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Mark S. G. Dyczkowski

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British Indologist

Mark S. G. Dyczkowski is an English Indologist, musician, and scholar of Tantra and Kashmir Shaivism. He has published multiple translations and commentaries, most notably the 12-volume Manthanabhairava Tantra and an 11-volume Tantrāloka including the commentary by Jayaratha. Dyczkowski also plays the sitar and has collected over 1,500 compositions for sitar.

Life and career

Mark Dyczkowski was born in London on August 29, 1951 to a Polish father and Italian mother. He discovered India at a young age and was deeply influenced by its cultures and religions. At age fourteen, Dyczkowski read the writings of Vivekananda, Yogananda, and Ramakrishna Paramahansa, along with texts like the Bhagavad Gita and Laṅkāvatāra Sūtra; and started playing the sitar. When he read Walter Evans-Wentz's books The Tibetan Book of the Dead and the Tibetan Yoga and Secret Doctrines, he found them to be too complex to understand and realized the need for a Guru.

After finishing school at the age of 17, Dyczkowski, now 18, traveled to India. He visited Guru Maharaj Ji's ashram in Delhi, which had been established twelve years prior, as recommended by two fellow hotel guests, and remained there for six months. Dyczkoswki went to London to assist Maharaj in his sermons, and stayed there until the Guru suggested he go to college in India. He enrolled in the Banaras Hindu University in 1970 at the age of 19, where his professor was Acharya Rameshwar Jha and a fellow student was K.D. Tripathi. Dyczkowski met Pandit Hemant Chakravarti in Varanasi in 1971. Chakravarti was a student of Gopinath Kaviraj, who in turn was a student of Vishuddhananda Paramahansa and Anandamayi Ma. Dyczkowski studied Sanskrit, philosophy, and Tantra under his guidance, while simultaneously learning the sitar from Budhaditya Mukherjee. Dyczkowski also studied with Vrajvallabh Dwivedi and Pandit Vagish Shastri (who taught him Sanskrit grammar).

By 1974 Dyczkowski had obtained a BA and MA in Indian Philosophy and Religion with distinction from Banaras Hindu University. He returned to England and was admitted to University of Oxford to conduct doctoral research into Kashmir Shaivism. His doctoral advisor was Alexis Sanderson, one of the few scholars in the West who knew of its existence. His supervisor was Richard Gombrich. In 1976, Dyczkowski traveled to Kashmir and was formally initiated into Kashmiri Shaivism by Swami Lakshman Joo, who became his guru, and with whom Dyczkowski would stay with for six months out of the year to attend his lectures.

Dyczkowski returned to India in late 1979 after receiving his PhD. He worked towards a second Doctorate at the Banaras Hindu University, where he studied as a Commonwealth Scholar. In 1985 he enrolled at the Sampurnanand Sanskrit Vishwavidyalaya for the Vachaspati (DLitt) degree. He started learning the sitar and Indian classical music from Dr. Gangrade (the head of the music faculty at BHU) and Omir Bhattacharya, and learned vocals from Pashupatinath Mishra. Dyczkowski published his doctoral dissertation, The Doctrine of Vibration as his first book, which introduced many people to Kashmir Shaivism and was reprinted multiple times.

Sanderson gifted two books to Dyczkowski on his wedding. One of these books was the Kubjikāmata, which sparked his curiosity and led him to research the Kubjikā tradition in Nepal, which he would visit once or twice a year. His research was the first such exposition of a secret Tantric tradition and led to multiple other such efforts. Dyczkowski primarily focuses on the Trika, Kaula, Krama, Bhairava, and Siddhānta schools of Tantra, among others. He is also notable for digitizing many previously inaccessible Sanskrit manuscripts and scriptures in association with the Muktabodha Indological Research Institute.

Works

Books

Works edited or translated

Articles

References

  1. "Dr. Mark Dyczkowski". Muktabodha Indological Research Institute. Retrieved 2023-03-16.
  2. "Mathanabhairavatantram". Index Theologicus. Retrieved 2023-03-16.
  3. Misra, Aparna (2020-02-21). "Mark Dyczkowski plays Bhairavi for Shiva at Varanasi". Center for Soft Power, Indica Academy. Retrieved 2023-03-16.
  4. ^ Osto, D. E. (2020-03-06). An Indian Tantric Tradition and Its Modern Global Revival: Contemporary Nondual Śaivism. Oxford & New York: Routledge. ISBN 978-1-000-04929-9.
  5. Compilation, Prabuddha Bharata (July 2018). Approaching Ramakrishna (1st Ebook ed.). Kolkata: Advaita Ashrama (A publication branch of Ramakrishna Math, Belur Math). ISBN 978-81-7505-908-5.
  6. Battistini, Alessandro (2014-07-23). "Ātaṅkavādaśataka: the Century of Verses on Terrorism by Vagish Shastri". Governare la Paura. Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies. 7(1) (2014: India and Fear: Anatomy of an Emotion): 4. doi:10.6092/issn.1974-4935/4422. ISSN 1974-4935.
  7. ^ Das, Sadananda; Fürlinger, Ernst (2005). Samarasya. D.K. Printworld. ISBN 978-81-246-0338-3.
  8. Vasugupta; Singh, Jaideva (1992-01-01). The Yoga of Vibration and Divine Pulsation: A Translation of the Spanda Kārikās with Kṣemarāja's Commentary, the Spanda Nirṇaya. Albany, New York: SUNY Press. ISBN 978-0-7914-1179-7.
  9. Davis, Richard (1990). "Review of The Doctrine of Vibration: An Analysis of the Doctrines and Practices of Kashmir Shaivism, by Mark S. G. Dyczkowski". History of Religions. 29 (4): 424–426. JSTOR 1062928 – via JSTOR.
  10. White, David Gordon (2011). "Review of Manthānabhairavatantram Kumārikārikākhaṇḍaḥ: The Section Concerning the Virgin Goddess of the Tantra of the Churning Bhairava, by M. S. G. Dyczkowski". Journal of the American Oriental Society. 131 (2): 295–297. JSTOR 23044647 – via JSTOR.
  11. Kinsley, David R. (1998). Tantric Visions of the Divine Feminine: The Ten Mahāvidyās (1st ed.). Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 253–280. ISBN 978-81-208-1522-3.
  12. Törzsök, Judit (2007), Padoux, Dominic Goodall & André (ed.), "The Search in Śaiva Scriptures for Meaning in Tantric Ritual", Mélanges tantriques à la mémoire d'Hélène Brunner – Tantric Studies in Memory of Hélène Brunner, Collection Indologie 106, Institut Français de Pondichéry Ecole Française d'Extrême Orient, pp. 485–516, retrieved 2023-08-27.
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