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Babe Didrikson Zaharias
Babe Zaharias c. 1947
Personal information
Full name	Mildred Ella Didrikson Zaharias
Nickname	Babe
Born	(1911-06-26)June 26, 1911 Port Arthur, Texas, U.S.
Died	September 27, 1956(1956-09-27) (aged 45) Galveston, Texas, U.S.
Height	5 ft 7 in (170 cm)
Weight	126 lb (57 kg)
Sporting nationality	United States
Spouse	George Zaharias ​(m. 1938)​
Career
Turned professional	1947
Former tour(s)	LPGA Tour (joined 1950, its founding)
Professional wins	48
Number of wins by tour
LPGA Tour	41
Other	7
Best results in LPGA major championships (wins: 10)
Western Open	Won: 1940, 1944, 1945, 1950
Titleholders C'ship	Won: 1947, 1950, 1952
U.S. Women's Open	Won: 1948, 1950, 1954
Achievements and awards
World Golf Hall of Fame 1974 (member page) LPGA Tour Money Winner 1950, 1951 LPGA Vare Trophy 1954 Associated Press Female Athlete of the Year 1932, 1945, 1946, 1947, 1950, 1954 Bob Jones Award 1957 Presidential Medal of Freedom 2021

Babe Didrikson Zaharias

Sport
Sport	Athletics
Event(s)	Sprint, 80 m hurdles, high jump, long jump, javelin throw, discus throw, shot put
Club	Employers' Casualty Co. Club
Achievements and titles
Personal best(s)	80 mH – 11.7 (1932) 100 m – 12.3 (1931) 200 m – 25.6 (1931) HJ – 1.65 m (1932) LJ – 5.70 m (1930) JT – 43.69 m (1932) DT – 42.06 m (1932) SP – 12.04 m (1932)
Medal record Representing the  United States Olympic Games 1932 Los Angeles 80 m hurdles 1932 Los Angeles Javelin throw 1932 Los Angeles High jump

Mildred Ella "Babe" Didrikson Zaharias (/zəˈhɑːriəs/; née Didrikson; June 26, 1911 – September 27, 1956) was an American athlete who excelled in golf, basketball, baseball, and track and field. She won two gold medals and a silver in track and field at the 1932 Summer Olympics before turning to professional golf and winning 10 LPGA major championships.

Biography

Mildred Ella Didrikson was born on June 26, 1911, the sixth of seven children, in the coastal city of Port Arthur, Texas. Her mother Hannah and her father Ole Didriksen were immigrants from Norway. Although her three eldest siblings were born in Norway, Babe and her three other siblings were born in Port Arthur. She later changed the spelling of her surname from Didriksen to Didrikson. She moved with her family to 850 Doucette in Beaumont, Texas, at age 4. She claimed to have acquired the nickname "Babe" (after Babe Ruth) upon hitting five home runs in a childhood baseball game, but her Norwegian mother had called her "Bebe" from the time she was a toddler.

Although best known for her athletic gifts, Didrikson had many talents. She also competed in sewing. An excellent seamstress, she made many of her clothes, including her golfing outfits. She claimed to have won the sewing championship at the 1931 State Fair of Texas in Dallas; she did win the South Texas State Fair in Beaumont, embellishing the story many years later in 1953. She attended Beaumont High School. Never a strong student, she was forced to repeat the eighth grade and was a year older than her classmates. She eventually dropped out without graduating after she moved to Dallas to play basketball. She was a singer and a harmonica player and recorded several songs on the Mercury Records label. Her biggest seller was "I Felt a Little Teardrop" with "Detour" on the flip side.

Already famous as Babe Didrikson, she married George Zaharias (1908–1984), a professional wrestler, in St. Louis, Missouri, on December 23, 1938. Thereafter, she was largely known as Babe Didrikson Zaharias or Babe Zaharias.

Athletic achievements

Didrikson gained world fame in track and field and All-American status in basketball. She played organized baseball and softball and was an expert diver, roller-skater, and bowler.

AAU champion

Didrikson's first job after high school was as a secretary for the Employers' Casualty Insurance Company of Dallas, though she was employed only in order to play basketball as an amateur on the company's "industrial team", the Golden Cyclones. As a side note, the competition was then governed by the Amateur Athletic Union (AAU). Despite leading the team to an AAU Basketball Championship in 1931, Didrikson had first achieved wider attention as a track and field athlete.

Representing her company in the 1932 AAU Championships, she competed in eight out of ten events, winning five outright, and tying for first in a sixth. Didrikson's performances were enough to win the team championship, despite her being the sole member of her team.

1932 Olympics

Didrikson set four world records, winning two gold medals and one silver medal in track and field in the 1932 Los Angeles Olympics. In the 80-meter hurdles, she equaled the world record of 11.8 seconds in her opening heat. In the final, she broke her record with an 11.7 clocking, taking gold. In the javelin, she also won gold with an Olympic record throw of 43.69 meters. In the high jump, she took silver with a world record-tying leap of 1.657 metres (5.44 ft). Fellow American Jean Shiley also jumped 1.657 metres, and the pair tied in a jump-off when the bar was raised to 1.67 metres (5.5 ft). Shiley was awarded the gold after Didrikson was ruled to have used an improper technique. She did not compete in the discus throw, as fellow American Lillian Copeland beat her out in the Olympic trials; Copeland went on to win the gold medal in discus.

Before the 1932 games, Didrikson was involved in a racial incident involving fellow athletes Tidye Pickett and Louise Stokes, both of whom are black. In Denver, on a train, Didrikson threw water on Pickett and Stokes, because Didrikson didn't like having African-American athletes on the team. Pickett and Stokes were later removed from the team, and replaced by white athletes who had qualified with slower times from the trials.

Didrikson is the only track and field athlete, male or female, to win individual Olympic medals in separate running, throwing, and jumping events.

Post-Olympics

In the following years, she performed on the vaudeville circuit, traveled with teams like Babe Didrikson's All-Americans basketball team and the bearded House of David (commune) team. Didrikson was also a competitive pocket billiards (pool) player, though not a champion. She was noted in the January 1933 press for playing (and badly losing) a multi-day straight pool match in New York City against famed female cueist Ruth McGinnis.

Golf

By 1935, Didrikson began to play golf, a latecomer to the sport in which she became best known. Shortly thereafter, she was denied amateur status and consequently, in January 1938, she competed in the Los Angeles Open, a PGA (Professional Golfers' Association) tournament. No other woman competed against men in this tournament until Annika Sörenstam, Suzy Whaley, Michelle Wie, and Brittany Lincicome almost six decades later. She shot 81 and 84, and missed the cut. In the tournament, she was teamed with George Zaharias. They were married eleven months later, and settled in Tampa, Florida, on the premises of a golf course that they purchased in 1949.

Didrikson became America's first female golf celebrity and the leading player of the 1940s and early 1950s. In order to regain amateur status in the sport, she could compete in no other sports for three years. She gained back her amateur status in 1942. In 1945, she participated in three more PGA Tour events, missing the cut of one of them, and making the cut of the other two; as of 2023, she remains the only woman to make the tournament cut in a regular PGA Tour event. Zaharias won the 1946 U.S. Women's Amateur and the 1947 British Ladies Amateur – the first American to do so – and three Women's Western Opens. Having formally turned professional in 1947, Didrikson dominated the Women's Professional Golf Association and later the Ladies Professional Golf Association. She was a founding member of the Ladies Professional Golf Association, in 1950. Serious illness ended her career in the mid-1950s.

Zaharias won a tournament named after her, the Babe Zaharias Open of her hometown of Beaumont, Texas. She won the 1947 Titleholders Championship and the 1948 U.S. Women's Open for her fourth and fifth major championships. She won 17 straight women's amateur victories, a feat never equaled by anyone. By 1950, she had won every golf title available. Totaling both her amateur and professional victories, Zaharias won a total of 82 golf tournaments.

Charles McGrath of The New York Times wrote of Zaharias, "Except perhaps for Arnold Palmer, no golfer has ever been more beloved by the gallery."

Golf awards

While Zaharias missed the cut in the 1938 PGA Tour event, later, as she became more experienced, she made the cut in every PGA Tour event she entered. In January 1945, Zaharias played in three PGA tournaments. She shot 76–76 to qualify for the Los Angeles Open. She then shot 76–81 to make the two-day cut in the tournament itself, but missed the three-day cut after a 79, making her the first (and currently only) woman in history to make the cut in a regular PGA Tour event. She continued her cut streak at the Phoenix Open, where she shot 77-72-75-80, finishing in 33rd place. At the Tucson Open, she qualified by shooting 74-81 and then shot a 307 in the tournament and finished tied for 42nd. Unlike other female golfers competing in men's events, she got into the Los Angeles and Tucson Opens through 36-hole qualifiers, as opposed to a sponsor's exemption.

In 1948, she became the first woman to attempt to qualify for the U.S. Open, but her application was rejected by the USGA. They stated that the event was intended to be open to men only.

Baseball

In March 1934, Didrikson pitched a total of four innings in three Major League spring training exhibition games:

• On March 20 she gave up one walk and no hits in one inning for the Philadelphia Athletics against the Brooklyn Dodgers, getting out of the inning with a triple play.
• On March 22 she pitched the first inning for the St. Louis Cardinals against the Boston Red Sox. It was reported that "Under tutelage of Burleigh Grimes, Dizzy Dean, and others she has learned to stand on the rubber, wind up like a big leaguer and throw a rather fair curve." The Red Sox scored three runs against Didrikson in the inning before she got Boston third baseman Bucky Walters to fly out to future Hall of Famer Joe Medwick in left field to end the inning. She was relieved at the start of the second inning by Cardinal pitcher Bill Hallahan. 400 fans were in attendance.
• On March 25 she played for the Cleveland Indians against their Double-A farm team, the New Orleans Pelicans, pitching two scoreless innings and hitting two line drives, one fair and one foul.

Didrikson also spent time with the House of David barnstorming team and is still recognized as the world record holder for the farthest baseball throw by a woman.

Last years and death

Zaharias had her greatest year in 1950 when she completed the Grand Slam of the three women's majors of the day: the U.S. Open, the Titleholders Championship, and the Women's Western Open, a feat that made her the leader on the money list that year. Also that year, she reached 10 wins faster than any other LPGA golfer, doing so in one year and 20 days, a record that still stands (as do her records for reaching 20 and 30 wins, in two years and four months and five years and 22 days, respectively). She was the leading money-winner again in 1951, and in 1952 took another major with a Titleholders victory, but illness prevented her from playing a full schedule in 1952–53.

She was a close friend of fellow golfer Betty Dodd. According to Susan Cayleff's biography Babe, Dodd was quoted as saying, "I had such admiration for this fabulous person . I loved her. I would have done anything for her." They met in a 1950 amateur golf tournament in Miami and became close almost immediately. Cayleff wrote, "As Didrikson's marriage grew increasingly troubled, she spent more time with Dodd. The women toured together on the golf circuit, and eventually Dodd moved in with Zaharias and Didrikson for the last six years of Didrikson's life." They never used the word "lesbian" to describe their relationship, but there is little doubt that their relationship was both sexual and romantic, and Zaharias has been described as the first lesbian gold medallist in Olympic athletics.

In 1953, Zaharias was diagnosed with colon cancer. After undergoing surgery, she made a comeback in 1954. She took the Vare Trophy for lowest scoring average, her only win of that trophy, and her 10th and final major with a U.S. Women's Open championship, one month after the surgery and while wearing a colostomy bag. With this win, she became the second-oldest woman to win a major LPGA championship tournament (behind Fay Crocker). Babe Zaharias now stands third to Crocker and Sherri Steinhauer. These wins made her the fastest player to reach 30 wins (five years and 22 days). In addition to continuing tournament play, Zaharias also served as the president of the LPGA from August 1952 to July 1955.

Her colon cancer recurred in 1955. Despite her limited schedule of eight golfing events that season, Zaharias won her last two tournaments in competitive golf. On September 27, 1956, Zaharias died of her illness at the age of forty-five at the John Sealy Hospital in Galveston, Texas. At the time of her death, she was still a top-ranked female golfer. She and her husband had earlier established the Babe Zaharias Fund to support cancer clinics. She is buried at Forest Lawn Cemetery in her hometown of Beaumont, Texas.

During her final years, Zaharias became known not only for her athletic abilities but as a public advocate for cancer awareness, at a time when many Americans refused to seek diagnosis or treatment for suspected cancer. She used her fame to solicit donations for her cancer fund but also as a spokesperson for the American Cancer Society. Her work in this area was honored by US President Dwight Eisenhower on a visit to the White House.

Legacy

She was named the 10th Greatest North American Athlete of the 20th Century by ESPN, being the highest-ranked woman on their list.

Zaharias broke the accepted models of femininity in her time, including the accepted models of female athleticism. Standing 5 ft 7 in (1.70 m) tall and weighing 115 lb (52 kg), Zaharias was physically strong and socially straightforward about her strength. Although a sports hero to many, she was also derided for her "manliness".

Zaharias was inducted into the LPGA Hall of Fame in 1951 (now part of the World Golf Hall of Fame). In 1957, she posthumously received the Bob Jones Award, the highest honor given by the United States Golf Association in recognition of distinguished sportsmanship in golf. It was accepted by her husband George, four months after her death. She was one of six initial inductees into the LPGA Hall of Fame at its inception in 1977.

Zaharias has a museum dedicated to her in Beaumont, Texas the Babe Didrikson Zaharias Museum. Several golf courses are named after her. A Tampa, Florida golf course that she and her husband owned, the Babe Zaharias Golf Course, was given landmark status.

In 1973, Zaharias, who had lived in the Denver area for most of the 1940s and early 1950s, became one of the three inductees in the inaugural class (joining Dave Hill and Babe Lind) of the Colorado Golf Hall of Fame.

In 1976, Zaharias was inducted into the National Women's Hall of Fame.

In 1981, the U.S. Postal Service issued an 18 cent stamp commemorating Zaharias. In 2008, Zaharias was inducted into the Colorado Women's Hall of Fame.

On January 7, 2021, Zaharias was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom by President Donald J. Trump.

Contemporary impressions

It would be much better if she and her ilk stayed at home, got themselves prettied up and waited for the phone to ring.

— sportswriter Joe Williams, New York World-Telegram

Williams' remark typified the attitude of some toward women who did not fit the traditional ideals of femininity current in the first half of the 20th century. However, in the same time period, the Associated Press chose her as the "Female Athlete of the Year" six times for track & field and for golfing, and, in 1950, overwhelmingly voted for her as the "Greatest Female Athlete of the First Half of the Century". Aside from her impact on the women and girls of her time, she impressed seasoned sportswriters also:

She is beyond all belief until you see her perform...Then you finally understand that you are looking at the most flawless section of muscle harmony, of complete mental and physical coordination, the world of sport has ever seen.

— sportswriter Grantland Rice, quoted by ESPN

Modern-day

The Associated Press followed up its 1950 declaration fifty years later by voting Zaharias the Woman Athlete of the 20th Century in 1999. In 2000, Sports Illustrated magazine also named her second on its list of the Greatest Female Athletes of All Time, behind the heptathlete Jackie Joyner-Kersee. She is also in the World Golf Hall of Fame. Zaharias is the highest-ranked woman, at No. 10, on ESPN's list of the 50 top athletes of the 20th century. In 2000, she was ranked as the 17th-greatest golfer, and the second-greatest woman player (after Mickey Wright) by Golf Digest magazine.

She broke the mold of what a lady golfer was supposed to be. The ideal in the 20s and 30s was Joyce Wethered, a willowy Englishwoman with a picture-book swing that produced elegant shots but not especially long ones. Zaharias developed a grooved athletic swing reminiscent of Lee Trevino's, and she was so strong off the tee that a fellow Texan, the great golfer Byron Nelson, once said that he knew of only eight men who could outdrive her. "It's not enough just to swing at the ball," Babe said. "You've got to loosen your girdle and really let the ball have it."

— journalist Charles McGrath, New York Times

Zaharias wrote an autobiography This Life I've Led. It is no longer in print but is available in many libraries.

In 2014, Zaharias was inducted into the Legacy Walk, an outdoor public display that celebrates LGBT history and people.

She was inducted into the Texas Track and Field Coaches Hall of Fame, Class of 2016.

Babe Zaharias Golf Course

In 1949, Zaharias purchased a golf course in the Forest Hills area of Tampa and lived nearby. After her death, the golf course was sold. It lay dormant as developers attempted to acquire the land for residential housing.

In 1974, the City of Tampa took over the golf course, renovated it, and reopened it, naming it the Babe Zaharias Golf Course. At some point afterward, it was accorded historical-landmark status.

California course

In 1980, the Industry Hills Golf Club at Pacific Palms Resort in City of Industry, California built two courses, The Ike and The Zaharias. The courses were designed by William F. Bell (original design) and Casey O'Callaghan (renovation). In 2010, the courses together won the National Golf Course Owners Association's California Golf Course of the Year Award.

This 18-hole course is named for Babe Didrikson Zaharias, one of America 's most decorated all-around athletes... This par 71 features slope ratings ranging from 126 to 138, making the course worthy of the great athlete for which it is named.

— Industry Hills Golf Club at Pacific Palms Resort Website

In the media

This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Babe Didrikson Zaharias" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (June 2021) (Learn how and when to remove this message)

• Dodge featured Babe Didrikson in advertisements for the 1933 Dodge "6" sedan.
• Zaharias appeared as a guest on the ABC reality show, The Comeback Story (1953–1954), explaining her attempts to battle colon cancer, which thereafter still claimed her life.
• In 1952, she appeared as herself in the Spencer Tracy-Katharine Hepburn film Pat and Mike.
• In 1975, Susan Clark portrayed Zaharias in a biographic TV movie titled Babe, for which Clark won an Emmy Award). Alex Karras played George Zaharias. Clark and Karras met while making the picture and later married.
• The 1987 science fiction novel Countersolar! by Richard A. Lupoff featured Zaharias as a character serving as part of an interplanetary expedition alongside Josh Gibson and Albert Einstein on a spacecraft built by Jack Northrop.
• In Jenifer Levin's 1993 novel The Sea of Light, main character Mildred "Babe" Delgado is named after Zaharias by her mother Barbara, who considered Zaharias to be "my only hero".
• In 2006, Zaharias was featured in a Season 10 episode of Arthur.
• In 2007, Carolyn Gage began work on Babe, a full-chorus, full-orchestra musical about Zaharias.
• In June 2011, Little, Brown published a major biography of Zaharias, Wonder Girl, by author Don Van Natta Jr.
• Family Guy has made numerous references to Babe Zaharias being one of the greatest Americans to have lived.
• In season 21 of The Simpsons, Marge dresses up as Zaharias for her Charity Chicks calendar with a history theme. Marge also refers to her as the female Tiger Woods of the 20th century.
• On August 26, 2014, her story was portrayed in a "Sport Heroes" episode of the Comedy Central series Drunk History; Didrikson Zaharias was played by Emily Deschanel.
• She is the sole character in the 2020 opera Par for the Course, written by composer Lisa Neher and librettist Kendra Preston Leonard. The opera depicts Zaharias's reaction to learning that she will not be allowed to play in the US Open.

Amateur wins

Note: This list is incomplete.

• 1935 Texas Women's Amateur
• 1946 U.S. Women's Amateur, Women's Trans-Mississippi Amateur
• 1947 North and South Women's Amateur, British Ladies Amateur

Professional wins

LPGA Tour wins (41)

• 1940 (1) Women's Western Open (as an amateur)
• 1944 (1) Women's Western Open (as an amateur)
• 1945 (1) Women's Western Open (as an amateur)
• 1947 (2) Tampa Open, Titleholders Championship (as an amateur)
• 1948 (3) All American Open, World Championship, U.S. Women's Open
• 1949 (2) World Championship, Eastern Open
• 1950 (8) Titleholders Championship, Pebble Beach Weathervane, Cleveland Weathervane, 144 Hole Weathervane, Women's Western Open, All American Open, World Championship, U.S. Women's Open
• 1951 (9) Ponte Verde Beach Women's Open, Tampa Women's Open, Lakewood Weathervane, Richmond Women's Open, Valley Open, Meridian Hills Weathervane, All American Open, World Championship, Women's Texas Open
• 1952 (5) Miami Weathervane, Titleholders Championship, Bakersfield Open (tied with Marlene Hagge, Betty Jameson and Betsy Rawls), Fresno Open, Women's Texas Open
• 1953 (2) Sarasota Open, Babe Zaharias Open
• 1954 (5) Serbin Open, Sarasota Open, Damon Runyon Cancer Fund Tournament, U.S. Women's Open, All American Open
• 1955 (2) Tampa Open, Peach Blossom Open

LPGA Majors are shown in bold.

Other wins

• 1940 Women's Texas Open
• 1945 Women's Texas Open
• 1946 All American Open, Women's Texas Open
• 1947 Hardscrabble Open
• 1951 Orlando Florida 2-Ball (with George Bolesta)
• 1952 Orlando Mixed (with Al Besselink)

Major championships

Wins (10)

Year	Championship	Winning score	Margin	Runner-up
1940	Women's Western Open	5 & 4		Mrs. Russell Mann
1944	Women's Western Open	7 & 5		Dorothy Germain (a)
1945	Women's Western Open	4 & 2		Dorothy Germain (a)
1947	Titleholders Championship	+4 (78–81–71–74=304)	5 strokes	Dorothy Kirby (a)
1948	U.S. Women's Open	E (75–72–75–78=300)	8 strokes	Betty Hicks
1950	Titleholders Championship	+10 (72–78–73–75=298)	8 strokes	Claire Doran (a)
1950	Women's Western Open	5 & 3		Peggy Kirk
1950	U.S. Women's Open	−9 (75–76–70–70=291)	9 strokes	Betsy Rawls (a)
1952	Titleholders Championship	+11 (74–73–73–79=299)	7 strokes	Betsy Rawls
1954	U.S. Women's Open	+3 (72–71–73–75=291)	12 strokes	Betty Hicks

See also

• List of golfers with most LPGA Tour wins
• List of golfers with most LPGA major championship wins
• Annika Sörenstam
• Suzy Whaley
• Michelle Wie
• Brittany Lincicome

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55. "2010 Chapter Courses of the Year". National Golf Course Owners Association. Archived from the original on January 20, 2015. Retrieved January 20, 2015.
56. "Dodge Owners Save Over $150 On Upkeep Expense Alone". Time. Vol. 22, no. 11. September 11, 1933.
57. Charello, Michelle (May 2021). Essentials of Social Media Marketing. Stukent. pp. Chapter 14, Section 1, Influencer Marketing. ISBN 9780999630242.
58. Jewell, Alden (July 23, 2013), 1933 Dodge 6 Salon Brougham with Babe Didrikson, retrieved April 14, 2022
59. Marsh, Earle and Brooks, Tim, The Complete Directory to Prime-Time Network and Cable Television Shows, 1946–Present, p. 237
60. Aimee, Heather (January 26, 2007). "Lesbians Take to the Stage". LOGOonline.com. Archived from the original on September 27, 2007. Retrieved April 22, 2007.
61. Niebuhr, Keith (June 26, 2007). "Book to be focus on legend Zaharias' life, achievements". Tampa Bay Times. Archived from the original on January 18, 2008. Retrieved October 13, 2007.
62. "NOW Pop-Up Festival 2022". New Opera West. February 6, 2022. Retrieved April 29, 2024.

Bibliography

• Cayleff, Susan E. (1996). Babe: The Life and Legend of Babe Didrikson Zaharias. University of Illinois Press. ISBN 978-0-252-06593-4.
• Klawans, Harold L. (1996). 'Why Michael Couldn't Hit and Other Tales of the Neurology of Sports. W.H. Freeman & Company. ISBN 978-0-7167-3001-9.
• Van Natta, Don Jr. (2011). Wonder Girl: The Magnificent Sporting Life of Babe Didrikson Zaharias. Little, Brown and Company. ISBN 978-0-316-05699-1.
• Zaharias, Babe Didrikson (1955). This Life I've Led: My Autobiography. New York A.S Barns & Co. ASIN B0018EAHXW.

External links

• Babe Zaharias at the LPGA Tour official site
• Mildred (Babe) Didriksen at the USATF Hall of Fame (archived)
• Babe Didrikson at the Team USA Hall of Fame (archive July 20, 2023)
• Mildred Didrikson at Olympics.com
• Babe Didrikson at Olympedia (archive)
• Babe Didrikson photos held by the Library of Congress
• Babe, a 1975 TV movie biography, at The Internet Movie Database
• Babe Didrikson Zaharias at golf.about.com at the Wayback Machine (archived May 20, 2007)
• "Babe Didrikson Zaharias's Legacy Fades", The New York Times, June 25, 2011
• Babe Didrikson Zaharias – Note: Although this is the official site of the Babe Didrikson Zaharias Foundation, this site once contained a number of notable factual errors that have since been corrected. For example, it stated that she won all of the events she entered at the 1932 Olympic games when in fact she won two of the three. It stated that she graduated from high school; she did not. And it stated that she did not smoke, which is also not true.
• Michals, Debra. "Mildred 'Babe' Zaharias". National Women's History Museum. 2015.

Babe Zaharias in the Olympic Games

v t e Olympic champions in women's sprint hurdles 80 m hurdles 1932:  Babe Didrikson (USA) 1936:  Ondina Valla (ITA) 1948:  Fanny Blankers-Koen (NED) 1952:  Shirley Strickland de la Hunty (AUS) 1956:  Shirley Strickland de la Hunty (AUS) 1960:  Irina Press (URS) 1964:  Karin Balzer (EUA) 1968:  Maureen Caird (AUS) 100 m hurdles 1972:  Annelie Ehrhardt (GDR) 1976:  Johanna Schaller (GDR) 1980:  Vera Komisova (URS) 1984:  Benita Fitzgerald-Brown (USA) 1988:  Yordanka Donkova (BUL) 1992:  Voula Patoulidou (GRE) 1996:  Ludmila Engquist (SWE) 2000:  Olga Shishigina (KAZ) 2004:  Joanna Hayes (USA) 2008:  Dawn Harper (USA) 2012:  Sally Pearson (AUS) 2016:  Brianna Rollins-McNeal (USA) 2020:  Jasmine Camacho-Quinn (PUR) 2024:  Masai Russell (USA) v t e Olympic champions in women's javelin throw 1932:  Babe Didrikson (USA) 1936:  Tilly Fleischer (GER) 1948:  Herma Bauma (AUT) 1952:  Dana Zátopková (TCH) 1956:  Inese Jaunzeme (URS) 1960:  Elvīra Ozoliņa (URS) 1964:  Mihaela Peneș (ROU) 1968:  Angéla Németh (HUN) 1972:  Ruth Fuchs (GDR) 1976:  Ruth Fuchs (GDR) 1980:  María Caridad Colón (CUB) 1984:  Tessa Sanderson (GBR) 1988:  Petra Felke (GDR) 1992:  Silke Renk (GER) 1996:  Heli Rantanen (FIN) 2000:  Trine Hattestad (NOR) 2004:  Osleidys Menéndez (CUB) 2008:  Barbora Špotáková (CZE) 2012:  Barbora Špotáková (CZE) 2016:  Sara Kolak (CRO) 2020:  Liu Shiying (CHN) 2024:  Haruka Kitaguchi (JPN) v t e US National Championship winners in women's 100-meter hurdles 1923–1979 Amateur Athletic Union 1923–4: Hazel Kirk 1925–9: Helen Filkey 1930: Evelyne Hall 1931–2: Babe Didrikson 1933: Simone Schaller 1934: Not held 1935: Jean Hiller 1936: Anne O'Brien 1937: Cora Gaines 1938–9: Marie Cortell 1940: Sybil Cooper 1941: Lelia Perry 1942: Lillie Purifoy 1943: Nancy Cowperthwaite 1944–5: Lillie Purifoy 1946–7: Nancy Cowperthwaite 1948–9: Bernice Robinson 1950: Evelyn Lawler 1951: Nancy C. Phillips 1952: Constance Darnowski 1953: Nancy Phillips 1954: Constance Darnowski 1955 Bertha Diaz (CUB) * Barbara Mueller 1956 Bertha Diaz (CUB) * Shirley Eckel 1957: Shirley Crowder 1958: Not held 1959: Shirley Crowder 1960: JoAnn Grissom 1961–2: Cherrie Parrish 1963–4: Rosie Bonds 1965–6: Cherrie Sherrard 1967–8: Mamie Rallins 1969: Chi Cheng (TPE) * Mamie Rallins 1970: Mamie Rallins 1971: Patty Johnson 1972: Mamie Rallins 1973–4: Patty Johnson 1975–6: Jane Frederick 1977: Patty Van Wolvelaere 1978–9: Deby LaPlante 1980–1992 The Athletics Congress 1980–2: Stephanie Hightower 1983: Benita Fitzgerald 1984: Stephanie Hightower 1985: Rhonda Blanford 1986: Benita Fitzgerald-Brown 1987: LaVonna Martin 1988: Kim McKenzie 1989: Lynda Tolbert 1990: LaVonna Martin 1991–2: Gail Devers 1993–present USA Track & Field 1993: Lynda Tolbert 1994: Jackie Joyner-Kersee 1995–6: Gail Devers 1997: Melissa Morrison 1998: Cheryl Dickey 1999–2004: Gail Devers 2005: Michelle Perry 2006–7: Virginia Powell 2008: Lolo Jones 2009: Dawn Harper 2010: Lolo Jones 2011: Kellie Wells 2012: Dawn Harper 2013: Brianna Rollins 2014–5: Dawn Harper Nelson 2016: Brianna Rollins 2017–9: Kendra Harrison 2021: Kendra Harrison Notes OT: 1932, and since 1992, championships incorporated the Olympic Trials in Olympic years, otherwise held as a discrete event. 2020 OT: The 2020 Olympic Trials were delayed and held in 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Distance:The event was over 60 yards until 1928, 80 meters 1929-1968 v t e US National Championship winners in women's high jump 1923–1979 Amateur Athletic Union 1923: Catherine Wright 1924: Not held 1925: Elizabeth Stine 1926–27: Catherine McGuire 1928: Mildred Wiley 1929–31: Jean Shiley 1932: Jean Shiley & Babe Didrikson 1933: Alice Arden 1934: Not held 1935: Barbara Howe 1936: Annette Rogers 1937–38: Gretel Bergmann 1939–48: Alice Coachman 1949: Gertrude Orr 1950: Dorothy Chisholm 1951–52: Marion Boos 1953: Mildred McDaniel 1954: Jeanette Cantrell 1955–56: Mildred McDaniel 1957: Verneda Thomas & Hazel Ulmer 1958: Rose Robinson & Barbara Brown 1959–61: Lis Josefson 1962: Kinuko Tsutsumi (JPN) 1963–67: Eleanor Montgomery 1968: Theresa Thresher 1969: Eleanor Montgomery 1970: Sally Plihal 1971: Linda Iddings 1972: Audrey Reid 1973: DeAnne Wilson 1974–77: Joni Huntley 1978: Louise Ritter 1979: Debbie Brill (CAN) 1980–1992 The Athletics Congress 1980: Coleen Sommer 1981: Pam Spencer 1982: Debbie Brill (CAN) 1983: Louise Ritter 1984: Pam Spencer 1985–86: Louise Ritter 1987: Coleen Sommer 1988–89: Jan Wohlschlag 1990–91: Yolanda Henry 1992: Tanya Hughes 1993–present USA Track & Field 1993: Tanya Hughes 1994: Angie Bradburn 1995: Amy Acuff 1996: Tisha Waller 1997: Amy Acuff 1998–99: Tisha Waller 2000: Karol Damon 2001: Amy Acuff 2002: Tisha Waller 2003: Amy Acuff 2004: Tisha Waller 2005: Amy Acuff 2006: Chaunté Howard 2007: Amy Acuff 2008–09: Chaunté Howard 2010: Chaunté Lowe 2011: Brigetta Barrett 2012: Chaunté Lowe 2013: Brigetta Barrett 2014–16: Chaunté Lowe 2017–19: Vashti Cunningham 2021-22: Vashti Cunningham Notes OT: Since 1992, championships incorporated the Olympic Trials in Olympic years, otherwise held as a discrete event. 2020 OT: The 2020 Olympic Trials were delayed and held in 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. v t e US National Championship winners in women's long jump 1923–1979 Amateur Athletic Union 1923: Helen Dinnehey 1924: Dorothy Walsh 1925: Helen Filkey 1926: Nellie Todd 1927: Eleanor Egg 1928: Elta Cartwright 1929: Nellie Todd 1930: Stella Walsh 1931: Babe Didrikson 1932: Nellie Todd 1933: Genevieve Valvoda 1934: Not held 1935: Etta Tate 1936: Mable Smith 1937–8: Lula Hymes 1939: Stella Walsh (POL) * Lula Mae Hymes 1940–41: Stella Walsh (POL) * Lucy Newell 1942–45: Stella Walsh (POL) * Rowena Harrison 1946: Stella Walsh (POL) * Lillian Young 1947: Lillie Purifoy 1948: Stella Walsh (POL) * Lillian Young 1949–50: Mabel Landry 1951: Stella Walsh (POL) * Nancy Phillips 1952–3: Mabel Landry 1954–5: Nancy Phillips 1956–9: Margaret Matthews 1960–2: Willye White 1963: Edith McGuire 1964–6: Willye White 1967: Pat Connolly 1968–70: Willye White 1971: Kim Attlesey 1972: Willye White 1973–75: Martha Watson 1976: Kathy McMillan 1977–8: Jodi Anderson 1979: Kathy McMillan 1980–1992 The Athletics Congress 1980–1: Jodi Anderson 1982–3: Carol Lewis 1984: Shonel Ferguson (BAH) 1985–6: Carol Lewis 1987: Jackie Joyner-Kersee 1988: Sheila Echols 1989: Claire Connor 1990–2: Jackie Joyner-Kersee 1993–present USA Track & Field 1993–6: Jackie Joyner-Kersee 1997–8: Marion Jones 1999: Dawn Burrell 2000: Marion Jones 2001: Jenny Adams 2002: Brianna Glenn 2003: Grace Upshaw 2004: Marion Jones 2005: Grace Upshaw 2006: Rose Richmond 2007: Grace Upshaw 2008–12: Brittney Reese 2013: Janay DeLoach Soukup 2014: Brittney Reese 2015: Tianna Bartoletta 2016: Brittney Reese 2017: Tianna Bartoletta 2018: Sha'Keela Saunders 2019: Brittney Reese 2021: Brittney Reese 2022: Quanesha Burks 2023-24: Tara Davis-Woodhall Notes OT: Since 1992, championships incorporated the Olympic Trials in Olympic years, otherwise held as a discrete event. 2020 OT: The 2020 Olympic Trials were delayed and held in 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. v t e US National Championship winners in women's shot put 1923–1979 Amateur Athletic Union 1923: Bertha Christophel 1924: Ester Behring 1925–28: Lillian Copeland 1929–30: Rena MacDonald 1931: Lillian Copeland 1932: Babe Didrikson Zaharias 1933: Catherine Rutherford 1934: Not held 1935: Rena MacDonald 1936: Helen Stephens 1937: Gretel Bergmann 1938–41: Catherine Fellmeth 1942: Ramona Harris 1943: Frances Gorn-Sobczak (POL) * Dorothy Dodson 1944: Dorothy Dodson 1945: Frances Kaszubski (POL) * Helen Steward 1946–47: Dorothy Dodson 1948: Frances Kaszubski (POL) * Dorothy Dodson 1949: Amelia Wood 1950: Frances Kaszubski (POL) * Amelia Wood 1951: Amelia Wood 1952: Amelia Wood & Janet Dicks 1953: Amelia Wood 1954: Lois Testa 1955: Wanda Wejzgrowicz 1956–62: Earlene Brown 1963: Sharon Shepherd 1964: Earlene Brown 1965–66: Lynn Graham 1967–68: Maren Seidler 1969–71: Lynn Graham 1972–79: Maren Seidler 1980–1992 The Athletics Congress 1980: Maren Seidler 1981: Denise Wood 1982: María Elena Sarría (CUB) * Denise Wood (3) 1983: Denise Wood 1984: Ria Stalman (NED) * Lorna Griffin 1985–87: Ramona Pagel 1988: Connie Price 1989: Ramona Pagel 1990: Connie Price 1991: Ramona Pagel 1992: Connie Price-Smith 1993 onwards USA Track & Field 1993–2000: Connie Price-Smith 2001: Seilala Sua 2002: Teri Steer 2003: Kristin Heaston 2004: Laura Gerraughty 2005: Kristin Heaston 2006: Jillian Camarena 2007: Kristin Heaston 2008–09: Michelle Carter 2010: Jillian Camarena 2011: Michelle Carter 2012: Jillian Camarena-Williams 2013–16: Michelle Carter 2017: Raven Saunders 2018: Maggie Ewen 2019: Chase Ealey 2021: Jessica Ramsey 2022: Chase Ealey 2023: Maggie Ewen Notes Since 1992, the championships has incorporated the Olympic Trials in Olympic years, otherwise held as a discrete event. 2020 OT: The 2020 Olympic Trials were delayed and held in 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. v t e US National Championship winners in women's javelin throw 1923–1979 Amateur Athletic Union 1923: Roberta Ranck 1924: Esther Spargo 1925: Aloa Silva 1926: Lillian Copeland 1927–8: Margaret Jenkins 1929: Estelle Hill 1930: Babe Didrikson Zaharias 1931: Lillian Copeland 1932: Babe Didrikson Zaharias 1933: Nan Gindele 1934: Not held 1935: Sylvia Broman 1936: Martha Worst 1937–8: Rose Auerbach 1939–49: Dorothy Dodson 1950: Amelia Wood 1951: Frances Licata 1952: Marjorie Larney 1953: Amelia Wood 1954–6: Karen Anderson 1957–60: Marjorie Larney 1961: Frances Davenport 1962: Karen Mendyka 1963: Frances Davenport 1964–7: RaNae Bair 1968: Barbara Friedrich 1969: Kate Schmidt 1970–2: Sherry Calvert 1973–7: Kate Schmidt 1978: Sherry Calvert 1979: Kate Schmidt 1980–1992 The Athletics Congress 1980–1: Karin Smith 1982: Lynda Hughes 1983–4: Karin Smith 1985: Cathy Sulinski 1986: Helena Uusitalo (FIN) * Donna Mayhew 1987: Karin Smith 1988: Donna Mayhew 1989: Laverne Eve (BAH) * Donna Mayhew 1990–1: Karin Smith 1992: Donna Mayhew 1993–onwards USA Track & Field 1993–5: Donna Mayhew 1996: Nicole Carroll 1997: Lynda Lipson 1998: Nicole Carroll 1999–2000: Lynda Blutreich 2001: Kim Kreiner 2002: Serene Ross 2003: Erica Wheeler 2004–6: Kim Kreiner 2007: Dana Pounds 2008–11: Kara Patterson 2012–3: Brittany Borman 2014–5: Kara Winger 2016: Maggie Malone 2017–18: Kara Winger 2019: Ariana Ince 2021: Maggie Malone 2022: Kara Winger Olympic Trials The 1920, 1928 and 1932 championships, and championships in Olympic years since 1992 have incorporated the Olympic Trials, otherwise held separately. 2020 OT: The 2020 Olympic Trials were delayed and held in 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. v t e US National Championship winners in women's baseball throw 1923: Elinor Churchill 1924: Mabel Holmes 1925: Ann Harrington 1926: Mabel Holmes 1927–28: Margaret Jenkins 1929: Gloria Russell 1930–32: Babe Didrikson Zaharias 1933: Catherine Rutherford 1934: Not held 1935: Carolyn Dieckman 1936: Josephine Lally 1937: Rose Cea 1938: Betsy Jochum 1939: Catherine O'Connell 1940–41: Angela Mica 1942: Irene Romano 1943: Elaine Grothe 1944: Hattie Turner 1945–47: Marian Barone 1948–50: Juanita Watson 1951: Amelia Wood 1952–54: Marion Brown 1955: Amelia Wood 1956: Pamela Kurrell 1957: Earlene Brown v t e 1932 USA Olympic track and field team Qualification 1932 United States Olympic trials (track and field) Men's track and road athletes Ed Ablowich (r) Percy Beard Bill Carr Bill Chisholm Ernest Crosbie Frank Crowley Glenn Cunningham Glen Dawson Daniel Dean Hector Dyer (r) Ben Eastman Ivan Fuqua (r) Edwin Genung James Gordon Lou Gregory Norwood Hallowell Glenn Hardin Joe Healey James Henigan Ralph Hill Harry Hinkel Chuck Hornbostel Jack Keller Bob Kiesel (r) Joe McCluskey Ralph Metcalfe Albert Michelsen Hans Oldag Tom Ottey Eino Pentti Walter Pritchard Paul Rekers George Saling George Simpson Morgan Taylor Eddie Tolan Emmett Toppino (r) Edwin Turner Karl Warner (r) Frank Wykoff (r) Men's field athletes John Anderson Dick Barber Lee Bartlett Jim Bausch Sidney Bowman Wilson Charles Kenneth Churchill Clyde Coffman Frank Conner Sol Furth Ed Gordon Bill Graber Nelson Gray George Jefferson Paul Jessup Cornelius Johnson Henri LaBorde Grant McDougall Malcolm Metcalf Bill Miller Lambert Redd Rolland Romero Harlow Rothert Leo Sexton George Spitz Bob Van Osdel Pete Zaremba Women's track athletes Mary Carew (r) Babe Didrikson Evelyn Furtsch (r) Evelyne Hall Ethel Harrington Annette Rogers (r) Simone Schaller Wilhelmina von Bremen Elizabeth Wilde Women's field athletes Lillian Copeland Babe Didrikson Nan Gindele Margaret Jenkins Ruth Osburn Annette Rogers Gloria Russell Jean Shiley Non-competing relay pool members Arnold Adams Tidye Pickett Louise Stokes Coaches Lawson Robertson (men's head coach) Eddie Farrell (men's assistant coach) Harry Hillman (men's assistant coach) Jack Magee (men's assistant coach) George Vreeland (women's coach)

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