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Medial septal nucleus
Medial septal nucleus of the mouse brain
Details
Identifiers
Latin	nucleus septalis medialis
NeuroNames	262
NeuroLex ID	birnlex_1668
TA98	A14.1.09.269 A14.1.09.446
FMA	61879
Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy[edit on Wikidata]

The medial septal nucleus (MS) is one of the septal nuclei. Neurons in this nucleus give rise to the bulk of efferents from the septal nuclei. A major projection from the medial septal nucleus terminates in the hippocampal formation.

It plays a role in the generation of theta waves in the hippocampus. Specifically, the GABAergic cells of the medial septum that act as theta pacemakers target dentate gyrus, CA3, and CA1 interneurons. Pacemaking MS interneurons express hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channels which likely, at least partially, mediate their pacemaker properties.

It is composed of GABAergic cells, glutamatergic cells, and cholinergic cells. Each cell-type carries out different functions. In addition to the theta wave generation, it has recently been discovered that medial septum also serves as an important node for sensory valence processing. For example, Vglut2 neurons in medial septum respond strongly to noxious sensory stimulation.

References

1. Brodal, A (1981). Neurological Anatomy. New York, N.Y.: Oxford University Press. Retrieved 18 Jun 2011.
2. O'Keefe, John; Andersen, Per; Morris, Richard; David Amaral; Tim Bliss (2007). The hippocampus book. Oxford : Oxford University Press. p. 480. ISBN 978-0-19-510027-3.
3. Colgin, Laura Lee (April 2016). "Rhythms of the hippocampal network". Nature Reviews. Neuroscience. 17 (4): 239–249. doi:10.1038/nrn.2016.21. ISSN 1471-003X. PMC 4890574. PMID 26961163.

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