9.
- Ashley-Towle, Margaret (1958). "THE ETHNOBOTANY OF PRE-COLUMBIAN PERU AS EVIDENCED BY ARCHEOLOGICAL MATERIALS". Columbia University ProQuest Dissertations Publishing.
Further reading
- White, Nancy Marie, Sullivan, Lynne P., and Marrinan, Rochelle A., eds. Grit-Tempered: Early Women Archaeologists in the Southeastern United States. Tallahassee: University Press of Florida, 1999.
- 1900s births
- 1985 deaths
- Oglethorpe University alumni
- Columbia Graduate School of Arts and Sciences alumni
- Emory University faculty
- Harvard University people
- American women archaeologists
- 20th-century American archaeologists
- 20th-century American writers
- 20th-century American women writers
- 20th-century American women scientists
- 20th-century American women academics